Lila Monastery: located about 60 kilometers south of Sofia, the capital of Bulgaria.Covering an area of 0.088 square kilometers, Lila Monastery is the largest monastery in Bulgaria. It was founded in the 10th century.The monastery is well structured, much like a medieval castle.
Lyra Monastery is a famous ancient monastery in Bulgaria and the largest monastery in the Balkan Peninsula. It is located in the Lyoscar Valley of Lyra Mountain, the highest mountain in the Balkan Peninsula. The monastery was originally built near the cave where the first Bulgarian saint Rioski lived, and moved to the current site from the 13th century to the 14th century.
In 1983, according to the criteria of cultural heritage selection (vi), Lila Monastery wasUNESCO World Heritage Committee It was approved to be included in the World Heritage List as a cultural heritage.
Selection criteria (vi):Lila Monastery is a symbol of the 19th century Bulgarian Renaissance. In the process of trying to rebuild an uninterrupted historical continuity, it taught Lila the values of Slavs.
Evaluation of World Heritage Committee
The monastery of Lila was built by the hermit St. John of Lila in the 10th century AD.John was canonized by the Eastern Orthodox Church after his death, so the place where he used to practice and his tomb became a holy place and a monastery.This small monastery played a very important role in the religious and social life of medieval Bulgaria.At the beginning of the 19th century, the monastery was destroyed by a fire and then rebuilt between 1834 and 1862.The monastery of Lila was in Bulgaria in the 18th and 19th centuriesRenaissanceThe representative work of the Slavic cultural identity is the awakening of the Slavic cultural identity after centuries of occupied history.[1-3]
Heritage Introduction
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Lila Monastery is a famous ancient monastery in BulgariaMonastery, the largest monastery in the Balkans, is located on the highest mountain in the BalkansLira MountainOfRioska ValleyMedium.This new Byzantine building was built in the middle of the 10th century A.DSan Juan DerelaIt was built here at that timeBalkan countriesThe base camp of the second order.The monastery was originally built near the cave where the first Bulgarian saint Rioski lived, and moved to its current site from the 13th to the 14th century.In the early 14th century, Lila Monastery was destroyed by an earthquake.Later, the monastery was rebuilt and a strong castle was built.It was finally rebuilt between 1834 and 1860.Inside it are still the remains of the medieval monastery and the memorial of San Juan Delira.
Unique geographical location and building structure
The most famous landscape of Mount Lila is not natural, but artificial.Lila Monastery named after the mountain is the most famous ancient monastery in Bulgaria.Lila Monastery is located in a valley of Lila Mountain, with an altitude of 1200 meters and an area of 8800 square meters.
Lila Monastery was built in the middle of the 10th century, and was destroyed and rebuilt several times in history.The monastery is built on a stream, much like a medieval castle. The whole building layout is tight, including a church built in different periods, a defense tower, and a semi-circular four storey building. This building is divided into four parts, east, west, north, south, and a total of 300 rooms. In the past, tens of thousands of pilgrims used to live here at the same time.The defensive tower was built in 1335. It has five floors and is 25 meters high. It is completely made of red bricks and stones. The windows of the tower are very narrow. The tower body has numerous shooting holes. The highest floor of the tower is a small church. There are mural decorations inside. The top of the tower is flat and surrounded by battlements that are similar to shelters.Part of the tower was damaged by artillery during the Turkish invasion.
Today, Lila Monastery is the center of architecture, art, religion and education.It consists of 11 churches built in different periods, 20 residential buildings built from the 14th century to the 19th century, a defensive tower and a semicircular four storey building.The earliest building is the defense tower built in 1335. The tower is 22 meters high (25 meters in one word), divided into five layers, all made of red bricks and stones.The windows of the tower are very narrow, and the tower body has numerous shooting holes.The highest floor of the tower is a private prayer room, which is decorated with paintings showing the scenes of Jesus' transformation, as well as other magnificent 16th century murals.The top of the tower is flat, surrounded by battlements that are similar to shelters.Part of the tower was once attacked byThe cannon blew out.[2]
The number of monks in the Bulgarian Rira Monastery was tens of thousands at its peak and several hundred later.Now there are only eight monks in it.The semicircular four storey building is divided into four parts, east, west, north and south. There are more than 300 rooms in total. In the past, tens of thousands of people were served at the same timepilgrimageThose who stay here, the prominent one is the kitchen on the north side, whose chimney is 22 meters high.The colonnade isRenaissance style。[4]
The Cathedral of the Assumption of Our Lady, built in 1834-1837, is located in the center of Lila Monastery, with three main halls;The two choirs are arranged on both sides, with three domes above, surrounded by colonnades outside, which is very spectacular.
In addition, there areSaint Lucas TempleandSan Juan Churchetc.Historical Site。Saint Lucas Temple is composed of Saint Lucas Church, Notre Dame Cathedral in Dorset and a monastic school.The Church of San Juan was built on the basis of a natural cave in the 10th century - San Juan Cave, where the tomb of San Juan is located.This creation, which combines natural caves with human civilization, makes this church second to none in the whole Balkan Peninsula.[5]
Artistic achievements
There are also many murals and statues on the walls of the monastery hall. Most of them were created by famous teachers.The murals in the church are the most outstanding works of Bulgarian religious paintings in the 19th century.In 1961, Lila Monastery was opened as a national museum, in which more than 600 cultural relics were collected, including Bulgaria's first globe, the cross of blind monk Rafael, the scepter of bishops of all dynasties, brocade vestments, ancient royal artifacts, silver buckles donated by pilgrim women, various weapons used by the guards of the monastery, and a large number of handicrafts.It is also one of the national tourist areas.
Lila Monastery
For centuries, as the masterpiece of Bulgarian Renaissance architecture and the "fortress of national spirit" of Bulgarian people, Lila Monastery has always been the most important monastery in the country, and even a famous literary school has emerged here.WhenTurkish Ottoman Empire During the reign, it became a symbol of the nation.When the Turks invaded, the monastery was burned three times, but residents from all over Bulgaria sent a large number of building materials, such as stones, wood, mortar, etc., to the monastery to start the restoration work.Before long, Lila Monastery returned to its former style and became a masterpiece of Bulgarian Renaissance architecture.Through this monastery, the Bulgarian people tenaciously resisted the foreign enslavement policy and preserved their national flag.
Architectural status
get intoWorld Heritage List, the National Museum of Bulgaria, the largest monastery in the Balkans, a world famous tourist resort, and a Bulgarian landmark
About Sofia
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Sofia, the capital of Bulgaria, is located in the southern part of the Sofia Basin in the Balkan Mountains,Vito Sandhill、Liulin MountainandLuozan MountainSurrounded by mild climate and green trees, it was a transportation hub from Central Europe to West Asia in history.This city, which is surrounded by green mountains and ridges, has not only the prosperous scene of a modern city, but also beautiful and charming natural scenery. Therefore, it enjoys the reputation of "garden city" not only in Bulgaria, but also in Europe.
Lila Monastery
Sofia is a city with an altitude of 550 meters. The temperature of the four seasons is similar. It is not too cold in winter and not too hot in summer.All streets and alleys, squares, parks, offices, schools, factories and mines, enterprises, etc. in the urban area are hidden in a lush green forest, and rows of linden trees, acacia trees, French sycamore trees, Canadian poplar trees, etc. are neatly arranged on both sides of all roads.Liberty Park, the largest park in the urban area, is a semi artificial and semi natural park, beautiful and charming.Vivid flower beds and neat lawns are planted in every corner of the city, under the doors and windows of every household, in front of and behind the house.There are shops and stalls selling various kinds of flowers on many streets of the city. Residents generally like planting flowers, buying flowers and giving flowers to each other.Walking around the city, you can smell the fragrance of flowers almost everywhere. The whole city is like a blooming flower. With the white or light yellow houses, Sofia looks very beautiful and elegant.There are many famous buildings in Sofia, including St. George's Church, St. Sofia ChurchPoyana Church, Derraglev Monastery, Parliament Building, National Opera House, Sofia University, Archaeological Museum, Ethnographic Museum, etc.Sofia attracts a large number of tourists with its pleasant climate, colorful scenery and famous historic sites, making it a famous tourist attraction in Europe.[4]
