Jinmao (scientific name:Eulalia speciosa(Debeaux) Kuntze) is a plant of Gramineae and Festuca.Section is often white powder;The lower part of the leaf sheath is longer than the upper part and shorter than the internode, but the base part is densely covered with brown yellow hairs;Ligule truncation;The leaf blade is hard, flat or the edge is involute.Racemes 5-8, yellowish brown to brown.Sessile spikelet oblong;The back of the first glume is slightly concave,;The second glume is navicular;The first floret is usually only a lemma, oblong lanceolate;The second lemma is narrow, the apex is bifid;The second palea is oval oblong;3 stamens.Stipulated spikelets are similar to sessile spikelets, and have stalks equal to or slightly shorter than those between the rachis of racemes.The flowering and fruiting period is from August to November.[1]
It is distributed in southern Shaanxi, eastern China, central China, southern China and southwest China;It is also distributed in North Korea and India.It often grows on hillside grassland.[1]
The flexible stems and leaves are used for paper making and fuel.[2]The grass is rough and has poor palatability.Cattle and sheep like to eat when they are young.The grass grows fast and is tall, so it can be used as breeding material for grass.[9]
The stem is 70-120 cm high, usually glabrous or white pilose immediately below the inflorescence, and the nodes are often white powder;leaf sheathThe lower part is longer than the upper part, shorter than the internode, hairless, but the base part is densely covered with brown yellow hairs;Ligule truncate, about 1 mm long;The leaf blade is 25-50 cm long and 4-7 mm wide. It is hard, flat, or the edge is involute. Except that there are hairs near the base, the rest are hairless.[1]
raceme5-8, yellowish brown to brown.Raceme internodes 3-4 mm long, with white or yellowish cilia on the edge;No handlespikeletIt is oblong, about 5 mm long, and the basal disc may have 1/6-1/3 pilose spikelets;The back of the first glume is slightly concave, often with yellowish pubescence in its lower half, with 2 ridges, and the apex is slightly blunt;The second glume is navicular, with a ridge on the back, often pilose on both sides of the ridge, and ciliate on the upper edge;The first floret is usually only oneLemma, oblong lanceolate, several as long as glume, with tiny cilia on the upper edge;The second lemma is narrow, about 3 mm long, the apex is divided into two lobed parts, and a 15 mm long awn protrudes between the crack teeth, and the awn is genuflected twice;secondPaleaOval oblong, about 2 mm long, apex obtuse, with small cilia;stamen3, anthers about 3.5 mm long.Stipulated spikelets are similar to sessile spikelets, with stalks as long as or slightly shorter than those between the rachis of raceme.[1][4]
Jinmao
Distinction of recent species
Announce
edit
Jinmao andEulalia quadrinervis (Scientific name:Eulalia quadrinervis(Hack.) Kuntze) is mainly different in that the leaf sheath at the base of the stem is densely covered with brown yellow hairs, and there are two veins between the first glume ridge.[5]
Growth environment
Announce
edit
It often grows on hillside grassland.[1]
In China, Jinmao Grassland is mainly distributed in the low hills and some middle mountains to the south of the Yangtze River.The altitude is mostly 1000-2000 meters, and some areas can grow to 2300 meters.Jinmao GrasslandWild sedgeThere are few single dominant grass groups, and most of them grow and develop on the shady slope, semi shady slope or upper part of low mountains and hills with thick soil and wet water conditions. Due to different distribution areas, the altitude of low mountains and hills in southern Anhui and southeast Guangxi is more than 1000 meters.The soil is mainly yellow soil, yellow red soil, etc. The soil layer is thick, and the content of organic matter is high. The surface layer can reach more than 10%, and the pH value is 4.5-5.5.
The species composition of Jinmao grassland varies from place to place.In areas with thicker and wetter soil layers, common associated plants areAwn, wild ancient grassDuckbill, withered grassOsmunda japonica、Pearl grass、a surname、Wild chrysanthemumCommon trees and shrubs includeMasson pine、Cyclobalanopsis glauca、Liquidambar formosana（Liquidambar formosana）、White sandalwoodEtc.Grass group grows luxuriantly with high coverage, generally 70-80%;However, on the sunny or semi sunny mountain slopes with thin soil layer or strong stony soil, the associated perennial herbs in the grass group mainly includeHuangbeicao、White fescue、Partridge grassCommon trees and shrubs includeMasson pine、pyracanthaEtc;The grass group grows sparsely than the former, with a coverage of 40-70%. The grass group differentiation is not very obvious, generally only one layer, with an average height of 50-80 cm, and the height is more than 90 cm.[8]
Distribution range
Announce
edit
World distribution:India (Assam), Cambodia, China, Japan, the Korean Peninsula, Malaysia, Myanmar, the Philippines, Thailand, Vietnam.[10]
Distribution in China:Shandong, Henan, Shaanxi, Anhui, Jiangxi, Hubei, Sichuan, Guizhou, Yunnan, Fujian, Taiwan, Guangdong, Hainan.[3]
Growth habit
Announce
edit
The flowering and fruiting period is from August to November.[1]It grows in spring, flourishes in summer, blossoms and bears seeds in autumn, and withers in winter.[7]It usually turns green at the beginning of March, and the peak growth season is from April to June.[8]
Key values
Announce
edit
economic value
The flexible stems and leaves are used for paper making and fuel.[2]
Feeding value
The grass is rough and has poor palatability.Cattle and sheep like to eat when they are young.The crude egg quality and crude fat of the grass are low, rich in nitrogen free extracts, and the crude fiber content is also high, so it has an impact on the feeding value.However, the grass has strong vitality and wide adaptability, so it is still usable grass.The grass grows fast and is tall, so it can be used as breeding material for grass.[9]
