1. Soluble in hydrochloric acid, sulfuric acid and dilute nitric acid.Fuming nitric acidIt can make iron "passivated" and produce a layer of oxide film on the surface to prevent it from continuing to dissolve in acid.Insoluble in cold water, hot water, alkali, ethanol and ether.Production personnel shall wear work clothes, dust masks and other labor protection appliances.The production equipment shall be sealed, the workshop shall be well ventilated, and attention shall be paid to dust prevention.
2. The transition point of silver white metal [body centered cubic (α, δ), face centered cubic (γ)], α, γ is 911 ℃.Soluble in dilute hydrochloric acid, dilute sulfuric acid and dilute nitric acid, concentrated nitric acid or cold concentrated sulfuric acid can passivate iron.It is an excellent reducing agent.Iron containing impurities rusts slowly in humid air, and is easy to rust in acid mist or humid air containing halogen vapor.Dense block iron does not react with oxygen in dry air at 150 ℃, but forms when it is burned to 500 ℃Ferric tetroxide, continue to heat up to formFerric oxide。At about 570 ℃, it reacts with water vapor to generate ferric oxide and hydrogen.When heated, it can react with halogen, sulfur, phosphorus, silicon, carbon and other nonmetals, but can not be directly combined with nitrogen.Iron powder can be slowly mixed withcarbon monoxideAction formationIron pentacarbonyl。[2]
Storage method
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Store in a tightly sealed container in a cool and dry warehouse.[1]
synthetic method
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1. Reduction method willFerric hydroxideOr iron oxide is dried at 110~120 ℃ and grinded into fine powder, which is put into porcelain tube or refractory glass tube in a thin layer, and then put the tube into the electric furnace.First, the air in the dry hydrogen gas flow discharge pipe is introduced, and then the hydrogen gas is continuously introduced and the pipe is gradually heated to deep red incandescence.The reduction is carried out until no water is generated in the pipe.After the tubes are completely cooled in the hydrogen gas flow, the finished iron powder is made.
2. Pure iron can be produced from pure iron oxide by hydrogen reduction.
3. Pure iron made from high-quality Swedish iron ore by charcoal reduction is called Swedish iron.
4. Place the ironCarbonyl compoundPowdered iron produced by thermal decomposition.The oxygen and carbon content is 1%~2%, which can be removed by vacuum heating.
5. If 99.99% reduction iron is to be produced, 99.99% high purity iron shall be usedFerric oxideThe tube furnace adopts quartz tube, and hydrogen is purified by this method: palladium → platinum asbestos → silica gel → phosphorus pentoxide → silica gel → empty bottle.
6. It is obtained by hydrogen reduction of high-purity iron oxide or ferric oxalate.
7. SetFerric hydroxideAfter drying at 110~120 ℃, grind it into fine powder, put a thin layer into a porcelain tube or a melting resistant glass tube, put the tube into an electric furnace, fill the air in the dry hydrogen discharge tube, continue to fill the tube with hydrogen, and gradually heat the tube to deep red incandescence.The reduction is carried out until there is no water in the pipe.Allow the tube to completely cool in the hydrogen gas flow to obtain the product.
8. First useferrous sulfateReact with sodium oxalate to prepare ferrous oxalate for use.Ammonia passageAmmonia calcinerIt is decomposed into nitrogen and hydrogen under the action of catalyst. After drying, the mixed gas is sent to the tubular muffle furnace containing ferrous oxalate. The temperature is controlled at 400~500 ℃ to make it react completely until no H is generatedtwoO.The product is cooled to room temperature under the protection of hydrogen and nitrogen mixture, and then passivated, and bottled (or bagged) immediately for sealing.[2]
Description of use
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1. For pharmaceutical, pesticide, powder metallurgy, thermal hydrogen generatorgel propellant , combustion active agent, catalyst, water cleaning adsorbent, sintering active agentPowder metallurgy productsVarious mechanical parts, cemented carbide products, etc.
Pure iron is used to make iron cores of generators and motors,Reduced iron powderbe used forpowder metallurgySteel is used to make machines and tools.In addition, iron and its compounds are also used to make magnets, medicines, inks, pigments, abrasives, etc.
3. Used as reducing agent.For the preparation of iron salts.Also used for preparationElectronic components。
4. It is used as a nutritional supplement (iron fortifier).
5. It is used as the filler of epoxy adhesive in the adhesive to prepare casting repair adhesive.It is often used as a reducing agent.It is widely used in electronic industry, powder metallurgy and machinery industry.FHY80.23 is mainly used forOil bearing。FHY100.25 is mainly used for medium and low density mechanical parts.HFY100.27 is mainly used for high-density mechanical parts.[2]
