Spinning half odd times hhadron。Their statistical properties areFermion。The most familiar baryons are protons and neutrons, and the others are ΛΣ、Ξ、The mass of particles such as Ω exceeds that of protons and neutrons, so they are also calledHyperon。One can be defined for all baryonsBaryon numberB，The number of baryons is+1, and the number of baryons of anti baryons is - 1.The number of baryons is conserved under all interactions, and baryons other than protons will eventually decay into protons, thus ensuring the stability of protons.All baryons discovered are composed of three quarks, for example, p=(uud),n=（udd），Λo=（uds），Σ+= (uus)，━ -=(dss), Ω=(sss), etc;The fourth type is also foundquarkThe experimental evidence of charmed baryons such as λ c+(udc) and ∑ c+(uuc).
Among other baryons, there are particles heavier than these two particles, the so-calledHyperon。The term baryon means that its mass is relatively heavier thanLeptonBetween andmesonIt started.
Baryons are composed of a quark and aAntiquarkThe composed mesons are collectively calledhadron。Hadron is the general name of all strongly interacting particles.
Protons are independent and stable baryons.If the neutron is not composed with other neutrons or protonsNucleusIf it is unstable, it will decay.
Baryonic family
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Baryonic family
Δ baryon (ΔΔ、Δ、Δ）
fromUpper quarkandLower quarkThey decay intoPionAnd a proton or a neutron.The Λ baryon (Λ, Λ c) consists of an upper quark, a lower quark and aCharm quarkOr oneStrange quarkform.The discovery of an electrically neutral Λ - baryon shows the existence of strange quarks for the first time.∑ baryon (∑∑, ∑) consists of a strange quark and two upper or lower quarks or one upper quark and one lower quark.∑ baryons and electroneutralElectroneutralityThe λ baryon of is the same, so it decays faster than other ∑ baryons.Ge ChongziIt is composed of two strange quarks and an upper quark or a lower quark.An electrically neutral ━ baryon (consisting of an upper quark and two strange quarks) decays into an electrically neutral Λ baryon and an electrically neutral π meson, which soon decays into an electron and aPositronThe two annihilate each other, so the whole process seems to be the decay of electrically neutral ξ baryons into electrically neutral Λ baryons andGamma ray。ElectronegativityThe Ω baryon (Ω) of is composed of three strange quarks.Theorists first predicted its existence, mass and decay results.It was discovered through these predictions and its decay results, so its discovery isQuark theoryAn important achievement of.
