In Chinese, the old name "Yuan" [Won] is sometimes used. It was a currency from 1953 to 1962, and from 1902 to 1910, Won [Won].Issued by Bank of Korea, Bank of Korea.International Organization for StandardizationISO 4217The standard code isKRW。
Korean won (won) symbol: KRW.Korean currencyCurrency symbolYes, that is WON.
Currency
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There are two kinds of Korean currency: paper currency and coin.There are four kinds of banknotes: 1000 won, 5000 won, 10000 won and 50000 won, which can be easily distinguished according to the historical characters and colors printed on the banknotes.There are a total of 1, 5, 10, 50, 100, 500 and 6 coinsMonetary Value。There are four kinds of coins in circulation: 10 won, 50 won, 100 won and 500 won (10 won is the smallest unit).
Due to the high exchange rate of the Korean won, the circulation of 1 yuan and 5 yuan coins has been suspended since February 2001.June 23, 2009 Bank of KoreaBank of KoreaA banknote with a face value of 50000 won (about US $40) was issued, which is the largest banknote issued by the country so far.The commonly used pronunciations "WON" and "HUAN" refer to the pronunciation of Korean coins in ancient times.
Li Chao, KoreaidealismPhilosopher, the main representative of Korean Zhu Zixue.Initial nameRuihong, wordsJinghao、Ji Hao, Notoegye 、Tao Weng、Retreat pottery and cool mountain people、Zhenbao Man。Posthumous titleLiterary purity。Joseon Dynasty Gyeongsang AntonWenxi, Fulian County (todayQingshang North RoadAndong City).He has served as judge of Li Cao, review of art and literature museum, judge of Gongzhou, governor of Danyang, Dasicheng, Datixue and other officials.As he witnessed the disasters brought to the scholars by previous "scholar disasters", he wrote to the king for resignation on the pretext of being weak and old for many times.In his later years, he settled down in his hometown, established an academy in Tuixi, engaged in education and writing, and developedZhu XiPhilosophy, and founded the Tuixi School, which is recognized as KoreaConfucianismA magnate.It is called Dongfang Zhu Zi in Japan, and is influenced by the theorySeika Fujiwara To become a Confucian scholar.Author《Back to the stream》(68 volumes) "Zhu Zi Shu Jie Yao", "Enlightenment Biography", "Xin Jing Shi Lu", "Tian Gu Tu Shuo", "Si Duan Qi Qing Lun", etc.
The sincerity philosophy of the Korean (Hao Li Gu) belongs to the philosophy of human nature theory.HisPhilosophical thoughtGenerally, it does not go beyond the framework of Confucian classics, but contains rich practical ideas:
(1) Oppose secularism from Tao;Oppose the "empty words without truth" of the false Confucianists, and emphasize the practical and realistic approach characterized by direct practice and practice;
(5) PhilosophicalQi monism。Li Gu is therefore considered North KoreaPractical learningThe founder of the theory.The practical learning thought was followed by Li Yuguang's "solid, solid politics, solid achievements" and "people are the king's heaven";Liu Xinyuan"If the law is long, it will harm students";Hong Darong"Sincerity";Ding Ruoyong"Pasturing for the people" and other ideas have formed a certain influence.
King Shizong (1397-1450)
Shizong, whose full name is "English Ruiwuren Shengming Filial King", has the surname of Li Gui, with the word Yuanzheng. Before he ascended the throne, he was granted the title of Zhongning Grand KingLi'sThe fourth generation king of Korea (reign: 1418-1450).Because of his great contribution to the country, later historians usually call him Shizong King.During his tenureZheng Linzhi、Ask in threes、Shen Shuzhou、Park Peng nianCui Heng, Li ShanlaoLi KaiAnd other famous scholarsKoreanThe letter (Hangul, originally used Chinese in Korea) was issued in 1446 AD, and was popularized throughout the country.After the death of Shizong, the Ming Dynasty gave him the posthumous title of "Zhuang Xian" (Yan Jinglin called Zhuang; doing good deeds can be recorded as Xian).
She was a famous female calligrapher in the Li Dynasty of Korea, and she was also Li GuLearHer mother, with her virtue and intelligence as well as her outstanding accomplishments in calligraphy, painting and poetry, has become a model for Korean women.There areRepresentativenessThere are Egrets in the Lotus Pond and Grapes《Siniperca chuatsiFish, eggplant, etc.
Korean Won Coins
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Korean Won Coins
face value
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back
10 won
50 won
100 won
500 won
Banknote characters
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Li Huang
Korean Won 1000 Front design: Yi Huang, a Confucianist from Li Chao
The latest coin (151mm * 76mm) issued in 1983 has the design of Mr. Tuixi Li Hwang, a scholar representing South Korea, on the front, and Mr. Tuixi Li Hwang on the back, established for his disciples to improve their performanceTaoshan AcademyThe pattern of.
Li Chao, KoreaidealismPhilosopher, KoreaZhu ZixueThe main representative of.At the beginning, it was named Ruihong, with the words Jinghao and Jihao, and the names Tuixi, Taoweng and Tuido.North KoreaAntonWenxi people in Li'an County.He has served as Judge of Li Cao, Reviewer of Art and Culture Museum, Judge of Gongzhou, Governor of DanyangSicheng, and other official positions such as the university.Because I have witnessed many times“Scholar disaster”As a result of the disasters brought to Shilin, he wrote to the king for resignation on the pretext of being weak and old many times.In his later years, he settled down in his hometown, established an academy in Tuixi, and engaged in education and writing.There are "Tuixi Collection" (68 volumes), "Zhuzi Book Festival", "Enlightenment Mystery", "Heart Sutra Interpretation", "Tianpao Tu Shuo", "Four Ends and Seven Emotions", etc.
Philosophically, Li Hwang opposed IsraelXu JingdeRepresented byMaterialismAnd rejected Buddhism and Wang Yangming'sSubjective idealism, ChongxinZhu XiOfObjective idealism。He believes that "reason" is the origin and master of the world. If there is no "reason", there will be no heaven and earth, human beings and all things, and nothing will exist.After all, he inherited Zhu Xi's idea that there was a "reason" before heaven and earth, that there was a "reason" before the monarch and his subjects, that there was a "reason" before the father and his son, and that there was a "reason" before the father and son, and that "reason" was regarded as a supernatural, time-space spiritual noumenon, while nature and the wholehuman societyIt is derived from "reason", but it is just the expression of "reason".
Li Hwang opposed Wang Yangming's theory of "unity of knowledge and practice" and believed in Zhu Xi's theory of "prophetic action".But he also believes that there are two kinds of human nature, namely, "natural nature" and“Nature of temperament”。From "purity" and "purity refutation" of "temperament", there are "superior intelligence", "moderate people" and "inferior foolishness", that is, people with both "heavenly principles" and "knowledge and action" belong to "superior intelligence";The person who is "contented but not enough" is a "middle man";Those who "know ignorance and do evil" are "fools".Li Huang took this as the Li Dynastyfeudal societyranking systemOfrationalitydefend.At the same time, Li Hwang believes that although people have the gap of "temperament", the gap can be narrowed and can also reach the position of saints through continuous study and cultivation of individuals.
Li Hwang emphasized the opposition between "heavenly principles" and "human desires", and asked people to abandon "human desires" and obey "heavenly principles".In his opinion, "four ends and seven emotions" are different from "natural principles and human desires"."Four ends" are "heavenly principles", while "seven emotions" are different from "human desires".Because "seven emotions" include two possibilities of good and evil, and "human desire" must be "evil"."Natural justice" and "human desire" are completely opposite and cannot coexist.The purpose of studying and cultivating is to change "human desires" and restore "heavenly principles".Li Huang's view of "reason and desire" reflected the thoughts and interests of the feudal authorities in the Li Dynasty at that time.
Li Hwang's philosophical thoughtHistory of Korean PhilosophyIt has a profound impact on the development of Japanese Zhuzi School.
Li Tuixi is a household name in South Korea. In memory of this thinker, the Korean government printed his head on the 1000 yuan won of the third edition.In addition,SeoulSpecial cityZhonglu DistrictThere is also a retreat road in the north to commemorate him.
Lear
Korean Won 5000 The front design is still usedKorean historyLi Gu, the greatest scholar in the worldPortrait paintingAnd the birth place of Li GuOjukheon Pattern andbambooChild.The pattern on the back isLearThe Painting of Grass and Insects by Shen Shi Ren Tang, his mother.
Shizong
Shizong is famous for his mastery of Confucianism.KRW 10000 is designated asWorld Heritage SiteThe pattern of Shizong King, the creator of the training of the people, and the background pattern of Sun Moon Five Peaks and《Song of Flying Dragon》, the background pattern on the back isArmillary sphereandOptical celestial bodyTelescope and "Celestial Elephant Sequence Division Map".
Shin Saimdang
The front of the 50000 won note is printed with the portraits and works of Shen Rentang (1504-1551), a female painter of the Korean Dynasty《Grape Painting》, middle Korean Dynasty painter printed on the backFish Dream DragonThe Moon Plum Blossom Painting by Li Zhen and the Wind Bamboo Painting by Li Zhen.
Li Hwang and his people: Li Hwang was a famous scholar and scholar in the middle of the Korean era, and he was also the main advocate of the "theory of mutual development of reason and qi" at that time.He was born in 1501 and died in 1570.Taoshan Academy was specially built by Li Hwang in 1574 for teaching and academic research.In 1575, Taoshan Academy was renamed as "Ci'e Academy" by the emperor of that dynasty.
Second edition
It was issued on June 11, 1983 and is still being issued.The paper specification has been changed, which is 151x76mm, and is intaglio printed.The back of the note is still the pattern of Taoshan Academy, and the front is still symbolized by the head of Li Hwang in Tuixi. The difference is that the infinite flower in the front version has becomePitcher。
The difference between the second edition and the first edition is that the original version of the first edition isMade in JapanThe original version of the second edition was made by the Korean Mint and usedanti-counterfeiting techniques 。
Third edition
It is also the latest edition. It was released on January 22, 2007. The paper specification is 136x68 and it is intaglio printed.The designs on the front and back of the paper currency have also changed.The head of Li Hwang andMinglun HallThe pattern is mainly the "picture of peaceful living on the stream" on the back.Ming Lun Tang was built in Seoul during the Korean DynastyChengjun HallA lecture hall set up in the school or local school for students to study together.The picture of peaceful residence on the stream is a realistic picture of Tao Mountain.
The manufacturing method of the third edition of thousand yuan notes follows the "new anti-counterfeiting notes" published on April 18, 2005bank notesThe issuing plan has changed the specifications and patterns of banknotes and adopted a large number of cutting-edge anti-counterfeiting technologies.
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The South Korean government originally planned to issue 100000 won notes at the beginning of 2009, because there was only 100000 won notes with patterns on the back——Kim Jong hoOf《Dadongyu Map》Mark inDokdo (Japan called it "Takeshima") The issue had sharp differences and decided totemporary interruption100000 won note issuance plan.The Korean government originally decided that the front design of the 100000 won note was Bai FanJin JiuThe back of the portrait is Dadongyu Map.However, the fact that Dokdo is not marked in Dadongyu Map becomes a problem.
Japan announced in textbooks in July 2008Dokdo After the sovereignty, the South Korean government proposed that Dokdo should be included in the "Dadongyu Map", the pattern of the new paper currency. The debate on this issue lasted for three months.
It is reported that,Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the Republic of KoreaOthers said: "Joining Dokdo, which is not included in the original map, will cause diplomatic problems due to the dispute over authenticity." However, some people pointed out that "considering the national sentiment, we must join Dokdo." Others proposed "using other maps marked with Dokdo" and "using the third pattern", but it was not adopted.
It is reported that some conservative groups oppose the use ofJin JiuThe portrait of MrPark Chung heeThis has also had an impact.
Blue tile terraceA core person in charge said: "The government thinks it is difficult to make a decision, so it requiresBank of KoreaIt temporarily suspended the issuance plan of 100000 won notes before drawing a definite conclusion on the pattern problem. "
The person in charge said: "Credit cards andHome BankThe use of 100000 won cheques has increased significantly recently, so the use of 100000 won cheques has continued to decrease. In addition, it is also considered that 100000 won notes may be used for illegal purposes such as bribery or receiving political funds. "
