synonymChangyang County(Changyang County) generally refers to Changyang Tujia Autonomous County
Changyang Tujia Autonomous County, subordinate toHubei provinceYichang City。It is located in the southwest of Hubei ProvinceQingjiangMiddle and lower reaches, east connectedYidu City, westBadong County, arriving in the southWufeng Tujia Autonomous County , north and northeast intersectionZigui County、Yiling District、Military area commandWith a total area of 3430 square kilometers.[6]By 2020, Changyang Tujia Autonomous County has 8 towns and 3 townships under its jurisdiction.[16]In 2022, the registered population of Changyang County will be 375900.[10]
Western Han DynastyInitial stageShishan County；Sui Dynastythe name of a kalpaIn 588, it was named Changyang County;In 1984, the State Council approved the establishment of Changyang Tujia Autonomous County.[4]The terrain is high in the west and low in the east, and the terrain is complex.[5]genusSubtropical continental hot and humid summer climateThe climate is mild, humid and rainy, with no severe cold in winter and no intense heat in summer.[20]It is a national comprehensive pilot area for new urbanization[1]National Demonstration Area of National Unity and Progress[2]The protection and utilization of revolutionary cultural relics are divided into districts and counties.[8]In April 2020, the People's Government of Hubei Province approved Changyang County to withdraw from the poverty county list.[3]
In 2022, the gross regional product of Changyang County will be 19.551 billion yuan, an increase of 4.5% at comparable prices.Among them, the added value of the primary industry is 5.252 billion yuan, and the added value of the secondary industry is 4.596 billion yuan;The added value of the tertiary industry was 9.704 billion yuan, and the tertiary industrial structure was 26.86:23.51:49.63.[10]
Chinese name
changyang tujia autonomous county
Foreign name
Changyang Tujia Autonomous County
Alias
Changyang
area number
four hundred and twenty thousand five hundred and twenty-eight
In the middle Paleolithic, 185000 years old“Changyang Man Changyang man”They live in caves.In the late Neolithic Age, the leader of the Ba peopleLin JunHe became the leader of the tribal alliance and set up Pakistan.
Zhou set up the State of Bazi.During the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period, Changyang was the place where Ba and Chu fought.In the fifth year (316 BC) of Zhou Shenliangthe Qin stateIs extinguished.
In the 26th year of Qin Shihuang (221 BC), Qin Shihuang unified the six countries and implemented the system of prefectures and counties. The whole country was divided into 36 prefectures and Changyang belonged toQianzhong PrefectureorSundgau 。
Three countriesShishan County, first belonged to Shuhan, then to Wu, and belonged to JingzhouYidu County。
In the Western Jin Dynasty, it was first changed toXingshan County, found asShishan County, belonging to Yidu County, Jingzhou.Eastern Jin Dynasty, forShishan County, belonging to Yidu County, Jingzhou.
In the Southern Song DynastyShishan County, belonging to Yidu County, Jingzhou.Qi, forShishan County, belonging to Yidu County, Jingzhou.Beam, initiallyShishan County, post analysisYichang County(In the east of the county), it belongs to Yidu County, Yizhou.Chen,Shishan County(Midwest of the county), which belongs to Yidu County of Southern Jingzhou.
In the Northern Dynasties and the Zhou Dynasty, Yichang County (in the east of the county) was the Yidu County of Jiangzhou.Further analysisShishan CountyIn the west, Yanshui County (in the west of the county) and Zitian County are locatedTingzhou。
Sui Dynasty,Shishan CountyIt first belonged to Yidu County, Southern Jingzhou. In the eighth year of Emperor Kaihuang's reign (588), it was changed toShishan CountyChangyang CountyBokuju , leading Changyang, belongs to Jingzhou South County.In the 17th year of Emperor Kaihuang's reign (596), the state was abolished and the county belonged to Jingzhou Nanjun.
Yichang County first belonged to Jiangzhou Yidu County.In the fifth year of Emperor Kaihuang's reign (585), it was changed to Bashan County, which belongs to Jiangzhou Yidu County.In the 18th year of Emperor Kaihuang's reign (587), Jiangzhou was changed into Jinzhou, which belonged to Yidu County of Jinzhou.At the beginning of the great cause, the state was abandoned, belonging toTingzhouQingjiang County。
Yanshui County was formerly Zitian County of Tingzhou.At the beginning of the Emperor's reign, the capital of Tianjun was abolished, and it belonged to Tingzhou.At the beginning of the great cause, Tingzhou was changed intoYongzhou, looking for Qingjiang County.
Tang Dynasty, Changyang County, the first year of Wude (618), belongs to the southern county of Jingzhou.In the second year of Wude (619)beamYichang County (changed toYidu County）, Changyang County andSui DynastyYiling PrefectureYidao County is located in Jiangzhou, which is the chief administrative office of Xiazhou.In the third year of Wude (620), Jiangzhou was changed into Houxia Prefecture, and the county belonged to Houxia Prefecture.In the fourth year of Wude (621)Bokuju It also analyzes that Changshang is located in Bashan County and Yanshui County.In the eighth year of Wude (625)Bokuju , provincial salt water flows into Bashan County, Changyang and Bashan are changed into Dongsong Prefecture (changed from Jiangzhou in the 6th year of Wude), belonging toShannan RoadJingzhou Dudu Mansion.In the eighth year of Zhenguan period (634 years), Dongsong Prefecture was abolished, and Changyang and Bashan were changed to Qianxia Prefecture, which belonged to the governor's office of Jingzhou in the east of Shannan.In the first year of Tianbao (742), Changyang and BashanliYiling PrefectureIt belongs to the governor's office of Jiangling County, Shannan Dongdao.In the eighth year of Tianbao's reign (749), Bashan, Sichuan Province entered ChangyangYiling PrefectureIt belongs to the governor's office of Jiangling County, Shannan Dongdao.In the first year of the Qianyuan era (758), Lixia Prefecture was a provincial envoy in Jingnan, the eastern part of Shannan.
During the Five Dynasties, from the first year of Kaiping (907) to the September of the third year of Qianhua (913) in the Houliang Dynasty, Changyang County was subordinate to the Xiazhou Prefecture, a provincial envoy in Jingnan.In September of the third year of Qianhua Reign (913), Gao Jichang, the Jingnan envoy, was under the separatist regime, and Changyang was under the jurisdiction of the Xiazhou Prefecture of the Jingnan separatist regime;In the second year of Tongguang in the Later Tang Dynasty (924), Jingnan was changed to Nanping, and Changyang County was subordinate to the Xiazhou Prefecture of Nanping separatist regime;It is analyzed that Changyang County is located in Bashan County, and Changyang and Bashan are under the jurisdiction of Nanping separatist regime.
In the third year of Kaibao in the Song Dynasty (970), the capital of Zhili in Xiazhou was founded.In the eighth year of Kaibao (975), Bashan County, Sichuan Province, was a village under the jurisdiction of Yiling County.In the fourth year of the Taiping Revival (979), Changyang LiShannan East RoadXiazhou.In the fourth year of Xianping (1001), Changyang was subordinate to Hubei Luxia Prefecture of Jinghu.
Yuan, Changyang County, subordinated toHenan ProvinceJinghu Beidao Xiazhou Road.In the 14th year of Zhizheng era (1364), LiHunan, Guangdong and other provincesXiazhou Road.In September, it was changed to Zhili Prefecture, a provincial gorge prefecture in Hunan Province.
In the ninth year of Hongwu's reign in the Ming Dynasty (1376), Lihu Guangcheng announced that Jingzhou Prefecture, the political envoyYiling Prefecture。
In the second year of Shunzhi (1645) of the Qing Dynasty, Changyang County was subordinate toHu Guangcheng Announces the Political EnvoyYi (Yi) Lingzhou, Jingzhou Prefecture.In the sixth year of Kangxi's reign (1667), Hubei and Hunan were divided and subordinated to Hubei, Hubei, Hubei, Hubei, Hubei and other departments, which announced the political envoy.In the sixth year of Yongzheng's reign (1728), Hubei, Hubei, Hubei, Hubei, Hubei, Hubei, Hubei, Hubei, Hubei, Hubei, Hubei, Hubei, Hubei, Hubei, Hubei, Hubei, Hubei, Hubei, Hubei, Hubei, Hubei, Hubei, Hubei, Hubei, Hubei, Hubei, Hubei, Hubei, Hubei, Hubei, Hubei, Hubei, Hubei, Hubei, Hubei, Hubei, Hubei, Hubei, Hubei, Hubei.In the 13th year of Emperor Yongzheng's reign (1735), Li, Hu, Guang, Hubei and other officials announced the political envoyYichang Mansion。
At the beginning of the Republic of China, the establishment of prefectures was abolished, and Hubei was divided into Jianghan, Xiangyang, and Jingnan, with 69 counties under the jurisdiction of ChangyangJingnan Road。Later, it was divided into 11 and 8 administrative supervision districts in Hubei Province, and Changyang was the ninth and sixth supervision districts successively.
In June 1949, Changyang County Government was established in Jingmen.On July 18, Longzhouping was liberated and initially belonged to Yichang Prefecture.
In December 1958, the Administrative Office of Yichang District was revoked, and the Administrative Office of Yidu Industrial Zone was established, and Changyang was subordinate to the Administrative Office of Yidu Industrial Zone.
In May 1961, the Administrative Office of Yidu Industrial Area was revoked, and the Administrative Office of Yichang was re established. Changyang was changed to be subordinate to the Administrative Office of Yichang.
On July 13, 1984, Changyang County was abolished and Changyang Tujia Autonomous County was established, which is still under the administration of Yichang District.
In 1992, Yichang area and Yichang City were merged, and Changyang Tujia Autonomous County was subordinate to Yichang City.[5]
administrative division
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administrative division
In January 2001, Jinyangkou Town and Longzhouping Town were merged to establish Longzhouping Town.Machi Township and Duzhenwan Town were merged to establish Duzhenwan Town.Huangbaishan Township and Ziqiu Town were merged to establish Ziqiu Town.Leyuan Township and Langping Town were merged to establish Langping Town.Zhizheping Township and Yuxiakou Town were merged to establish Yuxiakou Town.[4]
Changyang Tujia Autonomous County is located in the transition zone from the eastern extension tail of the Cenozoic Yunnan Guizhou Plateau to the Jianghan Plain.The Sinian, Cambrian, Carboniferous, Ordovician Silurian, Devonian, Triassic Permian, Cretaceous Paleogene and Quaternary strata are exposed in the territory.The geological structure belongs to the west extension part of the east-west structural belt in the lower reaches of the Yangtze River.
The anticline extends in nearly east-west direction, the core is Sinian stratum, and the two wings are Cambrian Permian stratum.The upper part is marine carbonate rock structure, and the lower part is continental clastic rock formation, which is characterized by platform type sedimentary cover.[5]
topographic features
scenery
The terrain of Changyang is high in the west and low in the east.There are many shallow hills and valleys in the east, with gentle topographic relief. The normal pool level of Gaobazhou Reservoir is 80 meters, which is the lowest elevation.From east to west, the terrain gradually rises, and the west is mostly high mountains, steep and deep. The elevation of Bengjianzi in Duzhenwan Town is 2259.1 meters, which is the top of the county.
The three-dimensional landform is prominent, with overlapping mountains, rolling, ravines and uneven heights.According to the altitude, there are low mountain areas (relative height difference of 100 to 300 meters below 800 meters above sea level), semi high mountain areas (relative height difference of 400 meters above sea level of 800 to 1200 meters), and high mountain areas (relative height difference of 500 to 1000 meters above sea level of 1200 meters).
Except that the valley of Qingjiang River and its tributaries is relatively flat, the rest are between 600-2300m above sea level.Low mountains account for 30.6% of the total area, semi high mountains account for 46.1%, and high mountains account for 23.3%.The landform is complex. In addition to high mountains, semi high mountains, low mountains and hills, it also includes small and medium-sized geomorphic units such as river valleys, platforms, intermountain flat dams, trenches, alluvial cones, deep rock landforms, and karst depressions and caves.[5]
climate
ChangyangSubtropical continental hot and humid summer climateThe climate is mild, humid and rainy, with no severe cold in winter and no intense heat in summer.[20]The annual sunshine duration is 1500-1900 hours, the solar radiation is 96-102 kcal/cm2, the average annual rainfall is 1366.2mm, the average annual temperature is 16.5 ℃, and the frost free period is 250-290 days.
Changyang's climate is famous for its unique "three-dimensional" climate. The altitude of the whole county ranges from 48.7 to 2259.1 meters, making the climate distributed in a "three-dimensional" diversity.Low mountain and river valley areas (below 500 meters above sea level) are free of snow and frost all year round and rich in heat resources;Zhongshan (500-1200m above sea level) area is typicalTemperate climate, not too hot in summer, not too cold in winter;High mountains (above 1200 meters above sea level) are typicalCold Climate It is cold in winter, covered with ice and snow, and cool in summer.
The diversity of climate determines the diversity of crop growthAlpine climateThe agricultural products produced by it have the characteristics of off-season. "Huoshaoping Cabbage" is produced by taking advantage of the unique climatic characteristics of high mountainsOut of season vegetables。[5]
hydrology
ChangyangdiYangtze RiverUpstreamQingjiangThere are 85 small watersheds.According to the satellite remote sensing survey data of the whole province in 1999, the soil erosion area of the county is 1685 square kilometers, accounting for 49.12% of the total area of the county.[21]Qingjiang River, 148 kilometers across Changyang, is the second largest tributary of the Yangtze River in Hubei. There are 428 streams and rivers flowing into Qingjiang River.[22]
natural resources
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water resource
changyang tujia autonomous county
Changyang Tujia Autonomous County belongs to the Yangtze River system. In addition to the main stream of the Qingjiang River, there are 436 rivers, including 428 tributaries of the Qingjiang River (60 primary tributaries, 173 secondary tributaries, 141 tertiary tributaries, and 54 fourth tributaries).The average annual runoff of surface water is 3.126 billion m3, which is equivalent to 916 mm of runoff depth, and the average annual runoff is 427 m3/s.The theoretical reserve of hydropower is 1.76 million kilowatts.
There are 18 rivers with a drainage area of 100 square kilometers and above in Changyang, including 9 first class tributaries of Qingjiang River.The rivers in the territory are affected by the terrain and landform, with large slope and abundant hydropower, so the development potential of small hydropower is huge.Geheyan and Gaobazhou reservoirs formed by Qingjiang cascade development have a storage capacity of 4 billion cubic meters.[5]
The annual precipitation of Changyang is 4.5 billion cubic meters.The second largest tributary of the Yangtze RiverQingjiangIt flows 148 kilometers from west to east across the county, and 433 rivers and streams from north to south flow into Qingjiang River, with an average annual runoff of 427 m3/s.The theoretical reserve of water energy in the county is 1.58 million watts. Geheyan large-scale water conservancy project has been built. The total installed capacity of the power station is 1.2 million kilowatts, and the annual power generation is 3.04 billion kilowatt hours. The Qingjiang Channel is navigable for 300 ton ships.In addition, among the 433 rivers in the whole territory, there are 32 rivers with a drainage area of more than 5 square kilometers, and 17 rivers with a perennial flow of more than 0.5 second cubic meters. The theoretical reserve of small hydropower has reached 3.39 million kilowatts, and 34200 kilowatts have been opened.
land resource
In 2019, the total land area of Changyang Changyang Tujia Autonomous County was 341981.18 hectares, including 14578.81 hectares of state-owned land, accounting for 4.26%, and 327402.37 hectares of collective land, accounting for 95.74%.311897 hectares of agricultural land, accounting for 91.20% of the total land area;Construction land is 11187.32 hectares, accounting for 3.27%;Unused land is 5287.31 hectares, accounting for 1.55%.[5]
Biological resources
In 2019, the total area of forest land in Changyang Tujia Autonomous County was 260514.45 hectares, including 230812.84 hectares of natural forest and 19362.04 hectares of artificial forest.The forest stock is 13.6113 million cubic meters, and the forest coverage rate is 66.93%.State owned forest farm covers an area of 2311.09 hectares, including 1326.46 hectares of Tudiling Forest Farm, 708.05 hectares of Guanping Forest Farm and 276.58 hectares of Yinfeng Forest Farm.[5]
The wild mammals in Changyang Tujia Autonomous County include wild boar, wild sheep, porcupine, badger, muntjac, deer, monkey, civet, Zhiyou, otter, hare, tiger, leopard, etc.Domestic animals and poultry include pigs, cattle, sheep, chickens, ducks, rabbits, etc.Among them, West Hubei big black pig and Qingjiang white goat are local excellent breeds.
There are more than 70 kinds of economic fish in Changyang, including white beetle, black scale, carp, seasonal fish (Siniperca chuatsi), poplar fish, yellow bone, catfish, herring, maguddin, fish spoon, crucian carpSqualiobarbus curriculus, Monopterus albus, loach, Shaoweng, turtle, tortoise, rock frog.The rare and precious fish are: whitebait, American croaker, etc.
There are 561 species in 253 genera of 90 families in Changyang forest classification;The main varieties are pine, fir, oak, cypress and plane tree.There are still 28 kinds of rare ancient tree species in Machihe Paradise Primitive Forest Nature Reserve, such as Davidia involucrata, Metasequoia glyptostroboides, Shuiqing, Silver Que, Celestia mollissima, Torreya grandis, Cephalotaxus ironensis and Salix pumila.There are more than 850 kinds of medicinal plants, with an output of more than 40000 loads.
mineral resources
The discovered mineral resources in Changyang Tujia Autonomous County include coal, iron, manganese, lead, zinc, molybdenum, gold, silver, copper, phosphorus, mercury, bauxite, selenium, tellurium, geothermal, vanadium, ferrosulfide, wollastonite, calcite, barite, iceland stone, tourmalinelimestone, dolomite, ceramic clay, bentonite, mirabilite, etc.
Among them, there is one energy mineral (coal) and three ferrous metal minerals (iron, vanadium and manganese).187 mineral deposits, including 21 mineral reserves and 51 places of origin.By 2019, 58911 thousand tons of mineral resources have been identified.[5]
Changyang Tujia Autonomous County has more than 130 million tons of proven coal reserves, more than 70 proven mineral sites, more than 30 kinds of minerals, accounting for 57% of the minerals found in Hubei Province. It has rich mineral reserves, high grade, superior geological conditions, and is easy to explore and exploit.The main minerals discovered for mining and pre mining include coal, silica, limestone, barite, shale, manganese ore, iron ore, mercury ore, dolomite ore, pyrite, vanadium molybdenum ore, silver vanadium ore, lead zinc ore and phosphorus ore.
Among them, the geological reserves of coal are 137 million tons, and the main mining area is 250 square kilometers, suitable for medium and small scale mining.The geological reserves of silica are 182 million tons, the storage area is 340 square kilometers, the burial is shallow, and it can be opencast mined;The geological reserves of limestone are 1 billion tons.
The geological reserves of barite are 3.5 million tons, and the content of barium sulfate is more than 95%. With concentrated deposits, it is suitable for stripping mining.Manganese ore reserves are 37 million tons.Iron ore reserves are 548 million tons.[9]
population
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In 2022, the registered population of Changyang County will be 375900, with a total of 150807 households.The male population is 196975, and the female population is 178986.There are 1483 births and 3506 deaths in total.[10]
According to the data of the seventh population census, as of 0:00 on November 1, 2020, the permanent population of Changyang Tujia Autonomous County is 336922[23]。
Politics
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County Party Secretary: Li Zegang
County head: Tang Zuhong
As of December 2023[24][26]
Economics
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overview
In 2022, the gross regional product of Changyang County will be 19.551 billion yuan, an increase of 4.5% at comparable prices.Among them, the added value of the primary industry was 5.252 billion yuan, up 3.9%;The added value of the secondary industry was 4.596 billion yuan, up 5.2%;The added value of the tertiary industry was 9.704 billion yuan, up 4.5%.The three industrial structure is adjusted from 26.75:23.82:49.43 in 2021 to 26.86:23.51:49.63.The per capita GDP reached 61308 yuan, up 5.7%.[10]
Investment in fixed assets
In 2022, the investment in fixed assets of Changyang County will be 7.532 billion yuan, down 2.9%.The project investment was 6.814 billion yuan, down 15.74%;Investment in real estate projects was 718 million yuan, down 41.41%.By industry, the investment in fixed assets of the primary industry is 724 million yuan, the investment in fixed assets of the secondary industry is 2.736 billion yuan, and the investment in fixed assets of the tertiary industry is 4.072 billion yuan.In terms of the number of investment projects, 142 projects with a total investment of more than 50 million yuan were constructed this year.The sales area of commercial housing is 123688 square meters, up 2.65% year on year.
A total of 2655 mu of land and 3285 mu of forest land have been reported for approval, and the land area reported for approval has exceeded the comprehensive area of the previous six years.There were 83 newly signed, 114 newly started and 72 newly put into production projects, including 56 projects with an investment of more than 100 million yuan, 31 projects under construction and 25 projects put into production.The 1160 mu standard land in the National Industrial Park has been sorted out, the exhibition center has been officially completed, the construction of calcium carbonate science and technology industrial park, Tongji calcium source science and technology park and other projects has been accelerated, and the construction of Changyang tourism distribution center has officially started.[10]
finance
In 2022, the total financial revenue of Changyang County will be 868 million yuan, down 12%.The local general public budget revenue was 618 million yuan, an increase of 2.18%.Among the local general public budget revenue, tax revenue was 386 million yuan, down 5.78%.Local general public budget expenditure was 3.916 billion yuan, up 13.98%.[10]
primary industry
In 2022, the total output value of agriculture, forestry, animal husbandry and fishery in Changyang County will be 10.345 billion yuan, an increase of 8%.Of which, the agricultural output value was 6.092 billion yuan, up 4.9%;The forestry output value was 318 million yuan, up 12.76%;The output value of animal husbandry was 2.802 billion yuan, up 10.79%;The fishery output value was 322 million yuan, up 22.43%;The output value of agriculture, forestry, animal husbandry and fishery services was 812 million yuan, up 17.68%.
The total sown area of crops was 1149900 mu, an increase of 7700 mu.The grain planting area was 442200 mu, an increase of 3000 mu.The corn planting area was 266000 mu, down 5300 mu;The rice planting area was 14800 mu, an increase of 4000 mu;Oil planting area was 132000 mu, an increase of 2300 mu;The vegetable planting area is 373800 mu, an increase of 2300 mu;The tobacco leaf area is 5700 mu, an increase of 1700 mu.The orchard area is 142900 mu, an increase of 4000 mu.The area of citrus garden is 118400 mu, increasing by 2000 mu.The tea garden area was 158500 mu, down by 10000 mu.
The total grain output was 105292 tons, down 2.89%.The yield of summer grain was 23769 tons, up 1.56%.The wheat output was 2064 tons, up 2.47%.The output of autumn grain was 81496 tons, down 4.12%.The yield of corn was 69021 tons, down 4.84%.The rice yield was 7741 tons, up 2.48%.The total oil production was 15989.5 tons, up 5.34%.Among them, 12221 tons were rapeseed, up 6.29%.The output of tobacco leaves was 857 tons, up 24.58%.The output of citrus was 145168 tons, up 2.45%.The tea output was 7851 tons, down 0.14%.The output of vegetables was 889258 tons, up 0.53%.
628300 pigs were sold, up 11.53%;545900 goats were sold, up 13.68%;802400 poultry were released, down 5%.The total output of meat is 59777 tons, including 48741 tons of pork.The output of poultry eggs is 2557 tons, and the output of aquatic products is 7468 tons.[10]
the secondary industry
Industry
In 2022, there will be 62 industrial enterprises above designated size in Changyang County.The total output value of industries above designated size was 11.02 billion yuan, down 8.35%, including 5.441 billion yuan for heavy industry, accounting for 49.37%;Light industry amounted to 5.577 billion yuan, accounting for 50.61%.The added value of industries above designated size increased by 4.6%.The sales value of industrial products of large-scale industrial enterprises was 9.738 billion yuan, down 13.62%;The sales rate of industrial products is 88.4%.Total profits and taxes were 461 million yuan, down 28.16%.
The output of major products of industrial enterprises above designated size: 7132 low-voltage switch boards, up 35.8%;3191 tons of frozen aquatic products, up 26.1%;22595.4 tons of refined tea, down 2.8%;1087580.2 tons of cement, down 6.6%;Ferroalloy 66094.4 tons, down 6.6%;32716 cement concrete poles, down 8.1%;Portland cement clinker 1051397.1 tons, down 8.3%;18577 tons of steel structure, down 23%;5758 tons of cooked meat products, down 24.7%;828000 garments, down 33.1%;7.025 million optoelectronic devices, down 37.2%;1906 tons of refined edible oil, down 42.5%;Commercial concrete was 277951.9 cubic meters, down 74.9%.[10]
construction business
In 2022, the added value of Changyang County's construction industry will be 1.225 billion yuan, an increase of 7.7% at comparable prices.[10]
the service sector; the tertiary industry
Domestic trade
Geheyan Dam
In 2022, the total retail sales of consumer goods in Changyang County will be 8.152 billion yuan, up 3.7%.The total retail sales of consumer goods per unit above the designated size were 1.4 billion yuan, up 44.17%. By industry, the retail sales of wholesale industry were 213.669 million yuan, up 99.93%;The retail sales of the retail industry were 1107.303 million yuan, up 38.02%;The retail sales of accommodation industry was 31.132 million yuan, up 23.93%;The retail sales of catering industry was 47.69 million yuan, up 29.95%.The total retail sales of consumer goods per unit below the designated size were 6.752 billion yuan, down 2.77%.[10]
foreign trade
In 2022, the total import and export volume of Changyang County will be 972 million yuan, an increase of 34.5%.[10]
Travel?
In 2022, Qingyang Qingjiang won the title of "the most beautiful hometown river".Qingjiang waterway tourism passenger transport route has been included in the pilot program of featured cultural tour of domestic waterway tourism passenger transport boutique routes.Qingjiang Gallery won the title of "Demonstration Scenic Spot for the Development of Chinese Film and Tourism Culture Industry" and was selected as "Top 10 Most Beautiful Scenic Spots in Hubei".Changyang High pitched Folk Songs were unveiled at the opening ceremony of the Beijing Winter Olympics.The Museum of Origin Paradise of Davidia involucrata and Changyang Intangible Cultural Heritage Museum were officially opened.Successfully hosted the second "Hubei Folk Song Competition" and Wuling Song Festival.8324100 tourists were received, down 3.07%;Comprehensive income was 7.907 billion yuan, down 3.99%.[10]
Finance and Insurance
In 2022, the balance of deposits of financial institutions in Changyang County will be 23.818 billion yuan, an increase of 2.404 billion yuan over the beginning of the year.Among them, household deposits were 20.284 billion yuan, an increase of 2.816 billion yuan over the beginning of the year;The deposit of non-financial enterprises was 1.95 billion yuan, 340 million yuan less than the beginning of the year;Broad government deposits amounted to 1.567 billion yuan, down 78 million yuan from the beginning of the year.
The balance of various loans of financial institutions was 27.13 billion yuan, an increase of 3.637 billion yuan over the beginning of the year.Of which: household loan was 4.779 billion yuan, an increase of 186 million yuan over the beginning of the year;Loans to non-financial enterprises and institutions reached 22.351 billion yuan, an increase of 3.451 billion yuan over the beginning of the year.Among all loans, short-term loans were 2.769 billion yuan, 1.534 billion yuan less than the beginning of the year;Medium and long-term loans reached 23.247 billion yuan, an increase of 5.131 billion yuan over the beginning of the year.[10]
social undertakings
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education
As of 2019, Changyang Tujia Autonomous County has 81 schools of all levels and types.Among them, there are 40 kindergartens, 23 ordinary primary schools (862 full-time teachers), 16 ordinary middle schools (1163 full-time teachers), 1 vocational high school (197 full-time teachers), and 1 special school (19 full-time teachers), with 5472 children in the kindergarten.
There are 13177 students and 2407 graduates in ordinary primary schools.There are 10604 students and 3512 graduates in ordinary middle schools.There are 2896 students in secondary vocational schools, 907 graduates and 133 students in special education schools.
Science and technology
In 2019, 10 high-tech enterprises were declared in Changyang Tujia Autonomous County, of which 4 were newly declared and 6 were reviewed;A total of 15 million yuan was allocated for scientific research and technological transformation projects.A total of 39 million yuan of innovation fund loans were granted to 39 enterprises.It has won 2 major provincial science and technology projects and 1 national project, with a fund of 4.4 million yuan;A total of 5 municipal science and technology projects and 1 engineering technology research center have been won with a total of 1.45 million yuan of funds;More than 1 million yuan was spent on poverty alleviation through science and technology.It has planned to apply for 6 municipal science and technology projects and 1 municipal engineering technology research center.
Cultural undertakings
In 2022, there will be 2 cultural centers, 1 public library, 1 museum, 1 gymnasium, 1 film screening management organization, 2 radio stations and 8 television stations in Changyang County.There are 68 employees of art performance groups, 263 performances in China, and 330000 audiences in total.The total collection of public libraries is 758014 (including e-books).11640 sets of cultural relics in the museum.[10]
Sports
In 2022, Changyang County will have 8 full-time sports coaches, 448 referees at all levels, 3 sports events at or above the provincial level, 23 participants, 11 gold medals, 8 silver medals, and 1 bronze medal, and send one athlete to the provincial sports school.[10]
medical and health work
In 2022, there will be 243 health institutions in Changyang County, including 15 hospitals and health centers, 1 disease prevention and control center, and 1 maternal and child health hospital.There are 2311 health technicians, including 936 licensed doctors and assistant doctors, and 1018 registered nurses.Every thousand people have 8.69 beds in health institutions, and every thousand people have 7.25 health technicians.[10]
social security
In 2022, the basic endowment insurance for enterprise employees in Changyang County: 53084 people are insured by the basic endowment insurance for enterprise employees, including 38335 on-the-job employees, accounting for 72.2%;14749 retired, accounting for 27.8%.The total income of the Fund is 705.48 million yuan;The total fund expenditure was 704.71 million yuan.
Endowment insurance for old institutions (pilot): The pension insurance fund income of old institutions in this year is 7 million yuan, including 7 million yuan of county level financial subsidies.Endowment insurance of new government institutions (reform): 13458 people participated in the endowment insurance of new government institutions, 7736 of whom were on the job, accounting for 57.5%;5722 people retired, accounting for 42.5%.The total income of the Fund was 405.34 million yuan, up 90.06%;The total fund expenditure was 388.86 million yuan, an increase of 12%.
In 2022, Changyang County urban and rural residents' social endowment insurance fund: 231944 urban and rural residents' endowment insurance participants (Longzhouping: 34266, Gaojiayan: 13340, Moshi: 18327, Dayan: 22112, Duzhenwan: 33072, Yazikou: 14008, Huoshaoping: 5112, Yuxiakou: 23926, Hejiaping: 17948, Langping: 26262, Ziqiu: 23517),Among them, 86202 people enjoy treatment, accounting for 37.2%.The total income of the Fund was 208.42 million yuan, up 22.3%;The total fund expenditure was 147.95 million yuan, an increase of 17.4%.
Unemployment insurance fund: 23491 people participated in unemployment insurance, 453 people received unemployment insurance benefits, accounting for 1.93%.The total income of the Fund is 14.91 million yuan;The total fund expenditure was 11.97 million yuan.Industrial injury insurance fund: 24611 people participated in industrial injury insurance, 444 people enjoyed industrial injury insurance benefits, accounting for 1.8%.The total income of the Fund is 18.35 million yuan;The total fund expenditure was 18.24 million yuan.
30701 employees participated in the medical insurance, a decrease of 2386 over the previous year;The number of residents covered by medical insurance was 283442, 9713 fewer than the previous year.[10]
Transportation
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overview
Changyang Railway Station
In 2022, Changyang County will have a total mileage of 7200.699 kilometers, 526.747 kilometers of national and provincial roads, 6673.952 kilometers of rural roads, 210.3 kilometers of road density per 100 square kilometers, and 189 kilometers per 10000 people.The territory has 84.65 kilometers of expressways and 60.9 kilometers of railways.The total navigable mileage of inland waterways is 138.5 kilometers (half of boundary rivers), with 4 operational wharves and 43 ferries.There are 13 passenger stations, including 1 Class II passenger station and 12 Class V passenger stations.
Investment in transportation fixed assets was 984 million yuan, down 15.2%.The investment in the construction of ordinary roads is 739 million yuan, including 354 million yuan for the first class trunk roads in China, 172 million yuan for the second class roads, and 213 million yuan for rural roads.The logistics battlefield construction of 1.82 Changyang Port Area Geheyan Reservoir Area Ship Pollutant Recovery and Transfer Wharf (Facilities) Project and Changyang Port Area Geheyan Reservoir Area Tourism Wharf Project has been completed and put into use, with an investment of 63 million yuan, three new berths, and the Changyang Port Area Geheyan Reservoir Area Tourism Wharf has a capacity of 1.86 million person times/year.[10]
By 2019, Changyang Tujia Autonomous County has a total highway mileage of 7053.228 kilometers, a road network density of 205.63 kilometers/100 square kilometers, and 183.2 kilometers per 10000 people.There are two Chinese roads with a total length of 172.001 kilometers.There are 4 provincial roads, with a total length of 404.358 kilometers.There are 15 county roads with a total length of 4226 kilometers.The township road is 1334.726 km long.The mileage of hardened roads to villages is 3255.048 kilometers, and the rural road security mileage is 1714 kilometers.The whole train maintenance highway mileage is 576.359 kilometers.
There are 259 highway bridges (excluding Shanghai Chengdu Expressway) with length of 9458 linear meters.One super large bridge is 280 linear meters long, and 13 large bridges are 2045 linear meters long.There are 27 medium-sized bridges with 1244 linear meters.55 small bridges, 1206 linear meters long, and 5 highway tunnels (excluding expressway), 1069 meters long.
There are 11 townships (towns) and 154 administrative villages in the county, all of which are accessible by roads.The railway (Yichang Wanzhou Railway) is 60 kilometers long.Qingjiang Channel is 138.5 kilometers long, with 4 productive wharfs, 7 berths and 43 ferries.There are 13 passenger stations, including 1 secondary passenger station, 1 tertiary passenger station and 11 tertiary passenger stations.There are 149 waiting sheds (booths) and 240 waiting stations.[5]
By 2019, the total length of rural roads in Changyang Tujia Autonomous County was 6442.341 kilometers, including 422.596 kilometers of county roads, 1334.726 kilometers of township roads, 3225.048 kilometers of village hardening roads, and 1459.971 kilometers of substandard roads.
road transport
In 2019, the road transport passenger volume of Changyang Tujia Autonomous County was 2.9601 million person times, down 8.3% from 2018;Passenger transport turnover is 146365800 person kilometers, down 4.7% from 2018;The freight volume was 2.944 million tons, an increase of 23.7% over 2018;The freight turnover is 445.7705 million ton kilometers, an increase of 30% over 2018.
By 2019, Changyang Tujia Autonomous County had 1016 operating vehicles with 10248 seats, including 171 passenger cars and 3200 seats;560 trucks;102 buses with 6130 seats;183 taxis, including 86 cars and 97 planes.There are 11 highway passenger transport enterprises (Zhongwudang Tourism Company, Tongtong, Jiangnan, Qingjiang, Anda, Hongyang, Limin, and Dushun Passenger Transport Company, Transportation Changyang Passenger Transport Company, Urban Bus Passenger Transport Company, and Ping'an Taxi Passenger Transport Company), and 97 operating lines.
Among them, there are 3 inter city lines (Changyang Wuchang, Shashi, Jingmen), 16 inter county lines, and 78 intra county lines.There are two automobile driver training schools (Hongyang Driving School and Luxiang Driving School).13 motor vehicle maintenance enterprises above Class II.There is one urban public transport company (Changyang Urban Public Transport Co., Ltd.), with 102 vehicles and 6130 seats.There are 8 bus lines.[5]
waterway
Waterway transportation
As of 2019, Changyang Tujia Autonomous County has 293 ships of all kinds, including 27 passenger ships, 192 passenger ferries and 74 cargo ships.4 ports: 2 passenger terminals and 2 freight terminals, with a total length of 750 meters and 7 berths;43 ferries, including 36 pedestrian ferries;3 tourist ferry terminals;There are 4 bus crossings, including 3 township bus crossings and 1 highway bus crossing.
The passenger volume of waterway transportation was 2.2854 million person times, up 7.5% year on year;The passenger turnover volume was 103218100 person kilometers, up 226% year on year.162 ships were inspected, with a gross tonnage of 6918, a gross power of 4833.42 kilowatts, and 5037 passengers.61 ships with defective life-saving equipment were corrected.[5]
Changyang is known as the "hometown of singing and dancing",Changyang Folk Song、Changyang Nanqu、Bashan DanceIt is known as the "Three Treasures of Changyang Culture", and the "Three Treasures of Changyang Cultural Industry" are rare stones, bonsai and root art.Changyang Bashan Dance once won the gold medal of "Star Award" in the national square dance competition, and the large-scale Tujia marriage folk song and dance drama "Tuliba People" once won the national“Five One Project Award”。In 2006, Tujia "Sayer Ho" was selected into the first national intangible cultural heritage protection project, and won the Star Award in the 14th National Square Dance Competition in 2007.Changyang folk songs, Nanqu, Changyang Haocao Luogu and Duzhenwan stories were included in the first batch of provincial intangible cultural heritage protection lists.In 2008, "peasant brothers" from Changyang CountyWang AiminWang Aihua and Miao girls formed a group called "Tu Miao Brothers and Sisters", which won the gold medal in the original singing style of the 13th CCTV Youth Singer Awards.
Changyang Folk Song
Folk musical instrument performance
Changyang Folk SongWith its rich singing content, flexible singing form and loud, enthusiastic and unrestrained singing style, it is known as the "Three Treasures" of Changyang Culture together with Nanqu and Bashan Dance.Changyang folk songs mainly include labor songs and love songs.Labor songs are produced in labor and sung in labor.Different labor styles and natural environments form different styles of labor songs.For example, Qingjiang boatmen and platoon workers have powerful chants, and field weeding has gongs and drums.When singing, two or three or four people will play gongs and drums in accordance with certain tunes in the field while singing with the field hoers. However, the singing content and order are flexible, without strict regulations, and most of them are improvised.Changyang's folk songs have many forms of singing, such as solo singing, duet singing, one person leading others and so on.
Five sentence folk songIt is a particularly developed style in Changyang folk songs and folk songs, with seven words and five sentences as the basic pattern, five sentences as a paragraph, and one paragraph as an independent chapter.There are also several paragraphs with five sentences (the longest is 32 paragraphs), which are called "catch up with five sentences" or "Paizi song".The fifth sentence of a five sentence folk song is often the sublimation of artistic conception and the place of artistic interest, so there is a saying that "five sentences of a five sentence folk song are simple, four sentences are easy and five sentences are difficult".Therefore, the fifth sentence requires that the fourth sentence should be able to end, and the fifth sentence should be able to stand out and make the finishing point.
opera sung in southern tunes
opera sung in southern tunesIt is also called "Sixian Class".It is an ancient local tune in Hubei, with rich lyrics and beautiful tunes.Before liberation, this song gradually declined. Many people only knew the name of Nanqu, but did not hear the sound of Nanqu.From 1961 to 1964, the provincial, special and county cultural authorities successively organized special teams to dig and sort out Nanqu, interviewed more than 60 old Nanqu artists, collected more than 140 traditional repertoires (not including the same repertoire but different words), 32 qupai, and there are still [water hyacinth], [fire hyacinth], [shoulder jade] and other qupai. The old artists only know their names, but their singing is lost.Nanqu is mainly spread in Changyang and Wufeng. According to the analysis of words, it has similarities with other types of music, but it has unique points. Although it is not native, it is quite combined with Changyang local language and folk songs. Because it was first excavated and sorted out by Changyang, it is named Changyang Nanqu.It has been loaded into the Quyi Dictionary.
Bashan Dance
Bashan DanceOriginating in Changyang Tujia Autonomous County, it is a national dance developed and innovated on the basis of the traditional folk song and dance of Tujia, "Dance Sayer Ho".
From funeral dance to Changyang Bashan dance is a useful attempt to carry forward the excellent national cultural tradition.Bashan Dance boldly liberates the funeral dance from the dead, and changes the ritual dance into the mass self entertainment dance, giving it new life.In terms of structure, it broke the boundaries of many old programs and popular areas of the original funeral jumping, absorbed the essence of various places, refined and implemented comprehensive utilization, and reorganized it into six categories, including "Bashan Rock", "Half Moon", "Sihe", "Wind Swing Willow", "Double Dragon Swing Tail", and "Magpie Climbing Branch".Their movements and postures are different, but they all have the characteristics of body shaking up and down and crotch swaying from side to side.
The original taboo of Tujia custom is that "women dance in mourning, and their families die", but Bashan dance adapts to the characteristics of self entertaining collective dance, requiring men and women to pair up, with slightly different movements between men and women, which not only changes the dance temperament, but also adds new colors.
In order to eliminate its funeral flavor in music, Bashan Dance only retains the distinctive rhythm and distinctive drumbeats of the original dance funeral, selects the folk songs and folk songs that are familiar to the local people and match the dance mood as the keynote, properly develops them, and adds string music accompaniment. The dance music still has strong national characteristics and local color.[28]
In 2001, Bashan Dance was recognized by the General Administration of Sport of the People's Republic of China as a national fitness dance and promoted nationwide.[27]
Four Kinds of Tujia Tea
Four courses of teaIt has a unique metaphor.A course of tea --“Tins of tea”, used to entertain daily visitors.Second course tea——Egg teaIt is used to entertain "Gaga guests".That is to say, after adding children at home, egg tea will be served when the whole "Zhu Rice Wine" is finished.Three courses of tea - Yinmi tea is used before wedding banquet.Four courses of tea, crisp tea soup, are used to keep warm in winter.
Xilankapu
XilankapuIt can be traced back to the ancient Ba people.As the ancestors of the Tujia nationality, the ancient Ba people were not only engaged in agricultural production, but also good at weaving. Their "silkworm and hemp" became tribute.Therefore, "Yu met the dukes in Kuaiji, held the jade and silk in all countries, and Bashu went there." ("Records of Huayang State · Records of Bashu") During the Qin and Han Dynasties, the textile industry in the Tujia nationality area developed, and the "cloth" he worked for became a famous tribute.During the Three Kingdoms period, under the decision of Zhuge Liang of the Shu State that "people are poor and the country is empty, and the enemy is not the only one who can rely on the brocade", the people in the Tujia nationality area gradually mastered the advanced dyeing technology of the Han nationality and wove colorful "Tujin".During the Tang and Song Dynasties, with the increase of economic exchanges between the Tujia nationality area and the Han nationality, the textile industry in the Tujia nationality area has further developed, and the social ethos of "women are diligent in weaving, and more households are vocal" has emerged.After the reform of the land, the pick weaving skill of the Tujia Xilankapu was further improved, especially for the Tujia girls. It was not convenient for them to practice the pick weaving skill with their mothers. When the girls grew up and got married, they must also have their own Xilankapu works woven by themselves as accompaniment to the wedding, so this process can be promoted.
House filling
“House filling”It is a popular remarriage custom in China, but there are several special relationship filling customs in western Hubei: one is "uncle and sister-in-law", that is, after the death of his brother, his single brother (sister-in-law calls his brother "brother-in-law") can marry his sister-in-law.In the Houhe area of Changyang, there are different customs, regarding the marriage custom of "uncle and sister-in-law" as improper;The second is "the elder brother is the younger brother". The elder brother refers to the elder brother, and the younger brother refers to the younger brother's wife, that is, when the younger brother dies, a single brother can marry the younger brother's wife;The third is "sister died and sister succeeded", that is, the married sister died, and her sister can marry her brother-in-law.
No size after three days of marriage
On both sides of the Qingjiang River, father-in-law and daughter-in-law, brother and sister-in-law are on guard with each other at ordinary times. They have different meals, travel different routes, sit on different benches, and do not answer each other. Otherwise, they will make people laugh.However, within three days of marriage, there is no such taboo. My father-in-law and brother in law can participate in the new house. They can beg for cigarettes and sugar from the new girl, and they can tell each other jokes and fight with each other.This is the so-called "three days without size" rule.The new daughter-in-law will not do housework or go down to the kitchen within three days, just like the guests. After the "three days kitchen", she can't be casual. She will do everything according to the family education she received in her mother's room.This custom still remains in western Hubei today.
Incense Burner Stone SiteIt is located on the north bank of the Qingjiang River, 0.5 km southeast of Yuxiakou Town, Changyang Tujia Autonomous County, western Hubei, 97 km east of Changyang County, and in the middle reaches of the Qingjiang River.The site is high in the northeast and low in the southwest, in a slope shape, facing the Qingjiang River in the southwest, about 30 meters below the Qingjiang River.The geographical environment is very unique, and it is a typical riverside cottage type cultural site.The site was discovered in 1983, covering an area of more than 30000 square meters, but the area with more relics exposed is only more than 700 square meters.In 1988, 1989, and 1995, three archaeological excavations were carried out, and a total of more than 400 square meters were excavated in the central area of the site. Nearly 10000 pieces of stone, pottery, bone and bronze artifacts from the Xia, Shang, and Zhou dynasties and a batch of Ba tombs from the early Shang dynasties were obtained.A large number of oracle bones from the Shang and Zhou dynasties and two pottery seals (seals) from the late Shang and early Zhou dynasties were also found.
Related books
changyang tujia autonomous county
The Series of Ba Tu Culture (the second series) and the Series of Original Tujia Literature have a total of 20 volumes and more than 4.5 million words. These vivid words tell about the hardships and twists experienced by the ancient "Changyang people", the Ba people, and the modern Tujia people, and uncover a number of "eternal mysteries".The Series of Ba Tu Culture, with its connotation throughout the ancient and modern times, involves the history, cultural heritage and development of the Tujia people in Changyang, and is an all-round interpretation of the history and humanistic spirit of the Tujia people.The full set of "Series" is about 3 million words, including "Lin Jun", "Changyang Chieftain Origin Research", "Ba Region Research", "Ba People Origin Research", "Village Space and Folk Narrative Logic", "Changyang Modern Military History", "Changyang Celebrity Biography"《Tujia Sayer Ho》10 volumes.Among them, Changyang Literature and Art Collection (preliminary edition) and Changyang Literature and Art Collection (sequel) are a collection of cultural and artistic materials in the history of Changyang since the Ming and Qing dynasties.
The Original Series of Tujia Literature is a "literary history biography" that records the survival status of Ba people's descendants from multiple perspectives and deeply expresses the spirit of Tujia people's times.It consists of 10 volumes, including Lao Bazi, Ba People's First King, The Story of Huang Xueru, Tianheping Archives, Wangyangzhuang, Beloved Family, Follow the Sun, Voiceless Shouting, On schedule, Children and Kites, with about 1.5 million words.Among them, "Tujia Fable King"Xiao GuosongLaobazi, a long narrative epic of Tujia nationality, is composed of 23 chapters, 14000 lines and about 700000 words, covering the origin of Tujia nationality, historical heroes, major festivals, folk customs and origin legends.
Since the 1990s, Hubei Province has stepped up the development of the Qingjiang River basin. The unique landscape of "one dam (Geheyan Dam) and two reservoirs (Geheyan Reservoir and Gaobazhou Reservoir)" has been formed in Changyang. The Qingjiang River has become a cascade lake stretching for hundreds of kilometers, which is connected with ShennongjiaWudang MountainThe Three Gorges along the Yangtze River are equally famous, and it is also known as the four first-class tourist resource areas in Hubei.Changyang Qingjiang Gallery Tourist Resort is a national 5A tourist attraction, and Changyang is named "Hubei Tourism Strong County".
Changyang's tourism resources are distributed linearly along the Qingjiang River, and are composed of rich natural resources and special human resources.QingjiangThe completion of Geheyan and Gaobazhou hydropower stations in the middle and lower reaches has created 200000 mu of water surface and 108 islands in Changyang, which shows the natural landscape of "high gorge leads to flat lake".There are many mountains, caves and hot springs in the county. The forest coverage rate is more than 65%, and there are more than 1400 kinds of plants. Among the 74 basic tourism resource types listed in the "China Tourism Census Specifications", there are 45 types in 6 categories in Changyang.Changyang Man Site, Baidao Lake of Qingjiang River, Tianzhu Mountain of Zhongwudangwuluozhongli mountain 、Machi Ancient VillageBawang Cave, Incense Burner Stone YichengYanchi Hot SpringAs well as the long inherited Ba Tu culture and folk customs, Changyang's tourism resources feature.Nine characteristics have been formedResource Scenic SpotChangyang folk customs include legends, wind and percussion music, wedding wailing songs, grass pulling gongs and drums, flower drums, Tujia cuisine, etc.Nine characteristic resource scenic spots have been formed, which is an important part of Yichang's "One Body and Two Wings" tourism sector.
Changyang Qingjiang Water Conservancy Scenic Spot
Changyang Qingjiang River Water Conservancy Scenic Spot is located in Changyang Tujia Autonomous County, Yichang City, Hubei Province, above Geheyan Dam, on both banks of the Qingjiang River, at east longitude 111 ° 10 ′ 38 ″ to 110 ° 22 ′ 30 ″, and north latitude 30 ° 23 ′ 13 ″ to 30 ° 31 ′ 11 ″.
It starts from Zhoujiawan, Huaqiao Town, Moshi Town in the east, ends at Longchi Village, Yuxiakou Town in the west, ends at Guanping Forest Farm, Tianzhu Mountain Scenic Area in the north, and ends at Xiwan Village, Duzhenwan Town in the south, with a total area of 329.445 square kilometers.The overall water quality of the reservoir area reaches the national Class II water quality standard, and the drinking water quality reaches the standard rate of 100%.[19]
Qingjiang Gallery Scenic Area
Reflection gorge
Qingjiang Gallery Scenic AreaIt is a national AAAAA scenic spot and a national forest park. In 2008, it was awarded the top ten emerging brands of national cultural tourism.Changyang is the birthplace of Ba people, the cradle of Tujia people, and the hometown of "Changyang people".Qingjiang River was called "Yishui" in ancient times. The Shuijingzhu said: "Yishui River is called Qingjiang River because of its clear water color, sand and stone.".The total length of Qingjiang River basin is 428 kilometers."The 800 li Qingjiang River is picturesque, and the 300 li Gallery is in Changyang".[11]
wuluozhongli mountain
wuluozhongli mountain
wuluozhongli mountain Also known as Yushan, it is 25km away from the gate of Qingjiang Gallery.The whole mountain is like a lake, with the main peak at 397.5m above sea level.Lin Jun, the leader of Ba people, was born here.Xiangwang Temple is high in the sky, worshiping the statue of Linjun;The stone altar is dedicated to two natural oval stone tools, marking the traces of ancient Ba's reproductive worship;Yannvyan looks like a young woman of Tujia nationality, and is said to be the incarnation of Lin Jun's wife, the goddess of salt water;The White Tiger Hall is built near the water, which truly shows the history of the unearthed family;The wooden gate is hung with a plaque of "the origin of the nation".[12]
Reflection gorge
30 ° north latitude island
Reflection gorgeThe scenic spot is the first major scenic spot to enter the Qingjiang Gallery Scenic Area, which is located on the north side of Geheyan Dam.Its gorge is 5km long, with quiet water and secluded valleys, steep mountains and paintings everywhere.She is famous for the reflection scenery of "fish swimming in branches and birds sleeping in water".The rocks on both banks form a unique natural rock landscape.The mountains are covered with green trees, swaying shadows, gurgling springs and flowing back water. It is a beautiful place that combines mountains, water, gorges, caves, and trees into a whole, full of natural and simple atmosphere.Its landscape is Qingjiang Grand Foshan, a natural Maitreya Buddha, 278 meters high and 144 meters wide at the bottom, twice the size of Leshan Grand Buddha in Sichuan.There are peacocks opening the Pingshan Mountain, which are lifelike and magnificent.Reflecting Gorge is the highlight of Qingjiang Gallery.[13]
30 ° north latitude island
Located in Huaqiao Village, Moshi Town, Changyang Tujia Autonomous County, Hubei Province, the 30 ° north latitude island is named after the 30 ° north latitude line passing through the hinterland of the island, with an area of more than 500 mu.[14]
Mount Tianzhu
Mount Tianzhu
Tianzhu Mountain is located on the north bank of Qingjiang River in Changyang Tujia Autonomous County, 37 kilometers away from the county seat.It is a religious pilgrimage tourist area characterized by Taoist culture and dangerous mountains and valleys, corresponding to the birthplace of Tujia nationality - Wuluo Zhongli Mountain, which is far from north to south.Tianzhu Mountain - Zhongwudang is 1445 meters above sea level, facing Qingjiang Reservoir in the south, the Three Gorges of the Yangtze River in the north, and surrounded by mountains.[15]
ChangyangyouWestern HubeiThe best preserved revolutionary site group - the revolutionary site of Machi Soviet Area.Marshal He Long went to Changyang five times to guide the revolution and established one of the earliest revolutionary regimes in western Hubei.Li XunLi Zijun, Li Buyun and other revolutionary pioneers led Tujia people to launch the famous "Xiwan Uprising" in the history of Chinese revolution, and created the first red armed force in the national minority areas, the Sixth Army of the Chinese Workers' and Peasants' Revolutionary Army.In 2009, the county party committee and government officially launched the scenic spot in accordance with the 4A standard“Machi Ancient Village”Scenic area construction.Over the past four years, a total of more than 20 million yuan has been invested to repair and protect the four revolutionary sites of "Changyang County Committee of the Communist Party of China", "Changyang County Soviet Government", "Changyang County Military Committee" and "Changyang County Women's Committee", rebuild the military headquarters of the "Sixth Red Army", expand and transform the Machi Xiwan tourist road, build Li Buyun Stele Pavilion, Changyang Revolutionary War History Exhibition HallThe Helong Square and other scenic spots have completed the construction of supporting infrastructure such as tourist docks and parking lots, renovated nearly 100 Tujia houses, and collected and exhibited more than 300 pieces of revolutionary cultural relics scattered among the people, such as the soil guns and oak tree guns used by the Red Guards.On December 19, 2012,Qingjiang GalleryThe tourist resort has received a letter from the Landscape Quality Rating Committee of the National Tourism Administration, confirming that the scenic spot has become aNational 5A Tourist Attraction。
Local specialty
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Changyang's main famous specialties include Qingjiang fish, Yansongping citrus, Huoshaoping mountain pollution-free vegetables, tea, tobacco, Ziqiu Angelica, Ziqiu papaya, hemp seeds, eucommia ulmoides, yellow cypress, gardenia fruit, tung tree, Chinese tallow, citrus, raw lacquer, Gaojiayan root art bonsai, etc.Among them, the area of papaya has reached 16800 mu, with an annual output of 1000 tons, accounting for more than 70% of the national wrinkled papaya;The planting area of Angelica pubescens is 5000 mu, with an annual output of 250 tons;Gardenia covers an area of 20000 mu, and the output of pollution-free pure natural gardenia yellow pigment reaches 35 tons.
Qingjiang whitebait
Due to the completion of Geheyan and Gaobazhou hydropower stations in the middle and lower reaches of the Qingjiang River, 200000 mu of water surface has been formed.The water quality and environment of Qingjiang River are suitable for the growth of whitebait.Qingjiang whitebait is a kind of fish introduced from Taihu Lake. Its adult body length is generally 90-200mm, and its maximum body length is 224mm.Qingjiang whitebaitIt is a larger species of whitebait family, with delicate meat and delicious taste. It is rich in protein, fat, carbohydrate, calcium, phosphorus, niacin, vitamins and other nutrients. It is known as the king of freshwater fish, and has the functions of "diuresis, lung moistening, and cough relieving".The carrying capacity of whitebait in Changyang Qingjiang Reservoir can reach 1050 tons, which can achieve an annual income of more than 20 million yuan and create a tax revenue of 5 million yuan.
Qingjiang Ponkan
Qingjiang Ponkan, a specialty of Changyang Tujia Autonomous County, Yichang City, Hubei Province, and a national geographical indication of agricultural products.
Qingjiang Ponkan is originally produced on both sides of the Qingjiang River valley in Changyang Tujia Autonomous County. It has eight trigrams wrinkled, golden toad skin like face, ugly and beautiful, so it is also called "Qingjiang Ugly Citrus".Qingjiang Ponkan orange has regular shape, bright color, sweet and delicious taste, and does not burn. It contains more than 10 kinds of amino acids and many minerals, especially corn quality, vitamins and carotene, with high nutritional value.[17]
On July 28, 2014, the former Ministry of Agriculture approved the protection of agricultural products with geographical indications for "Qingjiang Ponkan Citrus".
Huoshaoping Baoercai
Huoshaoping Baoercai, a specialty of Changyang Tujia Autonomous County, Hubei Province, and a national geographical indication product of China.
Changyang County is located in the middle and lower reaches of the Qingjiang River in the southwest of Hubei Province. The Yunnan Guizhou Plateau extends to the east at the tail, and extends to the territory from the southwest to the northeast of the branch of the Wuling Mountains in the Nanling Shimen.The territory has undulating mountains, ravines, high in the west and low in the east.High mountain areas show plateau landform, with wide cultivated land and fertile soil. The climate is short in winter and Changchun, with large temperature difference between day and night. The sunshine is foggy, cold and humid.The special climate and geographical conditions make Huoshaoping Baoercai tender, crisp and sweet, and its quality is very good.
On June 8, 2012, the former AQSIQ approved the implementation of geographical indication product protection for "Huoshaoping Baoercai".[18]
Qingjiang Strange Stone
Qingjiang Strange Stone
Qingjiang Strange Stone, gestated in the 800 mile Qingjiang River.According to Professor Liu Shifan, the chief editor of Fossils, an expert from the Institute of Vertebrate Paleontology and Paleoanthropology of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, in his article "Where does the Yangtze River originate from?", Qingjiang River and other tributaries began in the Triassic of the Mesozoic era, that is, the Schematic Diagram of the Inclined Changes of the Zodiac in Two Macro Years in Geological History, drawn by Professor Xu Qinqi of Peking University, 170 million to 80 million years agoIt can be seen from the above that the second macro year in the geological history was when the water flowed westward. A major orogenic movement about three thousand years ago in the Oligocene of the Tertiary in the Cenozoic era changed the Qingjiang River from west to east, and the formed Wuling Mountain veins ran through the ancient "Changyang".The internal geological process of Qingjiang River and the external geological process such as wind, rain, glacier and temperature gradually wash the mountain rocks into strange stones with thousands of postures.
Qingjiang Mutton Sheep
Qingjiang Mutton Sheep
Changyang Tujia Autonomous County is“yichang white goat ”The central production area has the largest natural grassland in central and southern China, with a developable grassland area of 530000 mu and a large livestock carrying capacity.In 1997, Changyang was included in one of the project counties of the national "Qingjiang River Valley Commodity Meat Sheep Production Base".In 2002, the county raised 309000 goats, sold 170500 goats, and earned 30.12 million yuan.Imported from New ZealandBoer GoatAnd cross with local white goats to form Qingjiang mutton sheep with strong growth advantages and unique characteristics.Introduction of artificial planting from SichuanPennisetum hydridum(One mu can produce 5 tons of bamboo grass), which can be eaten by 10 sheep.The county has planted 10000 mu of royal bamboo grass, built 20000 cubic meters of ammoniation pits, and built 180000 square meters of goat pens.
Bonsai root art
Bonsai root art
Changyang Tujia Autonomous CountyRoot potted landscape, mainly withGaojiayan TownIs representative.The production of root art potted landscape in Gaojiayan Town started in 1981. After more than 20 years of development, it has formed a professional market of root art potted landscape with Baiguoping in Gaojiayan Village as the center and nearly 2000 meters along National Highway 318.There are more than 50 farmers engaged in the production of potted landscape root art in Gaojiayan Village.The first level protected varieties of bonsai are mainly ginkgo biloba, small leaf Chinese mosquito mother and taxus chinensis;The second level protection varieties include Zhonghua Mosquito Mother, Butt Butt White wax, Davidia involucrata, Hehuayuanmu and Lagerstroemia indica.The superior varieties are characterized by flowering, fruit bearing, small leaves and evergreen all the year round, mainly including Jintanzi, Torch, Aita, Jumu, Azalea, Shuila, Chilan, etc.Gaojiayan bonsai root artdistylium chinense Mainly, the products are mainly sold to Wuhan, Jingsha, Yichang and other places, and some are exported to Guangzhou, Shanghai, Beijing and other places, with an annual sales of 2.5 million yuan.43 people in the village have been recruited as members of Hubei Bonsai Root Art Association.CCTV and Hubei TV have reported the bonsai root art in Gaojiayan Town for many times.In 2000, senior officials from the Ministry of Agriculture of 14 Southeast Asian countries visited Changyang.
Jinfuhong Gardenia
Jinfuhong Gardenia is the fruit of Gardenia jasminoides, an evergreen shrub of Rubiaceae family.Duzhenwan Town of Changyang Tujia Autonomous County is the hometown of "Jinfuhongzhi". Because of its unique geographical environment and the use of farmyard manure in planting methods, the fruit has good texture and contains high nutrients and pigment rates.Gardenia fruit is divided into mountain gardenia, yellow gardenia and water gardenia.In the medical use, it has the health care effects of clearing away heat, diminishing inflammation, hemostasis, cholagogic and lowering blood pressure.Gardenia fruit is solid and fresh, called water gardenia, which is mainly used to extract food pigment.Gardenia is also an excellent green nursery stock, with bright and brilliant gardenia flowers.Jinfuhongzhi base is mainly distributed in Changyangdu Zhenwan and Yazikou towns.Yangzheping Village, Wanzhen Town, Duzhen Town has now been built into a professional village of gardenias, with an area of 1200 mu.By the end of 2002, Changyang had built an area of 20000 mu of gardenia fruits.Among them, the beneficiary area is 10000 mu, and the annual output of fresh gardenia is 5 million kg.This alone brings in more than 10 million yuan of income for local farmers every year.
chaenomeles speciosa
chaenomeles speciosa
Papaya belongs to Rosaceae, and it is the fruit of the flowering crabapple“chaenomeles speciosa ”It is the product formed by fruit processing."Ziqiu wrinkled papaya" has few seeds, good color and wrinkled skin, which has unique medicinal value and health care function.It is a traditional precious Chinese medicinal material. Many medical materials such as Compendium of Materia Medica have records about "Ziqiu wrinkled papaya".According to the laboratory analysis, "Ziqiu wrinkled papaya" contains a lot of organic acids, vitamins and a variety of proteases, which has the effects of calming the liver and tendons, harmonizing the kidney and resolving dampness, anti inflammation and bacteriostasis, and reducing blood lipids."Ziqiu wrinkled papaya" is widely used in clinical formula to produce Miaoji pillsPapaya bolus, Fengluotong Tablets, Guci Xiaotong Liquid, ginseng and papaya wine, as well as papaya skin care products, papaya soap, facial cleanser, bath gel and other cosmetics and bath products.
Qingjiang Famous Tea
Changyang is surrounded by clouds and mist, with sufficient rainfall and mild climate.After the completion of Geheyan Dam on the Qingjiang River, many lakes have been formed, which has warmed the climate around the reservoir area, increased cloud weather, unique climate and suitable soil environment, and formed the excellent inner quality of Qingjiang tea, which is strong in tenderness, rich in amino acids, fragrant, fresh and sweet, and durable in brewing."Shishan Mingfeng" and "Shishan Gongzhen" won the first prize of the national "Chinese Tea Cup";"Jing'an Yijian", "Fog Chongjian Hao", "Fog Chongming Mingfeng" won the "Medium Tea Cup" quality award;"Liulin Sword", "Tianzhu Yuye" and "Yushan Jianhao" won the gold medal of "Hubei Tea Cup" in Hubei Province.[9]
Honors won
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On December 7, 2016, Changyang Tujia Autonomous County was listed as the third batch of national new urbanization comprehensive pilot areas.[1]
The seventh batch of national unity and progress demonstration areas (units).[2]
On March 6, 2019, the Propaganda Department of the Central Committee, the Ministry of Finance, the Ministry of Culture and Tourism, and the State Administration of Cultural Heritage determined the list of the first batch of districts and counties for the protection and utilization of revolutionary cultural relics. Changyang Tujia Autonomous County is located in the western part of Hunan and Hubei.[8]
In September 2021, it was selected into the "2021 China's Most Beautiful County List".[25]
