Qinglong Manchu Autonomous County, Hebei ProvinceQinhuangdao City, onHebei ProvinceNortheast,YanshanThe east foot, at the foot of the ancient Great Wall, covers a total area of 3510 square kilometers. As of 0:00 on November 1, 2020, the permanent population of the county is 431100 (the seventh census)[7]。As of October 2021, Qinglong Manchu Autonomous County has jurisdiction over 1 street, 11 towns and 13 townships,[2]The county government is located at 267 Yanshan Road.
In the 22nd year of the Republic of China (1933), Qinglong County was founded.On May 6, 1983, Qinglong County was under the jurisdiction of Qinhuangdao City.On December 2, 1986, with the approval of the State Council, Qinglong County was abolished and Qinglong Manchu Autonomous County was established.[12]Qinglong County has a humid continental monsoon climate in the north temperate zone, with four distinct seasons, sufficient sunshine and large temperature difference between day and night.The five major river systems of Qinglong River, Shahe River, Duyuan River, Xinggan River and Qihe River are winding around the whole territory.In 2001, it was listed as the national key county for poverty alleviation and development, known as "eight mountains, one water and one farmland".The county seat is 290 kilometers away from Beijing, 263 kilometers away from Tianjin and 116 kilometers away from Qinhuangdao Port. It is located at the development axis of Beijing, Tangshan and Qinhuangdao.coverState Forestry AdministrationIt has been identified as "National Advanced County for Economic Forest Construction" and“Home of Apple in China”, Yes“Home of Xi Culture in China”“Top 100 Deep Breathing Town”"Hebei Coarse Grain Town" and "Hebei Folk Culture and Art Town".On September 29, 2018,People's Government of Hebei ProvinceA notice was issued to formally approve Qinglong Manchu Autonomous County to withdraw from the poverty county list.[3]
In 2020, the gross domestic product of Qinglong Manchu Autonomous County will be 12.662 billion yuan, an increase of 3.2%.By industry, the added value of the primary industry is 4.947 billion yuan, and the added value of the secondary industry is 2.491 billion yuan;The added value of the tertiary industry was 5.224 billion yuan, and the ratio of the three industries was 39.1:19.7:41.2.[10]
Chinese name
Qinglong Manchu Autonomous County
Foreign name
Qinglong Manchu Autonomous County
Alias
Qinglong County
area number
one hundred and thirty thousand three hundred and twenty-one
In the 19th year of the Republic of China (1930), an analysis was made of the establishment of the administration bureau at Zhidu Mountain in the area north of the Great Wall in the above three counties, which was located in ShuangshanziHebei Province。In the 22nd year of the Republic of China (1933), it was occupied by the Japanese army and Qinglong County was founded. The county office was stationed in Dazhangzi (today's Qinglong Town), which belongs to the pseudo Rehe Province.Twenty sixth year of the Republic of China (1937)Counter-Japanese WarAfter the outbreak, Qian (An) Qing (Long) Ping (Quan) Lianhe County was established between 1941 and 1942Shanxi Chahar Hebei Border RegionJidong Special Area.
In July of the 32nd year of the Republic of China (1943), it moved to Qingping County and Chengde Qinglong, Qinglong Pingquan two offices belong to the second special area of Jire Border Region, and moved to Lulong Qinglong, Lingyuan Qinglong Suizhong two counties belong to the third special area.In the 34th year of the Republic of China (1945), the two counties, Qingping and Zunhua, Qinglong, were moved to belong to the fifteen special zones of Jire Liao District.In the 35th year of the Republic of China (1946), Lianhe County was abolished and Qingxi County (located in Kuancheng) was established, which belonged to the twelve special districts of Jidong District. In the summer of the same year, it was changed toRehe The 17th zone.In December, Qinglong and Qingxi (county assistant) counties were transferred from Rehe Province to Jidong District, belonging to twelve special regions.In April of the 36th year of the Republic of China (1947), it was changed to the 17th Special District of Jidong District, and later Qingxi County was cancelled and Qingping County was established.
On October 1, 1949,The People's Republic of ChinaAfter its establishment, Qinglong County still belongs to Rehe Province.
On January 1, 1956, Qinglong County was transferred from Rehe Province to Hebei Province, belonging to Chengde District.
On May 3, 1960, Chengde District was revoked and Qinglong County was incorporatedChengde City。
On June 23, 1961, Chengde District was re established, and Qinglong County also belonged to it.
In 1970, Chengde District was renamed Chengde District, under the jurisdiction of Qinglong County.
On May 6, 1983, Qinglong County was incorporatedQinhuangdao Cityhave jurisdiction over.
On December 2, 1986, with the approval of the State Council, Qinglong County was abolished and Qinglong Manchu Autonomous County was established.
From April 24 to 30, 1987, based on the Constitution of the People's Republic of China, the Law of the People's Republic of China on Regional National Autonomy and the Electoral Law of the People's Republic of China, members of the Standing Committee of the First People's Congress and the People's Government were elected by the people's congress of the whole county.
On May 10, 1987, the founding ceremony of the autonomous county was held, which marked the official establishment of Qinglong Manchu Autonomous County.[12]
Qinglong Manchu Autonomous County is located at the east end of Yanshan Mountains, with a saddle shaped terrain.Domestic peakDushanThe main peak is 1846.3 meters above sea level, which is also the first peak in Qinhuangdao and the second peak in Yanshan Mountains (the first peak in the east of Yanshan Mountains).
hydrology
Qinglong Manchu Autonomous CountyQinglong River, QiheShahe River, Xinggan River, Duyuan River, where Qinglong River runs through Qinglong Manchu Autonomous County from north to south and flows intoLuanhe River。
climate
Qinglong Manchu Autonomous CountyWarm temperate zoneIn the sub humid climate zone, there are four distinct seasons, sufficient sunshine, large temperature difference between day and night, the average temperature is 8.9 ℃, the average precipitation is 715mm, and the annual frost free period is 162 days.
natural resources
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mineral resources
The mineral resources of Qinglong Manchu Autonomous County mainly includegold、silver、copper、iron、manganese、uranium、Barite、quartz、Granite、Marble、limestone、coalMore than 40 kinds of products.Among them, the proven iron ore reserves are 1.5 billion tons, the prospective reserves are more than 5 billion tons, and the annual output of iron concentrate is 6.5 million tons, which is one of the main iron ore concentration areas in eastern Hebei;There are more than 300 proven gold veins, 8.9 tons of gold reserves approved by the National Reserve Committee, more than 110 tons of prospective reserves, and an annual output of nearly 30000 taels of gold, making it one of the ten thousand taels of gold counties in China;Granite reserves are more than 2.6 billion cubic meters, with an annual output of 4 million square meters of stone plates. It is the main stone distribution center in North China.
Forestry resources
The quantity of forest and fruit resources is high in quality. The forest land area of the whole county is 3.28 million mu, and the forest coverage rate is 60%.There are more than 100 kinds of trees, such as Chinese pine, oak, linden, birch, poplar, mulberry, etc.The wood is excellent, and it is a good raw material for building materials, home furnishing, paper making and other industries.There are various orchards of 610000 mu, and the annual output of dry and fresh fruits such as apples, chestnuts, pears, apricots, walnuts, hawthorn, etc. is 150000 tons.Qinglong Sweet Chestnut and Longfu Apple are famous at home and abroad, and are highly favored by consumers“Home of Apple in China”Good reputation.
Population and nationality
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By the end of 2020, Qinglong Manchu Autonomous County has 199513 households with a total registered population of 559621, including 297158 males and 262463 females, with a gender ratio of 113:100.The population of ethnic minorities is 420260, including 418011 Manchus.According to the data of the seventh national population census, there are 431138 permanent residents in the county, 135890 urban residents, and the urbanization rate is 31.52% (calculated according to the permanent population).According to the statistics of the family planning department, the birth rate was 7.27 ‰, the mortality rate was 4.10 ‰, and the natural population growth rate was 3.17 ‰.[11]yesManchu、Han nationality、Miao nationality、Hui nationalityAmong the 11 ethnic groups, the Manchu population accounts for 68.6%.
Politics
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County Party Secretary: Li Yaobin
County head: Zhang Yijin
As of December 2022[8][11]
Economics
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overview
Qinglong River, Qinglong Manchu Autonomous County
In 2020, the GDP of Qinglong Manchu Autonomous County will be 12.662 billion yuan, up 3.2% year on year.By industry, the added value of the primary industry was 4.947 billion yuan, up 4% year on year;The added value of the secondary industry was 2.491 billion yuan, up 4.4% year on year;The added value of the tertiary industry was 5.224 billion yuan, up 1.4% year on year.The ratio of three industries is 39.1:19.7:41.2.According to the permanent population, the per capita GDP of the county is 29188 yuan, up 4.8% year on year.[10]
In 2020, Qinglong Manchu Autonomous County will achieve a total financial revenue of 958 million yuan, up 3.2% year on year.Among them, the central level revenue reached 310 million yuan, down 5.5% year on year;Provincial revenue reached 135 million yuan, down 4.9% year on year;The general budget revenue at the county level reached 511 million yuan, up 12% year on year.The county's general public budget expenditure was 3.454 billion yuan, up 8.5% year on year.[10]
In 2020, the private economy of Qinglong Manchu Autonomous County will achieve an added value of 7.398 billion yuan, a year-on-year increase of 3.8%, accounting for 58.4% of the county's GDP.The paid in tax was 718 million yuan, accounting for 74.9% of the total financial revenue;85200 employees, down 1.1% year on year.[10]
In 2020, the investment in fixed assets of the whole society in Qinglong Manchu Autonomous County will decline by 7.5% year on year.The investment in urban and rural construction projects decreased by 18.3% year on year;Real estate investment increased by 46.3% year on year;Rural farmers invested 300 million yuan.In terms of industry type, the investment in the primary industry dropped 32.6% year on year;The investment in the secondary industry decreased by 5% year on year, of which the accumulated investment in industry decreased by 5% year on year;Investment in the tertiary industry dropped 4.6% year on year.The number of projects under construction increased, and construction projects throughout the yearseventy-two, 6 less than the previous year;Newly started projectsfifty-oneNumber, decreased over the previous yearfiveNumber;Including projects of more than 100 million yuanfourteen, 5 more than last year, and new construction started this yearfour.[10]
In 2020, the per capita disposable income of urban residents in Qinglong Manchu Autonomous County will be 37896 yuan, an increase of 3.5% over the previous year.The per capita disposable income of rural residents was 12792 yuan, up 7.2% year on year.[10]
primary industry
Dushan Forest Park, Qinglong Manchu Autonomous County
In 2020, the total output value of agriculture, forestry, animal husbandry and fishery in Qinglong Manchu Autonomous County will reach 8.767 billion yuan, up 4% year on year.The sown area of grain crops throughout the year was 22087 hectares, with a total output of 109600 tons;The oil planting area is 1122.9 hectares, with a total output of 4282.8 tons.[10]
In 2020, the pig production in Qinglong Manchu Autonomous County will be 374000, the same as the previous year.The number of sheep raised was 664500, up 8.07%.The number of cattle raised was 17800, down 1.1% year on year.The number of poultry raised was 19.668 million, up 29.39%.The total output of meat was 49000 tons, including 26700 tons of pork, beef and mutton, down 11.3%, and 11644 tons of poultry eggs, up 3.2%.[10]
In 2020, the total power of agricultural machinery in Qinglong Manchu Autonomous County will be 126100 kilowatts, and the annual rural electricity consumption will be 182830000 kilowatt hours.[10]
the secondary industry
In 2020, the industrial added value of Qinglong Manchu Autonomous County will reach 2.065 billion yuan, up 2% year on year.Among them, 29 industries above designated size achieved an added value of 1.588 billion yuan, down 0.3% year on year.The total output value was 9.023 billion yuan, including 5 limited liability companies, with 1.398 billion yuan;There are 23 private enterprises with an output value of 7.505 billion yuan;One enterprise invested by Hong Kong, Macao and Taiwan businessmen, with an output value of 120 million yuan.The industry above designated size realized an operating income of 10.16 billion yuan, including 10.15 billion yuan of main business income, 602 million yuan of total profits, 287 million yuan of total taxes, and 74 million yuan of losses for loss making enterprises.[10]
In 2020, the construction industry in Qinglong Manchu Autonomous County will achieve an added value of 430 million yuan, up 35.1% year on year.There were 12 qualified construction enterprises, with a total output value of 450 million yuan, up 46.1% year on year.Of which, the completed output value is 386 million yuan;Housing construction area of construction enterprises was 300600 square meters, up 48.81% year on year.[10]
the service sector; the tertiary industry
In 2020, the total retail sales of consumer goods in Qinglong Manchu Autonomous County will reach 4.549 billion yuan, down 3.5% year on year.In terms of the location of sales units, 1.872 billion yuan was completed in cities and towns, down 7.1%;In rural areas, 2.677 billion yuan was achieved, down 0.8%.[10]
In 2020, the balance of local and foreign currency deposits of financial institutions in Qinglong Manchu Autonomous County will reach 20.945 billion yuan, an increase of 2.433 billion yuan over the beginning of the year, up 13.1% year on year;The balance of household deposits was 18.407 billion yuan, an increase of 2.397 billion yuan over the beginning of the year;The deposit balance of non-financial enterprises was 1.058 billion yuan, an increase of 0.3 billion yuan over the beginning of the year;The balance of broad government deposits was 1.479 billion yuan, an increase of 34 million yuan over the beginning of the year.The balance of local and foreign currency loans of financial institutions reached 12.131 billion yuan, an increase of 1.342 billion yuan over the beginning of the year, or 12.4% year-on-year.The balance of household loans was 3.109 billion yuan;Loans from non-financial enterprises and government organizations amounted to 9.022 billion yuan.[10]
In 2020, the postal business income of Qinglong Manchu Autonomous County will be 39.8776 million yuan, the total postal business will be 29.4519 million pieces, 3400 pieces of letters will be sent, 85800 pieces of express parcels will be sent, 29600 pieces of express mail will be delivered, and the circulation of newspapers and periodicals will be 6.1031 million yuan;There are 21680 fixed telephone users, 91200 Internet access users and 399600 mobile phone users in the county.[10]
In 2020, Qinglong Manchu Autonomous County will achieve a total tourism revenue of 3.064 billion yuan, up 3.4%.A total of 2.1691 million tourists were received, an increase of 2% over the previous year.[10]
Transportation
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Qinglong River, Qinglong Manchu Autonomous County
National Highway 230, National Highway 508, Provincial Highway S251 and Provincial Highway S261 pass through Qinglong County.On December 28, 2012,Chengqin ExpresswayThe whole line was officially opened to trafficChengqin ExpresswayIn Qinglong County, there are Badaohe, Qinglong, Qinglong East and other high-speed intersections.
In 2020, Qinglong Manchu Autonomous County will invest 180 million yuan in roads, with 69.8 kilometers of expressways, 66.79/8 expressway connecting lines, 9 provincial roads of 229.671 kilometers (including expressway connecting lines), 8 county roads of 289.147 kilometers, 31 township roads of 379.335 kilometers, 2 special roads of 8.232 kilometers, and 1564.412 kilometers/563 village roads, totaling 2607.383 kilometers.The county has 15 high-speed tunnels, 11573 linear meters, and 45 high-speed bridges, 23615 linear meters;16 provincial highway tunnels, 7067.6 linear meters long;The total length of roads and bridges in the county is 45002.84 linear meters, including 9214.04 linear meters of the provincial trunk line in China. The village to village project has run through 396 administrative villages in the county, with 563 roads connecting villages, 1564.412 kilometers long.[10]
Railway transportation
Qinshan Railway, starting from the southHebeiprovinceqinghuangdaoCity, north to Shanshenmiao Coal Mine, Qinglong Manchu Autonomous County, Hebei Province.The total length is 44km.There are 11 stations in total.It was built in 1915-1916, 1924-1925 and 1987-1988.
Narrow gauge railway originally built for mining Liujiang coal mine.In the mid-1970s, Hebei Province invested to reconstruct the original line, broaden it to standard gauge, and connect it with Qinhuangdao South Station.In the mid-1980s, it extended northward to Shanshen Temple Station.
social undertakings
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education
In 2020, there will be one secondary professional school in Qinglong Manchu Autonomous County with 56 teaching staff;4 ordinary high schools with 11197 students;There are 21 ordinary junior middle schools with 18603 students, including one private school with 2184 students;45 primary schools with 38149 students;There are 204 kindergartens in the county, including 68 privately run kindergartens, with 12483 people in the kindergartens;One special education school with 136 students.[10]
medical and health work
By the end of 2020, there are 30 health institutions in Qinglong Manchu Autonomous County, including 25 health centers.1694 employees, including 1464 health technicians.1711 beds.[10]
Cultural undertakings
In 2020, Qinglong Manchu Autonomous County will broadcast an average of 126 hours a week on television and 119 hours a week on radio.There are 32182 cable TV users in the county radio and television network, 27240 rural cable TV users and 4942 digital TV users in the county seat.[10]
social security
In 2020, 33572 people will participate in the endowment insurance for enterprises in Qinglong Manchu Autonomous County, 15652 people will participate in the endowment insurance for institutions, and 323324 people will participate in the endowment insurance for urban and rural residents;In the whole year, the number of registered urban employees covered by medical insurance reached 29848, and the number of urban and rural residents covered by medical insurance reached 442072, with a coverage rate of 95.3%;The basic living security system for laid-off workers gradually transited to the unemployment insurance system. By the end of the year, the number of people covered by the unemployment insurance reached 18751, including 7362 people from enterprises, 10582 people from public institutions, 807 people from other industries, and 1822 person months of unemployment insurance benefits received throughout the year.Unemployment insurance benefits, medical subsidies, heating fees and other expenses were 3.927 million yuan.[10]
Historical culture
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diet
Qinglong River, Qinglong Manchu Autonomous County
The diet is mainly composed of millet, sorghum, corn, sweet potatoes and beans, and is mainly composed of thin and dry rice. There is little rice and flour.In recent years, the consumption of fine grains has increased, but millet and sorghum are still the main grains.Ordinary farmers eat a mixture of food and vegetables throughout the year. They eat two meals a day from winter to the spring ploughing of the next year, and porridge is a home-made meal.With the development of the economy, so far, the staff households have eaten more fine grains, and the farmers have not mixed grains and vegetables, but gradually become thin, dry, coarse and fine grains. However, porridge is still a favorite family meal.
Influenced by Manchu customs, people like to eat sticky food, such as sticky rice, cold cakes, cut cakes, Yuanxiao, zongzi, sticky steamed buns, etc., and also eat cake, sanzhuang zi, and pancakes.The staple food with local characteristics also likes to eat rice and water in summer, or hot soup, or cold syrup, depending on your hobbies.It likes to make water tofu and dry rice with water tofu during festivals or when entertaining guests.
Qinglong River, Qinglong Manchu Autonomous County
As for non-staple food, the daily dishes are mainly Chinese cabbage, radish and other road vegetables, supplemented by green pepper, celery, leek, tomato and other fine vegetables. In recent years, garlic, cauliflower, onion and so on have been added.The fruits are mainly apples, pears, peaches and other fruits, supplemented by dried fruits.Meat and eggs are mostly pigs, mutton and eggs.Spring Festival pig, bacon.Eat more "big dishes" and home pickled dishes.In summer, they like to eat raw cucumber mixed with green onion and lettuce dipped in sauce. In winter, they like to eat pickled vegetables, while rich families eat pickled hotpot.Most men like drinking, smoking and drinking tea.Adults like strong liquor.At the banquet, people have the habit of fighting wine, such as punching, chopping, touching the "thirty", and "going to the market".After the 1980s, beer and fruit wine gradually entered ordinary farmers.In the old days, smokers mostly smoked leaf tobacco (also called dry tobacco and fire smoke), while the rich smoked water.Leaf tobacco is mostly planted for self use, and is used to using tobacco bags and fire sickles.Young people smoke more cigarettes.Tea drinking is mainly flower tea, and tea making is the main drinking method.In recent years, soft drinks, fruit juice, fruit crystal and other drinks are very popular.
Manchu etiquette
The people of all ethnic groups in Qinglong have formed the virtue of advocating etiquette, seniority and filial piety due to long-term harmony.Before liberation, the younger generation had to pay respect to their parents and grandparents in the morning and in the evening. During the Spring Festival, marriage, funeral and teacher worship, the younger generation bowed down to their elders.When relatives and friends meet, they greet each other and ask their elders how they are.Neighbours must greet each other when they meet, and pay attention to the respect of brothers, friends and brothers, and the obedience of husband and wife.Neighbours should help each other when they argue with one another.After liberation, kneeling was replaced by bowing, and comrades shook hands or nodded their heads.After advocating "five stresses and four beauties", the use of "you", "excuse me", "thank you", "you are welcome", "goodbye" and other polite expressions among soldiers, cadres, workers and students has become a common practice.
Relatives and friends attach importance to reciprocity and exchange of gifts. They always bring gifts to congratulate on happy events, and they will come to the door to mourn or comfort in case of funeral or other disasters.Neighbours help each other, and make the most of the feelings of relatives and neighbors.We are extremely cordial in our daily hospitality. We offer our seats, offer cigarettes and water, and try our best to prepare meals.
Manchu residence
Qinglong River, Qinglong Manchu Autonomous County
Qinglong District is rich in wood, mountain grass and stone materials. In the past, houses were built with wood and stone structures.Due to the difference between rich and poor, there are two types of houses: one is thatched house.Columns, girders, purlins and rafters are used as frameworks.The second is brick houses.In the traditional pattern, most of the houses are facing south. The north room is the main room with 3-5 rooms, the east and west rooms are wing rooms (also called wing rooms and side rooms) with 2-3 rooms, and the south room is the gatehouse.At that time, poor families only built main houses, while rich families paid attention to five main rooms and three side rooms (three east and west side rooms) or "quadrangles".The middle of the main room is a kitchen, and the two sides are bedrooms.The south side of the room is built with a "one shaped kang", which is connected to the cooker, and the north side is decorated with boxes, cabinets, bottles, mirrors and other things.Back windows and back doors are opened for all residential buildings. The courtyard is generally against the wall, and the door is opened on the street.The gatehouses and screen walls of households with good conditions.In recent years, some residents have changed the traditional pattern by building corridors, kitchens, dormitories, reception rooms, storage rooms, etc. in their houses.There are many beliefs and customs in building and housing.In the old days, people were usually invited to build houses at "directional entrances" and on auspicious days.Shangliang should sing happy songs and paste couplets;"Yin and Yang fish" shall be pasted on the middle beam, and screen baskets and red cloth shall be hung to drive away evil spirits;Firecrackers should be fired to reward the craftsmen when making the ridge closure.The East House is the largest housing for the elders, while the West House is the smallest housing for the younger.There is also a certain location for the worship of gods. "Ancestor niche" is set on the north wall of the kitchen, and "Kitchen King niche" is set on the wall of the stove and the hot kang.In the countryside, these customs have been followed up to now.
After the founding of the People's Republic of China, with the improvement of living standards, urban and rural housing was newly built or rebuilt into tile roofed houses.In recent years, "Beijing Pinghe" and buildings have appeared.Most of the newly-built houses are of wood stone structure, and a few are of reinforced concrete structure, seeking beauty, spaciousness and comfort.Generally, new houses are hung with water and stone, decorated with various patterns, indoor hanging shed, flooring, lime wall, cement skirt, and glass windows.Some built platforms in their living rooms and built arched cellars and pressure wells in the courtyard.
Manchu costumes
Qinglong River, Qinglong Manchu Autonomous County
Adapt to climate change, wear cotton padded clothes in winter, single clothes in summer, and jacket in spring and autumn.In the old days, clothes were mainly made of homespun cloth (home woven cloth).Merchants and the rich wear fine cloth, silk or fur.After the 1970s, the variety and quality of cloth increased.So far, chemical fiber has become the main clothing material.In the old days, children often wore belly pockets, shoulder girdles (commonly known as Gala) and open crotch pants.Adult men wear sweaty clothes in summer and cloaked jacket and crotch pants in winter, with waist tied and trouser legs tied.Peasants wear round shoulders and leather underpants.Businessmen and gentry wore long gowns, jackets and waistcoats.In summer, adult women usually wear sweatshirts and belly pockets, while in the other three seasons, they wear cloth shirts, cheongsam, crotch pants and tie the trouser legs.Rich women's apron belt.Later, with the development of the times, it was gradually eliminated.In the 1980s, vests, shirts, uniform pants, jeans and some shorts were often worn in summer.Young women wear short skirts or dresses;In spring and autumn, people usually wear autumn clothes, thread clothes, nylon clothes, woolen clothes, sweaters, people's clothes and suits;In winter, wear more uniform cotton trousers, casual tight cotton padded jacket and cover.Young people like to wear jacket and down jacket;Some people wear cotton coats, fur coats or woolen coats when going out.The color and style of clothes have always been more beautiful and novel than men's clothes for children and women.In the old days, children wore their own pockets and shoulders embroidered, or embroidered or picked, and their chest was decorated with flowers, birds, figures and other patterns;The neckline, cuffs, and lapel edges of women's clothing are often trimmed with lace (commonly known as tapers). Generally, the colors with strong contrast with the clothing materials are used. Children's clothing is decorated with words or patterns at eye-catching places or printed, embroidered, or patched;In addition to materials and colors, women's clothing is particular about style and novelty.
Qinglong River, Qinglong Manchu Autonomous County
Shoes, socks, hats
Before the Republic of China, children wore "pig head shoes and cat head shoes", there was a folk song "first two pigs, two cats, Lord Yan can't find them", and there was a custom of aunts giving pig shoes.In severe winter, the elderly mostly wear felt lumps and straw sandals, while the rich wear cloud head shoes (also known as Laotoule) and warm boots.Women seldom engage in field labor because of foot binding.After the Republic of China, there were rubber shoes and leather shoes. So far, all kinds of rubber shoes, plastic shoes and leather shoes have been basically popularized, and tourist shoes and snow shoes have appeared.Both men and women wear home-made cloth socks. In winter, the elderly still wear cotton and cloth socks.In the Republic of China, the wired socks were popularized, including the bottom clip socks, silk socks, nylon socks, wool socks and felt socks.Men's warm hats include wind and snow caps, cotton caps, felt caps, and three tile hats.Nowadays, it has developed into pile cutting hat and wool hat.Cool hats include pointed straw hat, mushroom shaped round straw hat, and Ma Luopo straw hat, which are now developed into hat style straw hat and sun visor.Top hat, hat head, octagonal hat, liberation hat, cap, etc. are commonly used throughout the year.Children wear "tiger head cap, rabbit head cap".In the old days, old women had the habit of wearing hats. Today, young women also wear various woolen hats, straw hats, and popular scarves and scarves.
Hair style and accessories
In the Qing Dynasty, men "shaved half and kept half", that is, they only kept their hair at the back of their heads, braided it into plaits, and hung it down behind their heads.During the period of the Republic of China, a few old people still wore hair helmets.After the 1950s, the bald head gradually evolved into flat head, split head and back head.In recent years, a few young people have long hair.In the old days, boys left "Long Comb Back" on their forehead, "Pulling Hair" on the back of their heads, and some left "crooked peaches".Local custom "Long Comb Back" and "Pulling Hair" must be shaved by their mother-in-law at the door when they return from marriage, and given cattle, sheep or silver as a reward to show that they will become adults from now on.The girl left "tassels" (also known as ManManSuer) in the front, combed long braids in the back, and later evolved into short hair, "sheep's horn braids". In recent years, she paid attention to "perm".Comb round head (also known as pan head) and wring face from marriage.Some Manchu women combed two heads (also called Ruyi hair), and some elderly women combed "heart compiling hair", which later evolved into swallow tail hair, short hair, and in recent years, perm hair.Wear accessories. In the old days, children often wore bracelets and neck locks;Men wear more purse, toothpick and fan cover;Women often wear headdresses, clips, pins, earrings, bracelets, rings, and in recent years, some wear necklaces and hairbands.Jewelry is mostly made of gold, silver, bone and jade. Poor households can only wear copper jewelry.The head flower is made of paper, velvet, silk, silk, etc.
Green Dragon Monkey Beats StaffIt is a folk dance of Qinglong Manchu with a unique artistic performance style, which is divided into stage performance, Yangge street fighting and square art performance, and has been listed as the intangible cultural heritage of Hebei Province.
Manchu Cunzi Yangge
Manchu Cunzi YanggeIt is a form of dance performance combining the Manchu court and folk life. It has been popular in Louzhangzi, Badaohe, Liangshuihe, Gehetou and other towns in Qinglong Manchu Autonomous County for hundreds of years.In terms of performance form, it can be divided into Yangge Street Walking and single program fight, and accompanied by Xiaozhuozi's programs "Catching Butterfly", "Touching Sedan Chair", etc.
Local specialty
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Qinglong Chestnut
Qinglong ChestnutThe large fruit has thin skin, bright color, delicate pulp and unique sweet flavor.It is the leading product of "Jingdong Chestnut" and has a separate registered trademark of "Qinglong Chestnut" in Japan.Qinglong "Jingdong Chestnut" implemented the protection of geographical indication products in 2006 and won the honorary title of Hebei Famous Brand Product in 2007.
Qinglong Apple
Qinglong apple has good quality, high sugar content and unique taste.The average single fruit weight of "Longfu" brand red Fuji apple is more than 250g, and the maximum single fruit weight can reach 500g.In November 2001, it was rated as a national famous brand at the China International Agricultural Expo;In 1999, 2000 and 2001, it was rated as "Famous and Excellent Product" of Hebei Province for three consecutive years;In 2006, "Longfu" Red Fuji Apple won the honorary title of "Hebei Famous Brand".
Qinglong medlar
Qinglong medlar is "big, red, thick, soft, with few seeds and sweet taste".Mudundeng Town, Gangou, Dawulan and Fenghuang Mountain have built a hundred mile long lycium veranda, which is the main production area of lycium in Qinhuangdao. The products are mainly sold to Japan, South Korea and other Southeast Asian regions.
Qinglong'an Pear
QinglongAnliLarge pear trees with thin skin and good storage resistance are the main land supply for Anli pear in Beijing, Tianjin, Tang, Qin and other cities and the market in Northeast China.
Green Dragon Tofu
Green Dragon TofuIt is complete in color, aroma and taste. Qinglong water tofu is not only soft and smooth in the mouth, but also has the fragrance of original beans and good medicinal diet effect.
Taolinkou Scenic SpotIt is a national water conservancy scenic spot, relying on the landscape of Taolinkou Reservoir Project and surrounding natural landscapeplaces of historic figures and cultural heritageThe completed scenic tourist area.The total area of the scenic spot is 220000 mu, and the water area is 60000 mu.
Lengkou Hot Spring
Lengkou Hot SpringLocated in the southwest of Qinglong County, it is one of the "Eight Outlets" in the Qing Dynasty, with a perennial water temperature of 41 ℃.It contains elements such as calcium, magnesium, chlorine, sulfate and bicarbonate plasma.
Dushan Forest Park
Dushan Forest Parkbe situatedYanshan Mountain RangeIn the eastern section, there are undulating mountains, steep peaks, deep ditches and long valleys, dense forests and rich species.There are more than 300 kinds of plants, and there are a wide range of natural forests in the territory, with a forest coverage rate of 94.2%.In the forest, there are rare primitive ancient trees in the north, such as spruce, and national first and second class protected tree species, such as yellow cake tree, walnut tree, tilia amurensis, etc.
Huachangyu Wudaoling
HuachangyuThe natural village is located at the northeast edge of Zushan Scenic Area and is also the "Qinhuangdao Youth Patriotism Education Base";Wudaoling Natural Village is located in Beilongtan Scenic Area.
Famous people
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Du Hanchuan
Du Hanchuan (1882-1920).Originally known as Cheng, the word Enbo, was born in Shahe Village, Badaohe Township.Yuan Shikai selected him to Tianjin New Army, appointed him as "military and political propaganda officer", and sent him to Jiangsu to publicize the "New Deal".Du Hanchuan has made great efforts to build the school and experienced many difficulties.In the spring of 1918, the school was finally completed and named "Longwangmiao Higher Primary School". In 1938, it was renamed Longshan Higher Primary School.Du Hanchuan was elected as the first president (also called director) of Longshan High School.This is the first and only school in Qinglong in the old China.
Li Xiu
Li Xiu (1897-1985), with the word Zhiqing, was born in Shagou Village, Xiaoyingzi Town.He is a folk shadow play singer with high artistic attainments, the founder of "Pihuang Tune", and an outstanding actor with achievements and influence in the shadow play world.In 1979, he was admitted as a member of the Chinese Dramatists Association and praised by Chen Yun and other central leaders.In 1980, he was elected as a member of the Hebei Federation of Literary and Art Circles at the Fourth Cultural Congress of Hebei Province, and served as the honorary president of Tangshan Opera School.
Guan Futing
Guan Futing (1900-1971), named Guihua, was called Futing.A Manchu medical family born in Puzhangzi Village, Louzhangzi Township.He is a member of the first CPPCC in Hebei Province and is a famous old Chinese doctor in Qinglong Manchu Autonomous County.
Zhao Chengjin
Zhao Chengjin(1914-1962), the former name of Zhao Jincheng, the Han nationality, was born in Huachangyu Village, Niuxinshan Township, a Communist Party member, and a national famous militia bandit suppression hero.
Zhan Furui
Zhan Furui: Male, Manchu, born in November 1953.HebeiqinghuangdaoShi Qinglong is a professor and doctoral supervisor.He joined the Communist Party of China in 1989 and started working in September 1978.He used to be Secretary of the Party Committee of Hebei University, Secretary of the Party Committee and Curator of the National Library, Representative to the 16th and 17th National Congress of the Communist Party of China, and Representative to the 11th National People's Congress.
Honor
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In May 2019, Qinglong County was selected into the "2019 China's Most Beautiful County List".
In July 2020, Qinglong County was selected as a comprehensive demonstration county of e-commerce in rural areas in 2020.
In January 2021, Qinglong County was selected as the national youth campus football pilot county (district) in 2020.[5]
In May 2021, Qinglong County was selected into the national labor education experiment in primary and secondary schoolsZone.[6]
In October 2021, Qinglong County was selected as the pilot of county-level urban and rural passenger transport integration in Hebei Province。[9]
