Han Ying

The founder of Korean poetics in the Western Han Dynasty

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Han Ying, male, from Yan (now Hebei) in the Western Han Dynasty. When Emperor Wen was a doctor, Emperor Jing went to Changshan King Liu Shun Taifu 。 During the reign of Emperor Wu scholar-statesman instrumental in institutionalizing Confucianism and civil-service examinations Debate, do not be aggrieved. Administer "Poetry"《 easy 》, Western Han Dynasty“ HapVerse The founder of "Xue", whose poetic language is quite different from that of Qi and Lu, speculated on the meaning of "Shi", Stray lead Spring and Autumn Annals or ancient events are not attached to the meaning of scriptures. They are different from the scholars of Zhou and Qin dynasties. They all cite the "Poems" to prove things, rather than to clarify the "Poems". Yan and Zhao Yan's Poems are all based on Han Ying. Zhao Zi and Huainan Bensheng are their masters. Zhao Zi passed on Cai Yi, and the three generations formed the learning of Wang, Shi Zi and Chang Sun in Han's poetry, with many apprentices. Later generations believed that his study of Poetry was not as profound as that of Yi, Sili Xiaowei Cover leniency Originally accepted in the Book of Changes Meng Xi See Han's Yi and accept it.

Times: Yan (now in Maozhou, Hebei) in the Western Han Dynasty
Ethnic groups: Chinese
one's native heath: Hebei
date of birth: About 200 BC

Date of death: 130 BC
Key achievements: Wendi was a doctor
Main works: "Shi Wai Zhuan"
True name: Han Ying
Gender: male

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Han Ying inherited and carried forward the Confucianism, which was directly inherited a pre-Qin philosopher , but also respected and believed in Mencius“ Faxian King ”Substitution“ Queen of France ”Replace "evil human nature" with "good human nature". So as to unify the views of the two schools with the fiercest internal struggle of Confucianism. He absorbed the views of Zhou and Qin, reformed and updated them, and believed that "happiness comes from inaction, but suffering from multiple desires". The rulers must control their desires, "light corvee" Thin Fu ”"Make the people timely" to avoid war; Take "modest virtue" as the principle of standing and acting, that is, "the virtue of being generous is honored by being courteous, the land of being vast is secure by being frugal, the position of being noble and noble is valued by being humble, the people of all armies are strong in defending it to be fearsome and win, the wisdom of being wise and wise is foolish and the wisdom of being knowledgeable and strong in remembering it is shallow". It is nearly enough for Dazu to govern the world, and the middle foot to secure the country. For maintenance Unification He believes that loyalty is above all else, and filial piety is subordinate to loyalty. If loyalty and filial piety must give up one of them, he would rather be a loyal minister than a filial son. Subordinates to the monarch mainly "use Tao to overcome the monarch" and "use virtue to adjust the monarch". We should pay attention to the way of advising the monarch. He believes that Bican "Killing the body to show the evil of the monarch is also disloyal.". Wu Zixu "To admonish someone who is not a king but is evil" is "loyalty". Therefore, they oppose honesty and straightforwardness, and disapprove of Boyi who is revered by traditional Confucianism, Shuqi 、 Bian Sui , meson push The original constitution And approve of the integrity of others Liu Xiahui Do not disgrace the monarch, do not resign the junior officials, and do not hide the sages when entering the country. They must follow their own path. They will be poor without pity, and will not complain if they lose something ", so that the subjects will not be famous without profit, able to rise or fall, and will not feel pity without resentment. He is obedient to the people without disgrace and disgrace.

He inherited and carried forward Mencius' thought of "valuing the people". It is believed that "the people will be safe with it, strong if it is supplemented, dangerous if it is not, and perish if it is multiplied". The ruler should " People are heaven ”To govern the world, we must "support the people". The ruling class must not indulge in dissipation and waste, and should be thrifty. "When it is not exhausted, it will not harm life", so as to achieve "peace in the world and peace in the country". To this end, it must "teach the people". He thought that "millions of fools are not people". He reiterated that people should be educated with Confucianism, and put forward the idea that "the destiny of a country lies in propriety". He believed that "if people do not have propriety, they will not be born, and if things are rude, they will not be done. The reason why kings and princes are the world will not be ignored, so the country will fall". It negates Confucius's self denial, inheritance and development a pre-Qin philosopher "Courtesy originates from desire", "the desire to nourish people, and the desire to give into them", put forward the view of "follow the desire according to the emotion", and believed that "people's six emotions, the eyes desire to look lustful, the ears want to listen to the palace merchants, the nose wants to smell fragrance, the mouth wants to taste sweet, the body and limbs want to be at ease without making, and the clothes want to be embroidered silk dress And light and warm, these six, the six feelings of the people also. If you lose something, it will be chaotic. If you follow it, it will be solemn. Therefore, the sage king will teach his people to be polite because of their feelings. He will make it just according to his desires. The righteousness will be simple, and the etiquette will be easy and the law will be followed. The feelings will not be far away, so the people will follow their orders quickly. Negate Confucius“ Courtesy is not inferior to common people ”He advocated "educating the emperor with propriety and righteousness" and "harmonizing all kinds of proprieties" Baiyi Thus, the hundred meanings are Yin Yang tune, the Yin Yang tune is equal in cold and heat, the cold and heat are clear in three lights, and the three lights are clear in wind and rain. When it rains and rains, the group will live in peace. If it rains, the way will be clear.

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Han Ying's idea is to spread Confucianism widely and to be Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty“ Dismiss all schools of thought and uphold Confucianism ”I made mental preparations. 《 Hanshu · Yiwenzhi 》The Yi category includes《 han 》Two chapters; There are 36 volumes of Han Gu, four volumes of Han Nei Zhuan, six volumes of Han Wai Zhuan《 Han said 》Forty one volumes. After the Southern Song Dynasty, only《 Han Shiwaizhuan 》。 clear Zhao Huaiyu Edit《 HapVerse Internal Biography Lost writings 。 Ma Guohan 《 Collection of Lost Books by Yuhan Shanfang 》There are two volumes of Han Shi Gu, one volume of Han Shi Nei Zhuan, and one volume of Han Shi Shuo.

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Wei Wenhou ask Fox Test Paper "Can children rely on a wise father?" The fox paper replied, "No," "Can parents rely on a wise son?" "No," "Can younger siblings rely on a wise brother?" "No," "Can younger brothers rely on a wise brother?" "Can younger brothers rely on a wise brother?" "No." "If the officials are wise, can the monarch rely on them?" "No," Wei Wenhou immediately changed his face and angrily asked: "I asked you five questions, and you said you can't rely on them. Why?" The fox scroll replied: "The father is wise, and no one can surpass Yao, and his son Dan Zhu is arrogant and slow, and dissolute, and then he was exiled; His son was wise, but not more than Shun. Shun's blind father and his younger son, Xianghe, murdered Shun and were later detained; His elder brother is wise and no one can surpass Shun, while his younger brother is like being exiled; My younger brother is wise and has not surpassed Duke Zhou (Zhou Dan), and his brother Guan Shu Killed for insurrection; The ministers are wise, and they can't surpass the Shang Tang and King Wu of Zhou And its owner cruel and oppressive person and Shang Zhou He was denounced for his immorality and cruelty. Therefore, if you always want to rely on others, you will not achieve your goal; Relying on others will not last long. If you want to govern the country, you should start from yourself. What can others rely on? "

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