Member of the Academic Department of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, linguist, educator, psychologist, phonologist, researcher of the Institute of Language, Chinese Academy of Sciences
Lu Zhiwei(February 5, 1894 to November 21, 1970), formerly known as Lu Baoqi, was born in Wucheng County, Huzhou, Zhejiang Province(Now Wuxing County)NanxunTown.Linguist, educator, psychologist, phonologist,Member of the Academic Department of the Chinese Academy of Sciences[1-2][4]。Before his death, he was the Institute of Language, Chinese Academy of Sciencesresearcher.[7]
Lu Zhiwei obtained theUniversity of ChicagoDoctor of Philosophy, Department of Psychology, Department of Biology, taught in the same yearNanjing Normal University；Served in 1922Southeast UniversityHead of Department of Psychology;Served in 1927Yenching UniversityProfessor of Psychology, Head of Department of Psychology;In 1933, he went to the University of Chicago to study further;Successive posts since 1934Yenching UniversityActing President, President of the School Council, President[8]；In 1952, he worked in the Institute of Language, Chinese Academy of Sciences;In 1957, he was elected as a member of the Academic Department of the Chinese Academy of Sciences[9]；He died in Beijing on November 21, 197076 years old.[1]
Lu Zhiwei devoted his whole life to Chinese phonology, grammar and psychologyResearch.[2]
On February 5, 1894, Lu Zhiwei was born in Nanxun Town, Wucheng County (now Wuxing County), Huzhou, Zhejiang Province.
In 1907, he entered the middle school attached to Soochow University.
From 1910 to 1913, he studied in Soochow University and taught in the middle school attached to Soochow University after graduation.
In 1916, he went to the United States for further study and enrolled inVanderbilt University。
In 1917, he was transferred to the University of Chicago Graduate School of PhysiologyDepartment of Psychology.
In 1920, he received a Ph.D. degree from the Department of Psychology, Department of Biology, University of Chicago;In the same year, he taught in Nanjing Normal University.
In 1922, he served as the head of the Department of Psychology of Southeast University.
In 1927, he was professor of psychology and head of psychology department of Yanjing University.
In 1933, he went to the University of Chicago to study further.
Since 1934, he has successively served as Acting President, President and President of Yanjing University.[8]
In 1952, he worked in the Institute of Language, Chinese Academy of Sciences.
In 1957, he was elected as a member of the Academic Department of the Chinese Academy of Sciences。[3]
He died in Beijing on November 21, 197076 years old.[1]
Lu Zhiwei
Key achievements
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Scientific research achievements
Overview of scientific research
Lu Zhiwei has long been committed to the research of experimental psychology, systematic psychology, educational psychology, social psychology, Binet test and other psychological workersWork.[4]
Lu Zhiwei's research in the field of linguistics involves phonology and grammar.In the 1930s, he was committed to evaluating, revising and supplementing Gao's medieval sound theory, referring to Chinese dialects and foreign translations, using modern mathematical linguistics methods, based on statistical probability relations, analyzing and studying the collected materials, and elaborating and proving the sound categories of Guangyun.To study the Book of Songs with the method of probability and statistics, and then to study the ancient phonology.Another Study on the Phonetics of Ancient MandarinEtc.[4]
Lu Zhiwei is also committed to the study of Chinese vocabulary and grammar. The "homomorphic substitution method" proposed by Lu Zhiwei defines "monosyllabic words", and then classifies them into nine categories: nouns, change words, adjectives, demonstrative pronouns, auxiliary nouns, adverbs, action words, function words, miscellaneous words, and their accessories.By using the self-developed "expansion method" to distinguish words and phrases in polysyllabic structures, Chinese grammar research can break away from the traditional practice of "meaning", "language sense", "intuition", and make grammar research more scientific.[4]
Academic treatise
From 1946 to 1948, Lu Zhiwei published 9 papers on the sound history of ancient official discourse in Yanjing Journal, such as "explaining the rhyme of Central Plains" and "recording Emperor Shao Yong's' heavenly voice and earthly sound '"etc.His main works include "Ancient Voice", "Turbid Initial of Chinese", "Poetry Rhythm", "Shuowen Jiezi", "Reading Ruoyin", "Nine Essays on the History of Ancient Mandarin Speech", and "Four Characters in Chinese".[1]
Academic papers
Publication time
Title
Journal name
1936
A Comparison of Chinese and European Pragmatic Verbs
In 1920, Lu Zhiwei taught in Nanjing Normal University and founded the firstIndependent Department of Psychology.[8]
Teaching courses
The courses taught by Lu Zhiwei include "physiological psychology", "systematic psychology", "experimental psychology", "comparative psychology", "religious psychology", "psychological history", "psychological outline" and "physiological basis of psychologyBen, etc.[3]
Training Methods
Lu Zhiwei gives lectures to postgraduates of linguistics, asks them questions, and gives them an index of treatises, so that students can explore ways to solve problems themselves. When students ask questions, he does not immediately answer them head-on, but constantly asks them many questions, guiding them gradually to get closer to the correct answers to the questions, until they finally solve the problems。[4]
Instruct students
The students under Lu Zhiwei's guidance are professors of the Chinese Department of Beijing Normal UniversityYu MinEtc.[4]
Member of the Chinese Phonetic Committee of the Chinese Character Reform Commission[4]
The country strives for the return of students studying in the United StatescommitteeDeputy Director[1]
Character evaluation
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"Lu Zhiwei is a knowledgeable person with profound attainments in the research of psychology and linguistics. He is one of the famous linguists in China and one of the pioneers of Chinese psychology. He is an outstanding patriotic scholar and educator, who has contributed all his life to China's education and scientific research."（Institute of Language, Chinese Academy of Social SciencesComment)[1]
"Lu Zhiwei is recognized as one of the founders of modern Chinese psychology and has made great contributions to the establishment of two psychology departments in Southeast University and Yanjing University.”(commented by Southeast University Alumni Association)[3]
"Lu Zhiwei is a famous psychologist and a leading figure in Chinese psychology. He is knowledgeable, innovative, and empirical, making important contributions to the construction and development of the psychology discipline in China;Lu Zhiwei is a scholar who knows both Chinese and Western culture, is good at both literature and science, knows both ancient and modern times, and has the temperament of a poet. His academic background, academic philosophy, and even writing style are not known by everyone. "(Nanyong Lizhu: Biography of Famous Teachers of Central University(continued)[4]
"Lu Zhiwei has a wide range of knowledge and interests. He is not only a serious scientist, but also a poet with rich feelings. He can not only inherit the tradition of classical poetry, but also continue to innovate. He is considered to be the promoter of the style innovation of the May 4th New Culture Movement and one of the pioneers of new poetry."（Institute of Psychology, Chinese Academy of SciencesComment)[8]
