Herbivores of the genus Gazelle of Artiodactyla Bovidae
Arabian sand gazelle (scientific name:Gazella marica）: YesArtiodactyla、Bovidae、GazelleHerbivores.The head and tail are 97cm long and 55-60cm tall.The male weighs about 22 kg and the female weighs 18 kg.Both male and female have horns, which are 27 cm long in male and 15 cm long in female.Small size.Slender legs, good at jumping running, speed up to 80 kilometers per hour.
It inhabits mountains, hills and coastal plains.Heat resistance and drought tolerance, herd activity, generally 3-8 small groups, dawn and dusk activities, are typical herbivores.The diet includes herbs and shrubs, which feed on leaves and roots of plants.It is distributed in Iraq, Jordan, Kuwait, Oman, Qatar, Saudi Arabia, the Syrian Arab Republic, the United Arab Emirates and Yemen.Reintroduction of Turkey.
Arabian sand gazelle was formerly includedGoose throat antelope, considered as one of themsubspecies。DNAThe evidence shows that although these two species are closely related, they represent different lineages, so it is considered that the Arabian sand gazelle is a separate species.
Hassanin and other biologists found thatJu's gazelle、Slender-horned gazelle The paired distance with the Arabian sand gazelle is very low (<1.5%), and it is suggested that the fine horned gazelle and the Arabian sand gazelle should be regarded as subspecies of the Koch gazelle.This will have a significant impact on the protection work. It is imperative to further clarify this situation and study the relationship between them.[3]
Arabian sand gazelle is 97 cm long (including 15 cm long tail);The height is about 55-60cm.The male weighs about 22 kg and the female weighs 18 kg.Both male and female have horns, which are 27 cm long in male and 15 cm long in female.Small size.Slender legs, good at jumping running.[4]
Strong physique;Having legs suitable for long-distance running;There are four toes on the feet, but the side toes are more degenerate than deer, suitable for running;Both incisors and canines are degenerated, but the lower incisors remain, and the lower canines become incisors. The three pairs of incisors lean forward in the shape of spades. As they feed on hard plants, the premolar and molar teeth have high crowns, and the enamel has wrinkles. The surface of the tooth crown after abrasion forms complex tooth lines, which is suitable for grazing;The stomach has 4 chambers, and the rumination function is perfect;Adult males and females have cave horns, which are symmetrical bone branches derived from the protrusions of the frontal bone. They are unbranched, hollow inside, and covered with a detachable cutin sheath (horn sheath), which is sheathed on the horn center (bone center) of the bone, and expands with the growth of the bone center;There are no nerves and blood vessels on the horn, and the horn can not grow after being removed;Generally, when it grows to a certain extent, it stops growing and does not change the horn sheath.[5]
Life habits
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Arabian gazelles live in deserts, semi deserts, hills, mountains and coastal plains.Gazelles on the Farasan Island, Saudi Arabia, inhabit broken coral trenches and flat gravel areas.They usually appear at night, mainlyCyperus rotundusIt is for food and mainly obtains water from dew.[3]
Distribution range
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It is distributed in Iraq, Jordan, Kuwait, Oman, Qatar, Saudi Arabia, the Syrian Arab Republic, the United Arab Emirates and Yemen.
The total for 2008 is estimated at less than 12000.Oman: In the late 1990s, it was estimated that there were about 13000 animals, including 1500-1700 animals in Saudi Arabia with 10000 animals in Jiddat al Harasis, of which 1000 were in the Ferrarsan Islands, and more than half were in the Ferrarsan Kabir;There are no estimates available for Yemen, but they are often described here as rare.[3]
Oman has the largest number of species, which has been seriously poached for several years, and the suspected number has decreased significantly.By 2015, the estimated total number is far less than 10000 mature individuals.The rest of the "Arabian Gazelle" (regarded by some as a separate subspecies of Arabian Gazelle) decreased from 50 in 2012 to about 12 in 2013, and most of them were preserved in the fence reserve to protect them.The main threats faced by this species are illegal meat hunting and live capture of pets and private collections.Overgrazing is a factor in many areas of the region.[3]
