Most acids can ionize H+in water,Hydrogen ionIt is weakly oxidizing, so all acids are oxidizing.Non oxidizing acid refers to the weak oxidizing acid that can only show hydrogen ion in the reaction.For example:HCl,HBr，HF，phosphoric acid，Dilute sulfuric acidEtc.
wrongOxidizing acidSince most acids can ionize H+in water,Hydrogen ionIt is weakly oxidizing, so all acids are oxidizing.
The non oxidizing acid we usually refer to refers to the weak oxidizing acid that can only show hydrogen ions in the reaction.Such as HCl, HBr, HF, H2CO3, dilute sulfuric acid, phosphoric acid, etc.The total reaction is between active metals and non oxidizing acids.
For example, reaction of non oxidizing acid and aluminum: 2Al+6H+=2Al3++3H2 ↑ (metal+acid → metal compound+hydrogen ↑
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Since most acids are soluble in waterionizationOut of H+, hydrogen ion hasWeak oxidizabilityTherefore, the acid is weakOxidizability。Oxidizing acid---It is generally an oxyacid, which means that the central elements in the acid, except hydrogen and oxygen, showStrong oxidation。The common ones are: concentrated and dilute nitric acid, concentrated sulfuric acid, hypochlorite, chloric acid, chlorite, perchloric acid, nitrite, etc.
The non oxidizing acid is not non oxidizing, because H+is also oxidizing, but its acid radical does not have direct oxidation capacity, which reflects only the nature of H+, that is, acidity, and does not reflect the oxidation of acid radical.
In addition, some acids are sometimes regarded as oxidizing acids, such as concentrated sulfuric acid, while very dilute sulfuric acid is usually regarded as non oxidizing acids, that is, the oxidation of acid radical is also related to certain conditions.
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1) Non oxidizing acids can be used to compare the metallicity of elementsSimple substanceThe stronger the reaction with water or non oxidizing acid, the stronger the metallicity.[1]
2) Non oxidizing acids can be used for the determination of sulfur in sulfides.Sulfide in steel is generally soluble in acid, and oxidizing acid (nitric acid plus hydrochloric acid) is used
Decomposition, sulfur is converted into sulfuric acid, and BaSO4 can be used.Gravimetric determination.If it is decomposed by non oxidizing acid (hydrochloric acid plus phosphoric acid), sulfur will be converted into H2S, which can be directly determined by photometric method.[1]
Oxidizing acid and non oxidizing acid
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Oxidative acid - generally oxy acid, which means that the central elements in the acid, except hydrogen and oxygen, show strong oxidation in chemical reaction.The common ones are: concentrated and dilute nitric acid, concentrated sulfuric acid, hypochlorite, chloric acid, chlorite, perchloric acid, nitrite, etc.The central atom in the acid radical of an oxyacid that is more oxidizing than hydrogen ions is in a higher valence state.It is easier to get electrons than hydrogen ions in the reaction.Common oxidizing acids include concentrated sulfuric acid, concentrated nitric acid, dilute nitric acid, nitrous acid, and oxyacids containing chlorine, bromine, and iodine.From standardElectrode potentialIn terms of value, they are higher than hydrogen (thereforeCommonness of acidMedium acid+metal → salt+H2 acid refers to common acid: dilute HCl, diluteH2SO4Instead of oxidizing acids).[2]
Non oxidizing acid: Since most of the non oxidizing acids can ionize H+in water, hydrogen ions are weakly oxidizing, so acids are weakly oxidizing.Commonly, the term "non oxidizing acid" refers to a weak oxidizing acid that can only show hydrogen ions in the reaction.For example: HCl, HBr,H2CO3, dilute sulfuric acid, phosphoric acid, etc.
