Jiuquan Satellite Launch Center is located in the northeast of Jiuquan City, Gansu Province, covering an area of about 2800 square kilometers. It is flat, sparsely populated, dry and rainless. It can conduct launch tests for about 300 days every year. It is an ideal place to launch spacecraft[105]。
At 12:15 on May 21, 2024, China successfully launched the Wuhan 1 satellite and the ultra-low orbit technology test satellite at Jiuquan Satellite Launch Center using the Kuaozhou 11 Yao-4 carrier rocket.[185]
On May 31, 2024, the "Fudan Infostar" carrying the Ceres I Y12 carrier rocket was successfully launched at the Jiuquan Satellite Launch Center.[188]
At 13:00 on June 6, Xinghe Power Aerospace Company successfully launched the Ceres 1 (Far 13) carrier rocket (mission code: Love On Top) at Jiuquan Satellite Launch Center, successfully sent TEE-01B (Earth Eye 1 satellite), Nasxing 3 A and B, three satellites in total, and the Aishen orbit retention test platform into the sun synchronous orbit with an instantaneous orbit height of 545km.This is the third successful launch of Ceres 1 carrier rocket in ten days.... Details
In the 1950s, new China, which had just been liberated, was in a state of great need of development. The people of the whole country were engaged in socialist construction and looked forward to building the motherland into prosperity and strength as soon as possible.
On January 25, 1956,Mao ZedongThe President pointed out at the Supreme State Conference: "The Chinese people should have a grand plan to change China's backward situation in economy, science and culture in decades, and quickly reach the world's advanced level." In May of the same year, Premier Zhou Enlai presided over a meeting of the Central Military Commission, announcing the decision of the CPC Central Committee to develop missiles,Approve the establishment of the Missile Administration and Missile Research Institute of the Ministry of National Defense.At the same time, according to the relevant agreements between China and the Soviet Union, the Soviet Union will provide China with missile samples and relevant technical data, and send technical experts to help China explore and build missile test ranges.
At the end of 1957, the Central Military Commission decided to prepare for the establishment of a missile test range, and then launched the establishment of the range.The survey team headed by Chen Xilian, the artillery commander at that time, surveyed and selected the land and sea test range sites respectively, and submitted the site selection survey report to the CPC Central Committee, Chairman Mao Zedong and Premier Zhou Enlai on February 25, 1958.On March 26, Chairman Mao Zedong instructed: "Comrade Xiaoping, this matter is to be handled by the Secretariat." After the Secretariat's study, General Secretary Deng Xiaoping signed on March 3: "The Secretariat has agreed to send it to Comrade Chen Yun and Comrade Chen Yi for review before retiring from the Military Commission." So far, the CPC Central Committee officially approved the construction of China's first land integrated missile test range[90]。
China has three satellite launch centers in Jiuquan, Xichang and Taiyuan.The selection of Jiuquan Satellite Launch Center as a manned space launch site mainly depends on five considerations:
First, Jiuquan Satellite Launch Center had been built for 30 years at that time, with a solid material foundation, basically complete facilities, complete technical support, measurement and control communication, railway transportation, power generation and distribution and other supporting facilities.
Second, the launch site is the Gobi Desert, and the navigation area within 200 kilometers is basically a no man's land. There are no densely populated towns and important traffic arteries within 600 kilometers, so the safety is good.
Third, the launch site covers an area of 50000 square kilometers, and the terrain is open, which fully meets the requirements of astronauts' lifesaving in the waiting section and the ascending section. It is also the most ideal launch and recovery landing site for the advanced space shuttle transportation system.
Fourth, we can make full use of the land space TT&C network that is thousands of kilometers away and has been basically formed.
In addition, the climate in the site is dry and rainless, and there are few lightning days, so it is easy to meet the launch conditions.
The manned space launch site of Jiuquan Satellite Launch Center was started in 1994 and completed in 1998. It is one of the only three launch sites in the world that have implemented manned space launch[119]。
Center construction
In April 1958, with the approval of the Central Military Commission, the deputy commander of the 20th CorpsSun JixianThe 20 Corps led byChen ShijuThe 19 Corps led by him went to the northwest and began to build China's first missile test base Jiuquan Satellite Launch Center on the vast Gobi Desert[91]。
Jiuquan Satellite Launch Center is located injiuquan andalxa league The alliance covers an area of 2800 square kilometers. About 95% of its sub bases are located in Jiuquan City and 5% in Alxa League.byMilitary restricted zone(Military control area), the regional non military administration is under the jurisdiction of Jiuquan City.[7]
The closest to Jiuquan Satellite Launch BasePrefecture level cityyesjiuquan Jiuquan Launch Center was built in 1958.In the mid-1980s, when the launch center began to open, it needed to take an official name. The name must reflect the general geographical location of the launch center, and it must also be a place with a certain international popularity. The nearest city to the launch center that meets the above conditions is undoubtedly Jiuquan, so it was named Jiuquan Satellite Launch Center.The name of Jiuquan Launch Center is also based on the reality of material supply. Jiuquan has been responsible for most of the material supply of the base for a long time. At the same time, Jiuquan is responsible for the construction of the base's living area, military, passenger railway and expressway.The education, medical treatment and public security of the base arejiuquan have jurisdiction over.
Since 5% of the sub bases are distributed inalxa league OfEjina Banner, in order to compensatealxa league , so pay the tax toalxa league In addition, Jiuquan is responsible for all affairs in Jiuquan CitySuzhou DistrictXiongguan Road sets up the "Jiuquan Office of China Jiuquan Satellite Launch Center".[8]
Jiuquan Satellite Launch Center
Climatic environment
Jiuquan Satellite Launch Center has an inland and desert climate. The terrain is flat and sparsely populated. It has little rain throughout the year. The daytime is long. The annual average temperature is 8.5 ℃, and the relative humidity is 35% - 55%. There are about 300 days a year for launch tests, and it can be fully utilized from the westKashgar, DongzhiWest Fujian, thousands of meters inlandSpace TT&C NetworkIn addition, the base has been built for many years, with basically complete living facilities, complete technical support, measurement and control communication, railway transportation, power generation and distribution and other supporting facilities. The conditions are very suitable for satellite and manned spacecraft launch.[9]
The nearest airport is located at 40.25N, 99.48E.Namely JiuquanDingxin Airport。
Jiuquan Satellite Launch Center Satellite Map
Overview of the Center
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Main tasks
The main tasks of Jiuquan Satellite Launch Center include:
one
Undertake the test, launch and flight test of satellites and spacecraft as well as their command, measurement and safety control tasks, and process the above measurement results.
two
It is responsible for landing and escape rescue of the spaceship, and recovery of the return capsule of the spaceship.
three
Assist relevant personnel in launching training[6]。
Field layout
The manned space launch site of Jiuquan Satellite Launch Center consists of technology area, launch area, test command area, astronaut area, test cooperation area, etc.
The main facilities in the technical area of the launch site include: rocket vertical assembly test plant, spacecraft payload assembly test plant, spacecraft refueling fairing assembly plant, escape tower assembly test plant, test and launch command control building, movable launch platform track and infrastructure.The most distinctive one is the rocket vertical assembly test plant and the spacecraft payload assembly test plant[182]。
Launch site area
Jiuquan Satellite Launch Center has two launch sites in the south and north.South launch site is mainly used for launching“Long March II F”Rocket.The north launch site is mainly used to launch Long March 1 DLong March II C、Long March II C Change、Long March II DWait for the rocket.Jiuquan Satellite Launch Center is composed of technical test area, launch area, special fuel reserve area, command and control center, tracking and measuring station, communication network, meteorological network, power plant, special railway, highway, airport, etc.
one
Technical test area.There are satellite and launch vehicle assembly and testing workshops, solid rocket assembly and testing workshops, various testing laboratories, computer rooms and various auxiliary facilities.
two
Launch area.There are launching pads, movable service towers, fixed launching towers, underground launch control rooms, propellant injection storage and filling facilities, automatic command and monitoring facilities, etc.
three
Special fuel reserve area.There are liquid oxygen and liquid nitrogen factories, propellant storage and transportation, test and identification facilities.
four
Command and Control Center.There are command center, security control center, communication time center, data exchange processing center, metering station and satellite communication earth station.
five
Measuring station.It is equipped with tracking and measuring equipment with multiple means and multiple coverage such as optics, radar and telemetry.When launching the satellite, it can communicate with Beijing Aerospace Command Center andXi'an Satellite Measurement and Control CenterA communication network is formed to transmit real-time tracking and measurement data and time signals of launch vehicles and satellites.
six
Meteorological system.Short term, medium term and long-term productionMeteorological forecastAnd the ability of data and mathematical statistics forecast[6]。
Jiuquan Satellite Launch Center Space Search and Rescue Team[80]。
Talent team
As of July 2011, Jiuquan Satellite Launch Center has more than 50 doctors and more than 500 masters. This team of high-level innovative talents with comprehensive quality and ability is rising in the desert, supporting the center to meet new challenges and create new brilliance in the journey of exploring vast space[138]。
Opening up
Main attractions
Satellite launch site, command and control center, Long March II rocket, test center, satellite launch center history exhibition hall, revolutionary martyrs cemetery, Jiuquan satellite launch base Dongfeng Reservoir.
On March 28, 2017, Jiuquan Satellite Launch Base in Gansu Province was elected by the National Tourism Administration and the Chinese Academy of Sciences as the "first batch of top ten science and technology tourism bases in China"[4]。
Main remains
Jiuquan Satellite Launch Center has complete rocket and satellite testing and launching facilities;Satellite Launch Center Site History Exhibition Hall, Revolutionary Martyrs Cemetery;Vertical assembly plant - the highest single storey building in Asia;5020 launch station, 138 station, load assembly plant, launch test station, main and auxiliary landing site, etc.
Launch Dynamics
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2000 years ago
Jiuquan Satellite Launch Center
In 1958, Jiuquan Satellite Launch Center was built.Covering an area of 2800 square kilometers, it is 50 kilometers wide from north to south, 300 kilometers long from east to west, and 1000 meters above sea level.The terrain here is flat, dry and rainless, with good satellite launchNatural environmental conditions。There are more than 320 launch days that meet the launch conditions throughout the year.Shooting to the southeast, the satellite can be put into the medium and low orbits with an orbital inclination of 41 °~70 °.Launch test of carrier rocket can also be carried out.
On November 5, 1960, the first short-range missile imitated by China was successfully launched.
In early March 1962, the first missile designed by China was transported to Jiuquan launch site.On March 21, the missile failed to launch. After careful summary, the crux of the problem was found.
On June 29, 1964, China's first missile test after the revised design was successful[139]。
On October 27, 1966, China's first missilenuclear weaponThe test is successful here.
On April 24, 1970, China's first man-made satelliteDongfanghong No.1The Long March 1 carrier rocket was successfully launched there.
Since the successful launch of China's first man-made satellite, Dongfanghong-1, Jiuquan Satellite Launch Center has successfully launched more than 20 scientific experimental satellites with "Long March" 1, "Long March" 2C and "Long March" 2C rockets.
On November 26, 1975, China's first recoverable satellite was successfully launched there.
On May 18, 1980, China's first long-range carrier rocket was successfully launched there.
In August 1987FranceMattThe company has provided launch and carrying services, enabling China's aerospace technology to enter the world commercial market from the beginning.
In August 1988, it provided satellite carrying services for the Federal Republic of Germany, took its microgravity test platform into space and successfully recovered it, obtaining valuable experimental data.
In October 1992, the launch mission was carried out for international users for the first timeLong March 2C rocketCarry and launch when launching China's recoverable satelliteSwedenThe space company's Freya satellite entered the scheduled orbit and achieved success.
On October 15, 2003, China launched its first manned spacecraftShenzhou VYang Liwei, China's first astronaut, was sent into space by Long March 2F carrier rocket.
At 09:00:00 on October 12, 2005,Shenzhou VIIt was successfully launched at Jiuquan Satellite Launch Center.
At 21:10:04 on September 25, 2008,Shenzhou VIIIt was launched from Jiuquan Satellite Launch Center.
At 21:16:03 on September 29, 2011, China's first space stationTiangong No.1Launch here and successfully enter the scheduled orbit.
Tiangong 1 launch
At 5:58:10 on November 1, 2011, it was launched by the modified "Long March II" F-Yao-8 rocket“Shenzhou VIII”Lift off.
At 18:37 on June 16, 2012,Shenzhou 9The spacecraft was launched at Jiuquan Satellite Launch Center, carrying three astronauts into space, and carrying out the first manned space rendezvous and docking mission.Chinese People's Liberation Army Astronaut CorpsMale astronautJing Haipeng、Liu WangAnd Liu Yang, a female astronaut, to form a three person flight crew.
Shenzhou 9
At 17:38 on June 11, 2013,Shenzhou 10The manned spacecraft was launched from the launch center.Three astronauts were carried this time,Nie HaishengFemale astronautWang Yaping、Zhang Xiaoguang。[9-10]
Shenzhou 10
By the end of 2015, Jiuquan Satellite Launch Center had successfully launched 90 satellites, 10 "Shenzhou" spacecraft and 1 "Tiangong" space laboratory, successively sending 10 astronauts to space safely.[6]
At 1:40 on August 16, 2016, the world's first quantum science experiment satellite was successfully launched“Mozi No”。
At 22:04 on September 15, 2016,Tiangong 2 Space LaboratoryIt was launched from Jiuquan Satellite Launch Center.[11]
At 07:30 on October 17, 2016, it was successfully launched at China Jiuquan Satellite Launch CenterShenzhou 11Manned spacecraft.
At 12:12 on January 19, 2018, for Jiuquan Satellite Launch CenterLong March 11 carrier rocket, success willJilin No.1Video 07 and 08 satellites are sent into the preset orbit.As a sign, the space launch mission of the center has broken through a hundred times.[1]
12:10, September 7, 2018[12]Jiuquan Satellite Launch Center successfully launched“Chongqing Star of Two Rivers”(OS-X1) commercial suborbital rocket.[12]
At 12:12 on December 7, 2018, used by China at Jiuquan Satellite Launch CenterLong March 2D , successfully launched the Saudi Arabia - 5A/5B satellite and launched 10 small satellites.[13]
At 13:42 on January 21, 2019,Long March 11The Yaoliu rocket ignited at Jiuquan Satellite Launch Center and successfully sent four satellites into the scheduled orbit.[14]
At 13:00 on July 25, 2019, Jiuquan Satellite Launch Center successfully organized the launchHyperbola No. 1Launch vehicle, sending balloon satellite and BP-1B satellite into the predetermined orbit.[15-16]
At 12:11 on August 17, 2019, used by China at Jiuquan Satellite Launch CenterJielong No.1The launch vehicle successfully launched“Thousand times one 01 star”The "Star Age - 5" satellite and the "Tianqi - 2" satellite were launched, and the satellites entered the predetermined orbit.[17-20]
At 18:00 on November 17, 2019, China usedKuaizhou 1A carrier rocketThe satellite A and B (KL - α - A, KL - α - B) of the global multimedia satellite system alpha phase were successfully launched in the way of "one rocket and two satellites", and the satellite entered the predetermined orbit.[26-28]
At 11:02 on January 16, 2020, China will use it at Jiuquan Satellite Launch CenterKuaizhou 1A carrier rocket, successfully launched China's first low orbit broadband communication satellite with a communication capacity of 10Gbps, the first satellite of Galaxy Space.The satellite entered the predetermined orbit and the mission was successful.[34]
At 9:16 on May 12, 2020, China will use it at Jiuquan Satellite Launch CenterKuaizhou 1A carrier rocket, successfully launched Xingyun II 01/02 satellite in the way of "one arrow and two satellites", and the satellite entered the predetermined orbit, which was a success.
At 16:53 on May 31, 2020, China successfully sent Gaofen 9 02 and Hede 4 satellites into the scheduled orbit with Long March 2DD carrier rocket at Jiuquan Satellite Launch Center, and the launch was successful[35]。
On August 23, 2020, China successfully launched Gaofen 9 05 satellite at Jiuquan Satellite Launch Center[36]。
At 15:12 on November 7, 2020,Ceres 1 carrier rocketIt successfully made its first flight at China Jiuquan Satellite Launch Center and willApocalypse Eleven StarsSend to the preset track[37]。
At 23:44 on December 27, 2020, China successfully launched the Long March 4C carrier rocket at Jiuquan Satellite Launch CenterRemote Sensing 33 SatelliteThe launch was successful when it was sent into the predetermined orbit,[38]The mission also carried and launched a micro nano technology test satellite.[39]
At 10:22 on February 24, 2021, China successfully launched the third group of remote sensing 31 satellites with the Long March 4C carrier rocket at Jiuquan Satellite Launch Center, and the satellites entered the predetermined orbit[40]。
On the morning of June 16, 2021 (Beijing Time),Nie Haisheng、Liu Boming、Tang HongboThe three astronauts will meet with Chinese and foreign media reporters at the Wentian Pavilion of Jiuquan Satellite Launch Center and answer their questions.[41]
At 9:22 on June 17, 2021, Beijing time, the Long March 2F remote 12 carrier rocket carrying the Shenzhou 12 manned spacecraft ignited and launched at Jiuquan Satellite Launch Center.Since then, the Shenzhou 12 manned spacecraft has successfully separated from the rocket and entered the predetermined orbit, sending three astronauts Nie Haisheng, Liu Boming and Tang Hongbo into space. The flight crew is in good condition and the launch is successful.[42-43]
On July 16, 2021, the launch vehicle for the demonstration and verification project of suborbital reuse developed by the First Institute of China Aerospace Science and Technology Group ignited and took off at Jiuquan Satellite Launch Center on time. After completing the flight according to the set procedures, it landed at Alxa Youqi Airport smoothly and horizontally, and the first flight mission was successful.[45]
At 15:39 on August 3, 2021, the third private commercial carrier rocket of Hyperbola 1 ignited and lifted off at Jiuquan Satellite Launch Center in China. The rocket flight was abnormal, the satellite did not enter orbit normally after separation, and the flight test did not meet the expected purpose.[46]
At 19:15 on August 24, 2021, the fusion test satellite 01/02 was successfully put into the scheduled orbit at Jiuquan Satellite Launch Center with the Long March 2C carrier rocket/Yuanzheng 1S remote II upper stage, and the launch mission was successful.This mission is the 385th flight of the Long March series carrier rocket[47]。
At 14:19 on September 27, 2021 (Beijing time), China successfully launched Jilin 1 High Score 02D satellite from Jiuquan Satellite Launch Center with Kuaizhou 1A carrier rocket.The satellite entered the predetermined orbit and the launch mission was successful.This mission is the 11th flight of the Kuaizhou 1A carrier rocket.[48]
On the afternoon of October 14, 2021, the general headquarters of the space station phase mission held a press conference on the Shenzhou XIII manned mission at the Jiuquan Satellite Launch Center to report the mission.According to reports, the General Headquarters decided to launch the Shenzhou XIII manned spacecraft at 023 on October 16, Beijing time after studying it. The flight crew consisted of astronauts Zhai Zhigang, Wang Yaping and Ye Guangfu. Zhai Zhigang served as the commander.[49]
At 21:40 on October 15, 2021, Beijing time, the departure ceremony of the crew of the Shenzhou XIII manned mission was held at the Wentiange Square of Jiuquan Satellite Launch Center.At 21:42, Li Shangfu, the commander in chief of China's manned space project and the general commander of the space station phase mission headquarters, issued an order. Zhai Zhigang, Wang Yaping and Ye Guangfu, three astronauts, led the expedition, and the six-month mission was about to start.[50]
At 0:23 on October 16, 2021, Beijing time, the Long March 2F remote 13 carrier rocket carrying the Shenzhou 13 manned spacecraft ignited and launched at Jiuquan Satellite Launch Center. The Shenzhou 13 manned spacecraft successfully separated from the rocket, entered the predetermined orbit, and sent Zhai Zhigang, Wang Yaping, and Ye Guangfu into space. The flight crew was in good condition and the launch was successful.[49][51-52]
At 14:19 on October 27, 2021 (Beijing time), China successfully launched Jilin No. 1 High Score 02F satellite from Jiuquan Satellite Launch Center with Kuaizhou No. 1A carrier rocket.The satellite entered the predetermined orbit and the launch mission was successful.[53]
At 15:43 on November 3, 2021, Beijing time, China successfully launched the remote sensing 32 group 02 satellite at Jiuquan Satellite Launch Center with the Long March 2C carrier rocket/Yuanzheng 1S upper stage.The satellite entered the predetermined orbit and the launch mission was successful.[54]
At 7:45 on November 23, 2021 (Beijing time), China successfully launched Gaofen-3 02 from Jiuquan Satellite Launch Center with Long March 4C carrier rocket.The satellite entered the predetermined orbit and the launch mission was successful.[55]
At 7:41 on November 25, 2021 (Beijing time), China successfully launched the Test 11 satellite from Jiuquan Satellite Launch Center with the Kuaizhou 1A carrier rocket.The satellite entered the predetermined orbit and the launch mission was successful.This mission is the 13th flight of the Kuaizhou 1A carrier rocket.[56]
At 8:11 on December 10, 2021 (Beijing time), China successfully launched the Shijian No.6 05 group of satellites with the Long March No.4 Yiyao 47 carrier rocket at Jiuquan Satellite Launch Center, and the satellites entered the predetermined orbit. The launch mission was successful.[58]
At 10:00 on December 15, 2021, China used the Kuaizhou 1A carrier rocket to carry out the GeeSAT dual satellite commercial space launch mission at Jiuquan Satellite Launch Center. The rocket flight was abnormal and the launch mission failed.The specific reasons are being further analyzed and investigated.[59]
At 19:13 on December 29, 2021 (Beijing time), China successfully launched the Tianpai-4 satellite at Jiuquan Satellite Launch Center with the Long March IID carrier rocket. The satellite entered the scheduled orbit, and the launch mission was successful.[60]
At 7:44 on January 26, 2022, China successfully launched L-SAR01 Group A satellite from Jiuquan Satellite Launch Center with Long March 4C carrier rocket.The satellite entered the predetermined orbit and the launch mission was successful.[61]
At 7:44 on February 27, 2022 (Beijing time), China successfully launched L-SAR01 Group B satellite from Jiuquan Satellite Launch Center with Long March 4C carrier rocket.[62]
rocket launching
At 15:09 on March 17, 2022 (Beijing time), China successfully launched the remote sensing 34-02 satellite from Jiuquan Satellite Launch Center with the Long March 4C carrier rocket, and the satellite entered the scheduled orbit, which was a success.The satellite is mainly used to provide information services such as land survey, urban planning, crop yield estimation, disaster prevention and mitigation.[63-64]
At 10:29 on March 30, 2022 (Beijing time), China successfully launched Tianping-2 A, B and C satellites with the Long March 11 carrier rocket at Jiuquan Satellite Launch Center. The satellite entered the scheduled orbit, and the launch mission was successful.The satellite mainly provides services such as atmospheric space environment measurement and orbit prediction model correction.[65-66]
At 7:47 on April 7, 2022 (Beijing time), China successfully launched Gaofen No.3 03 satellite with the Long March 4C carrier rocket at Jiuquan Satellite Launch Center, and the satellite entered the scheduled orbit. The launch mission was successful.[67]
At 12:11 on April 29, 2022, China successfully launched two four-dimensional 01/02 satellites at Jiuquan Satellite Launch Center using the Long March 2C carrier rocket.The satellite entered the predetermined orbit and the launch mission was successful.The satellite mainly provides commercial remote sensing data services for domestic natural resources, surveying and mapping, marine, environmental protection and other industries, as well as urban security, digital rural and other emerging markets.[68-69]
May 13, 2022 - At 15:09 on May 13, the fourth private commercial carrier rocket of Hyperbola 1 ignited and lifted off at China Jiuquan Satellite Launch Center. The rocket flight was abnormal and the launch mission failed.The specific reasons are being further analyzed and investigated.[70]
At 18:30 on May 20, 2022 (Beijing time), China successfully launched three LEO communication test satellites at Jiuquan Satellite Launch Center by using the Long March 2C carrier rocket and adopting a three-star rocket.The satellite entered the predetermined orbit and the launch mission was successful.The LEO communication test satellite is mainly used to carry out in orbit communication technology test verification.[71]
At 10:44 on June 5, 2022, Beijing time, the Long March 2F remote 14 carrier rocket carrying the Shenzhou 14 manned spacecraft ignited and launched at Jiuquan Satellite Launch Center. About 577 seconds later, the Shenzhou 14 manned spacecraft successfully separated from the rocket and entered the predetermined orbit. The flight crew was in good condition, and the launch was successful.[72-73]
At 23:46 on June 27, 2022, the Long March 4 Bingyao 46 carrier rocket ignited at Jiuquan Satellite Launch Center and successfully sent Gaofen 12 03 into the scheduled orbit. The launch mission was achievedsuccess.[74]
At 12:12 on July 27, 2022, the Lijian 1 carrier rocket successfully flew for the first time in China Jiuquan Satellite Launch Center, and put six satellites into the scheduled orbit, including the new space technology test satellite, the orbital atmospheric density detection test satellite, the low orbit quantum key distribution test satellite, the electromagnetic assembly test twin and the South Guangdong Science Star. The launch mission was successful.[75]
On August 5, 2022, China successfully launched a reusable test spacecraft using the Long March 2F carrier rocket at the Jiuquan Satellite Launch Center, which is the 18th launch mission of the Long March 2F carrier rocket.[76]
At 12:11 on August 9, 2022 (Beijing time), the Ceres I remote three carrier rocket was successfully launched at China Jiuquan Satellite Launch Center, and three satellites, including Taijing I 01/02 and Donghai I, were put into the scheduled orbit. The launch mission was successful.[77]
On August 26, 2022, after health inspection and maintenance, the launch vehicle used in the flight test ignited again and took off vertically at Jiuquan Satellite Launch Center, completed the suborbital flight according to the set procedures, and landed smoothly and horizontally at Alxa Youqi Airport, successfully realizing the first reusable flight of China's suborbital launch vehicle.[78]
At 10:24 on September 6, 2022, China successfully launched the S3/S4 test satellite of the Micro Centimeter Space LEO Navigation Enhancement System at Jiuquan Satellite Launch Center by using the Kuaizhou 1A carrier rocket. The satellite entered the predetermined orbit, and the launch mission was successful.[79]
On October 20, 2022, the 64th anniversary of the establishment of Jiuquan Satellite Launch Center.
In October 2022,Jiuquan Satellite Launch Center is preparing for the launch and recovery of manned spacecraft at the same time, and the Shenzhou 15 manned flight mission has entered the preparatory stage.[81]
Expedition ceremony
On October 27, 2022, the official website of Changguang Satellite Technology Co., Ltd. announced that on that day, the company held an expedition ceremony for five satellites, including "Jilin No.1" high score 03D08 and high score 03D51-54, in the Aerospace Information Industrial Park, and will launch them at China Jiuquan Satellite Launch Center at a selected time in the near future.[82]
At 09:01 on October 29, 2022, China successfully launched the test 20C satellite at Jiuquan Satellite Launch Center by using the Long March 2DD carrier rocket. The satellite entered the predetermined orbit, and the launch mission was obtainedsuccess.[83]
At 9:38 on November 15, 2022 (Beijing time), China successfully launched the remote sensing 34-03 satellite at Jiuquan Satellite Launch Center by using the Long March 4C carrier rocket. The satellite entered the scheduled orbit, and the launch mission was successful.The satellite is mainly used for land survey, urban planning, land ownership confirmation, road network design, crop yield estimation, disaster prevention and mitigation and other fields.
At 14:20 on November 16, 2022, Beijing time,Ceres OneThe Yao-4 carrier rocket was successfully launched at the Jiuquan Satellite Launch Center of China, and the five to be carriedJilin No.1 High Score 03D SatelliteThe launch mission was successful when it was sent into the predetermined orbit.[84]
On November 27, 2022, the Shenzhou 15 manned flight mission carried out the last regional joint training and air tightness inspection of the whole system on November 27, 2022.The rocket, spacecraft and launch site systems are in good condition, and all preparations have been completed before rocket refueling.[85]
At 23:08 on November 29, 2022, the Long March 2F remote 15 carrier rocket carrying the Shenzhou 15 manned spacecraft ignited and launched at Jiuquan Satellite Launch Center. About 10 minutes later, the Shenzhou 15 manned spacecraft successfully separated from the rocket and entered the predetermined orbit. The astronauts were in good condition and the launch was successful.[86]
The launch of Shenzhou 15 manned spacecraft was a complete success
At 9:15 on December 7, 2022 (Beijing time), the Kuaizhou 11 Yao-2 carrier rocket was successfully launched at China Jiuquan Satellite Launch Center, bringing the traffic VDEThe S test satellite was sent into the predetermined orbit, and the launch mission was successful. The satellite is mainly used to carry out VDES system and AIS system communication test and key technology verification.[93]
At 16:22 on December 12, 2022 (Beijing time), China successfully launched the test 20 A/B satellite by using the Long March 4C carrier rocket at Jiuquan Satellite Launch Center. The satellite entered the scheduled orbit, and the launch mission was successful.[94]
At 13:04 on January 9, 2023 (Beijing time), the Ceres 1 remote five carrier rocket was successfully launched at the Jiuquan Satellite Launch Center in China. Five satellites, including Keji 1 satellite, Tianqi 13 satellite, Tianmu 1 meteorological constellation 01/02 satellite and Nantong Middle School satellite, were sent into the predetermined orbit. The launch mission was successful.[95]
At 15:00 on January 13, 2023 (Beijing time), China successfully launched the remote sensing 37 satellite and the test 22 A/B satellite carried by the Long March 2DD carrier rocket at Jiuquan Satellite Launch Center. The satellite entered the predetermined orbit, and the launch mission was successful.The three satellites launched this time are mainly used for in orbit verification tests of new technologies such as space environment monitoring.[96]
At 12:01 on February 24, 2023 (Beijing time), China successfully launched the Horus 1 remote sensing satellite by using the Long March 2C carrier rocket at Jiuquan Satellite Launch Center. The satellite entered the predetermined orbit and the launch mission was successful.[97]
At 12:02 on March 13, 2023, China successfully launched the Horus 2 remote sensing satellite by using the Long March 2C carrier rocket at Jiuquan Satellite Launch Center. The satellite entered the predetermined orbit, and the launch mission was successful.[98]
At 19:41 on March 15, 2023 (Beijing time), China successfully launched the Test 19 satellite by using the Long March 11 carrier rocket at Jiuquan Satellite Launch Center. The satellite entered the scheduled orbit, and the launch mission was successful.The satellite is mainly used for land survey, urban planning, disaster prevention and mitigation and other fields.[99]
At 17:09 on March 22, 2023 (Beijing time), China successfully launched Tianmu 1 meteorological constellation 03~06 from Jiuquan Satellite Launch Center by using Kuaizhou 1A carrier rocket. The satellite entered the scheduled orbit and the launch mission was successful.[100]
At 14:27 on March 31, 2023 (Beijing time), China successfully launched the remote sensing 34-04 satellite by using the Long March 4C carrier rocket at Jiuquan Satellite Launch Center. The satellite entered the scheduled orbit, and the launch mission was successful.The satellite is mainly used for land survey, urban planning, land ownership confirmation, road network design, crop yield estimation, disaster prevention and mitigation and other fields.[101]
At 16:48 on April 2, 2023, the first flight of the Tianlong II Yaoyi carrier rocket in Jiuquan Satellite Launch Center was successful, sending the AiSpaceScience satellite into the scheduled orbit, and the launch mission was successful.[102-103]
At 12:00 on April 7, 2023, the Hyperbola 1 solid commercial carrier rocket was successfully launched at China Jiuquan Satellite Launch Center. The rocket completed its flight safely according to the scheduled procedures, and the launch mission was successful.The main purpose of this flight test is to verify the correctness of the overall rocket scheme and accumulate rocket flight data.[104]
At 9:36 on April 16, 2023 (Beijing time), China successfully launched FY 307 satellite from Jiuquan Satellite Launch Center by using Long March 4B carrier rocket. The satellite entered the scheduled orbit and the launch mission was successful.[106]With the successful launch of FY-3 07 satellite, the 100th launch mission of Jiuquan Satellite Launch Center's satellite launch tower was also completed[106-107]。The launch was in the month of seasonal change of Jiuquan Satellite Launch Center. While the mission was successful, it also accumulated valuable experience for the model to carry out the mission under adverse weather conditions[110]。
At 16:00 on May 21, 2023, Jiuquan Satellite Launch Center successfully launched the first space science satellite "Macao Science I" jointly developed by the mainland and Macao using the Long March 2C carrier rocket.[108-109]
May 30, 2023, equipped withShenzhou 16Manned airshipLong March 2F Yao 16 carrier rocketLaunched at Jiuquan Satellite Launch Center, the astronauts were in good condition and the launch was successful.[112-113]
At about 12:12 on June 7, 2023, China Science and Space Engineering Corporation (CASA) carried out the launch mission of "Lijian No.1" remote two carrier rocket "Yijian 26" at Jiuquan Satellite Launch Center.[115]The Lijian-1 Yao-2 carrier rocket was successfully launched at the Jiuquan Satellite Launch Center, sending 26 satellites, including Test 24A and Test 24B, into the predetermined orbit.[116]
At 12:10 on June 7, 2023, the first star of "Qinling Small Satellite Constellation", "Xi'an Hangtou 8 Satellite", was launched at Jiuquan Satellite Launch Center, and entered the predetermined orbit to complete the launch mission.[117]
At 10:35 on June 9, 2023, the Kuaizhou 1A solid carrier rocket ignited and lifted off from Jiuquan Satellite Launch Center, and sent China's first flat plate new system communication test satellite, "Longjiang 3", into the scheduled orbit in the way of "one arrow and one satellite". The launch mission was successful.[118]
On July 6, 2023, the Zhuque II Yao-2 carrier rocket has completed the transfer and erection of the rocket at the Jiuquan Satellite Launch Center • Blue Arrow Space Rocket Launch Site.The Blue Arrow space program was organized and implemented at 14:00 on July 12 from the No.96 liquid oxygen methane rocket station of Jiuquan Satellite Launch CenterRosefinch 2Yao-2 carrier rocket flight test mission.[121]
At 19:00 on July 9, 2023, China successfully launched the satellite Internet technology test satellite at Jiuquan Satellite Launch Center using the Long March 2C carrier rocket. The satellite entered the scheduled orbit, and the launch mission was successful.[122]
In October 2023,Shenzhou 17The manned spacecraft will be launched at Jiuquan Satellite Launch Center. The flight crew consists of three astronauts. The Shenzhou 17 spacecraft will dock with the forward port of the core module of the space station to form a combination of three compartments and three ships.[114]
At 19:00 on July 9, 2023, China successfully launched the satellite Internet technology test satellite at Jiuquan Satellite Launch Center using the Long March 2C carrier rocket. The satellite entered the scheduled orbit, and the launch mission was successful.[123]
On July 12, 2023, the Zhuque II remote two liquid oxymethane carrier rocket (code name "ZQ-2 Y2") independently developed by Blue Arrow Space Technology Co., Ltd. was successfully launched at China Jiuquan Satellite Launch Center. The rocket entered the scheduled orbit and flew. The test mission was successful.[124]
At 11:20 on July 20, 2023, China successfully launched Tianmu 1 meteorological constellation 07-10 by using Kuaizhou 1A carrier rocket at Jiuquan Satellite Launch Center. The satellite was put into the scheduled orbit, and the launch mission was successful.[125]At 13:07 on July 22, the Ceres 1 remote six carrier rocket was successfully launched at the Jiuquan Satellite Launch Center of China, and two commercial satellites, Qiankun-1 and Xingshidai 16, were put into the scheduled orbit. The launch mission was successful.[126]
At 11:47 on August 3, 2023, China successfully launched FY 3 06 with Long March 4 Bingyao 44 carrier rocket at Jiuquan Satellite Launch Center, and the satellite entered the scheduled orbit. The mission was successful.[128]
At 12:03 on August 10, 2023, the Ceres 1 remote seven carrier rocket was successfully launched at China Jiuquan Satellite Launch Center, and seven satellites, including the Xiguang 1 01 satellite and the "Henan Science and Technology 1" AI intelligent remote sensing satellite of Henan University of Technology, were sent into the scheduled orbit. The launch task was successful.[129-130]
At 1:45 on August 21, 2023, China used the Long March 4C carrier rocket at Jiuquan Satellite Launch Center to successfully launch the Gaofen 12 04 satellite. The satellite entered the predetermined orbit, and the launch mission achieved successWork[131]。
At 12:59 on August 25, 2023, Beijing time, the Ceres 1 Remote 8 carrier rocket was successfully launched at China Jiuquan Satellite Launch CenterJilin No.1Wide 02A satellite was sent into the predetermined orbit, and the launch mission was successful.[132-133]
At 12:59 on August 25, 2023, the "Hong Kong University of Science and Technology - Xiongbin I" satellite was successfully launched at Jiuquan Satellite Launch Center in Gansu Province, and has entered the scheduled orbit, and returned the first batch of remote sensing data for Earth environment monitoring."Hong Kong University of Science and Technology - Xiongbin No.1" is a high-resolution optical satellite with resolution of 0.5m and imaging width ≥ 150km.It can monitor the health status of buildings in real time to improve safety.It can provide vital surface and marine information in marine and terrestrial environmental monitoring and disaster prevention and control.HKUST has therefore become the first Hong Kong institution of higher learning to launch satellites.[134-135]
At 02:14 on September 7, 2023 (Beijing time), China successfully launched the remote sensing 33-03 satellite at Jiuquan Satellite Launch Center using the Long March 4C carrier rocket. The satellite successfully entered the scheduled orbit and the launch mission was successful.The satellite is mainly used for scientific experiments, land and resources survey, agricultural production estimation, disaster prevention and mitigation and other fields.This mission is the 486th flight of the Long March series carrier rocket.[141]
At 12:59 on September 21, 2023, China launched Jilin I high score 04B satellite from Jiuquan Satellite Launch Center with the private commercial carrier rocket Ceres 1. The rocket flight was abnormal and the launch mission failed.The specific reasons are being further analyzed and investigated.[142]At 04:15 on September 27, China used the Long March 4C carrier rocket at Jiuquan Satellite Launch Center to successfully launch the remote sensing 33-04 satellite. The satellite successfully entered the scheduled orbit, and the launch mission was successful.[143]At 8:54 on October 15,Long March 2D Fired off at Jiuquan Satellite Launch Center, and thenYunhai No.1 04 StarIt was successfully sent into the scheduled orbit and the launch mission was successful.[144]
At 08:54 on October 15, 2023 (Beijing time), China successfully launched the Yunhai I 04 satellite at Jiuquan Satellite Launch Center using the Long March IID carrier rocket, and the satellite successfully entered the scheduled orbit. The launch mission was successful[145]。
At 11:14 on October 26, 2023, Beijing time, the Long March 2F remote 17 carrier rocket carrying the Shenzhou 17 manned spacecraft ignited and launched at the Jiuquan Satellite Launch Center. About 10 minutes later, the Shenzhou 17 manned spacecraft successfully separated from the rocket and entered the predetermined orbit. The astronauts were in good condition and the launch was successful.[148](Note: the time in the entry is "Beijing Time")[146-147]
At 14:00 on November 2, 2023, the liquid oxymethane reusable verification rocket Hyperbola II (code name SQX-2Y) independently developed by Beijing Interplanetary Glory Space Technology Co., Ltd. ignited and lifted off in Jiuquan Satellite Launch Center, China. About one minute later, the rocket landed stably and accurately at the target landing point, the rocket status recovered safely, and the flight test mission was successful.[149]
In the afternoon of November 2, 2023, the liquid oxymethane reusable verification rocket Hyperbola II developed by Interstellar Glory Company was ignited and launched at China Jiuquan Satellite Launch Center.[150]
At 11:55 on November 16, 2023 (Beijing time), China successfully launched the new generation ocean color observation satellite 01 by using the Long March 2C carrier rocket at Jiuquan Satellite Launch Center. The satellite successfully entered the scheduled orbit and the launch mission was successful.[151]
At 12:10 on December 4, 2023, China successfully launched Egypt II satellite with Long March 2C carrier rocket at Jiuquan Satellite Launch Center.At 12:10, the second group A/B satellite of Xingchi 1 was launched from the Jiuquan Satellite Launch Center by the Long March II C Y75 carrier rocket, and the satellite successfully entered the predetermined orbit. The satellite established a stable measurement and control connection with the ground, and the sail spread normally. The launch mission was successful.[152-154]
At 7:33 on December 5, 2023 (Beijing time), the Ceres 1 remote nine carrier rocket was successfully launched at China Jiuquan Satellite Launch Center, and the Tianyan 16 and Xingchi 1A satellites were successfully put into the scheduled orbit. The launch mission was successful.[155]
Beijing TimeAt 07:39 on December 9, 2023, the Zhuque II remote three carrier rocket was launched at the Jiuquan Satellite Launch Center of China, and successfully launched the Honghu satellite, Tianyi 33 satellite and Honghu II satellite into the scheduled orbit. The launch mission was successful.[156]
At 17:07 on December 10, 2023, the second flight test of Hyperbola II reusable liquid oxymethane verification rocket (SQX-2Y) of Interstellar Glory Corporation was completed at Jiuquan Satellite Launch CenterCheck.[157]
On December 11, 2023, the launch ceremony of the Lijian 1 Yaosan carrier rocket was held at the China Science and Space Flight Technology Industrialization Base.As one of the first rockets produced in Nansha, Guangzhou, Lijian-1 Yao-3 carrier rocket has completed all the work before delivery according to the process. After testing, the product functions and performance indicators meet the requirements of the flight mission, and successfully passed the delivery review. It is planned to carry out the "one rocket five stars" launch mission in Jiuquan Satellite Launch Center in January 2024.[158]
On December 14, 2023, China successfully launched a reusable test spacecraft at Jiuquan Satellite Launch Center using the Long March 2F carrier rocket.[159]
At 15:00 on December 17, 2023, the Hyperbola 1 commercial carrier rocket was launched at Jiuquan Satellite Launch Center, successfully putting the carried Deer 1 satellite into the scheduled orbit, and the launch mission was successful.[160]
At 09:00 on December 25, 2023 (Beijing time), China successfully launched Tianmu 1 meteorological constellation 11~14 from Jiuquan Satellite Launch Center using Kuaizhou 1A carrier rocket, and the satellite successfully entered the scheduled orbit. The launch mission was successful.[161]At 14:50 on December 27, China launched the 19, 20, 21 and 22 Tianmu 1 occultation detection constellations into the predetermined orbit using the Kuaizhou 1A solid carrier rocket at the Jiuquan Satellite Launch Center in a "one arrow four stars" manner. The launch mission was successful.[162-163]
At 8:13 on December 30, 2023 (Beijing time), China successfully launched the satellite Internet technology test satellite at Jiuquan Satellite Launch Center using the Long March 2C carrier rocket. The satellite successfully entered the scheduled orbit and the launch mission was successful.[164]
At 19:20 on January 5, 2024, China successfully launched Tianmu 1 Meteorological Constellation 15-18 by using Kuaizhou 1A carrier rocket at Jiuquan Satellite Launch Center. The satellite successfully entered the scheduled orbit and the launch mission was successfulWork.The satellite is mainly used to provide commercial meteorological data services.[165-166]
At 11:52 on January 11, 2024, China successfully launched Tianxing No. 02 satellite at Jiuquan Satellite Launch Center by using Kuaizhou No. 1A carrier rocket. The satellite successfully entered the scheduled orbit and the launch mission was successful.[167-169]
On January 11, 2024, Tianxing 1 02 was successfully launched
At 16:00 on January 19, 2024, the reusable VTVL-1 vertical takeoff and landing recovery verification rocket (hereinafter referred to as "VTVL-1 test rocket") independently developed by Blue Arrow Space Technology Co., Ltd. was ignited and launched at China Jiuquan Satellite Launch Center.The flight time of this test is about 60s, the flight height is about 350m, the landing position accuracy is 2.4m, the landing speed is 0.75m/s, the landing attitude angle is about 0.14 °, and the rolling angle is about 4.4 °. The rocket landing is stable, the landing point is accurate, and the state is good. The test task is successful。[170-171]
At 12:03 on January 23, 2024, the Lijian-1 Yao-3 commercial carrier rocket was launched at China Jiuquan Satellite Launch Center, and five satellites, including Taijing-1 03, Taijing-2 02/04, Taijing-3 02, and Taijing-4 03, were successfully put into the scheduled orbit. The flight test mission was successful.This mission is the third flight of Lijian 1 carrier rocket.[172-173]
On January 23, 2024, Lijian-1 Yaosan commercial carrier rocket was successfully launched
At 13:27 on March 21, 2024, China successfully launched the Yunhai II group 02 satellite at Jiuquan Satellite Launch Center using the Long March IID carrier rocket/Yuanzheng III upper stage. The satellite successfully entered the scheduled orbit and the launch mission was obtainedsuccess.The satellite is mainly used for atmospheric environment element detection, space environment monitoring, disaster prevention and mitigation, scientific experiments and other fields. This mission is the 513th flight of Long March series carrier rockets.[174-176]
On March 21, 2024, Yunhai II Group 02 satellite was successfully launched
On April 15, 2024, China successfully launched Siwei Gaojing No.3 01 satellite in Jiuquan Satellite Launch Center by using Long March IID carrier rocket. The satellite entered the scheduled orbit smoothly, and the launch mission was obtainedsuccess.[177]
On April 15, 2024, the vertical takeoff and landing recovery test arrow (hereinafter referred to as "test arrow") of the reusable rocket "Blue Arrow Aerospace Zhuque 3" will complete the transformation and final assembly of the "ten kilometer flight", and will fully enter the final stage of general survey and delivery.Later, the test rocket will be transferred to the general survey stage. It is expected to arrive at the Blue Arrow Space Liquid Oxygen Methane Rocket Launch Site of Jiuquan Satellite Launch Center in May and launch the mission in June.[178]
At 20:59 on April 25, 2024, the Long March 2F Remote 18 carrier rocket carrying the Shenzhou 18 manned spacecraft ignited and launched at Jiuquan Satellite Launch Center.[179]About 10 minutes later, the Shenzhou 18 manned spacecraft successfully separated from the rocket and entered the scheduled orbit.The astronauts were in good condition and the launch was successful.[180]
At 7:43 on May 12, 2024, China successfully launched the Test 23 satellite by using the Long March 4C carrier rocket at the Jiuquan Satellite Launch Center. The satellite successfully entered the scheduled orbit and the launch mission was successful.Test 23 satellite is mainly used for space environment detection.[183-184]
May 12, 2024, the launch site of the 23rd satellite
At 12:15 on May 21, 2024, China successfully launched the Wuhan 1 satellite and the ultra-low orbit technology test satellite at Jiuquan Satellite Launch Center by using the Kuaizhou 11 remote four carrier rocket. The satellite successfully entered the scheduled orbit, and the launch mission was successful.The mission also carried and launched Tianyan 22 and Lingque 3 01.[185-186]
May 21, 2024, the launch site of Jiuquan Satellite Launch Center
At 7:39 on May 31, 2024, China successfully launched the Aurora Constellation 01 and 02 by using the Ceres 1 commercial carrier rocket at Jiuquan Satellite Launch Center. The satellite entered the scheduled orbit smoothly, and the launch mission was a complete success.The mission also carried and launched Zhangjiang Gaoke satellite, Yunyao 1 26 satellite and Hebei Linxi 1 satelliteSatellites.[187]
On May 31, 2024, the "Fudan Infostar" carrying the Ceres I Y12 carrier rocket was successfully launched at the Jiuquan Satellite Launch Center.[188]
At 13:00 on June 6, 2024, Xinghe Power Aerospace Company successfully launched the Ceres 1 (Remote 13) carrier rocket (task code: Love On Top) at Jiuquan Satellite Launch Center, and successfully sent TEE-01B (Earth's Eye 1 satellite), Naxing 3 A and B, three satellites in total, and the Aishen orbit retention test platform into the sun synchronous orbit with an instantaneous orbit height of 545km.[189]
At 13:00 on June 6, 2024, China successfully launched TEE-01B by using the Ceres 1 commercial carrier rocket at Jiuquan Satellite Launch Center. The satellite successfully entered the scheduled orbit, and the launch mission was a complete success.The mission also carried and launched Naxing 3 A and B satellites.[190]
technological innovation
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Upgrade system
Jiuquan Satellite Launch Center is located in the Gobi Desert. In view of the possible low temperature, high temperature, sand dust, rain and snow and other extreme weather, the center comprehensively upgrades the air conditioning systems in the rocket enclosed area, satellite enclosed area and process test rooms according to the temperature, humidity and cleanliness requirements that must be maintained after the rocket is transferred to the launch station,Ensure that the satellite and rocket are in a good test environment.In the past 20 years, the number of missions performed by the launch station has increased from several times a year to more than 10 times a year, the test launch process has been shortened from two months to half a month, and the post launch recovery cycle has been shortened from more than 10 days to just a few days. The satellite launch frequency has significantly increased, the test process has been continuously optimized, and the post launch recovery efficiency has been continuously improved, and the cost efficiency and support capability of the launch station have been increasingly enhanced[136]。
Jiuquan Satellite Launch Center has built a new liquid oxygen methane launch site, a solid rocket launch station and other civil and commercial space launch infrastructure, and has the capability to launch multiple types of civil and commercial rockets.Establish a professional team for cryogenic liquid rocket testing and launching, carry out in-depth theoretical study of cryogenic liquid rocket, research on testing and launching process and professional post training, and comprehensively improve the launching ability of civil and commercial liquid rockets.Through carrying out key technology breakthroughs such as new test and launch mode and process reengineering design evaluation, intelligent rapid test and launch control, and low-temperature propellant rapid automatic filling, the system builds a new generation of smart launch technology system for carrier rockets, and comprehensively improves the technical level of automated, intelligent and intelligent launch of launch sites[137]。
Launch station
The first launch station at the launch site of Jiuquan Satellite Launch Center is the first launch station with reinforced concrete as the main structure in China. It was officially put into use in May 2003. It has the ability to carry out satellite launch missions of multiple models and different loads, such as "Fengyun". So far, it has successfully launched the world's first quantum science experiment satelliteMore than 190 satellites, including China's first dark matter particle detection satellite, were put into orbit.This station has been put into use for 20 years. After more than 10 reliability improvements, the intelligent level of rocket test and launch technology has been continuously improved, and automatic testing and automatic interpretation have gradually been realized.With the continuous progress of rocket test launch control technology and the continuous improvement of personnel capability, the station has gradually built up a talent team with one person, many posts, one specialty and many abilities. Three independent 'model teams' have been established, which can independently and simultaneously complete the test launch of model tasks[136]。
Honors won
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In 2005, Jiuquan Satellite Launch Center ranked fifth among the "Top Ten Space Bases in the World" listed on the official website of the National Space Administration of China[140]。
On January 27, 2018, Jiuquan Satellite Launch Center was selected“List of China's Industrial Heritage Protection”。[5]Reason for selection: China established the earliest and largest integrated missile and satellite launch center,One of the three largest manned space launch centers in the world[44]；Has successively completed China's first gold medalSurface to surface missileLaunch, first missilenuclear weaponTest, firstArtificial earth satelliteThe first recoverable artificial earth satellite, the first long-range ballistic missile, the first“Three Stars with One Arrow”It is the first time to provide launching and carrying services for foreign satellites and the first manned spacecraft.[5]
Jiuquan Satellite Launch Center is mainly responsible for launching manned spacecraft and space laboratory.The main task is to be responsible for the testing and launching of launch vehicles, spacecraft, space laboratories, payloads and astronaut system loading equipment at the launch site, and to provide corresponding support conditions.Jiuquan manned space launch site was officially put into use in 1998, adopting the advanced mode of "vertical assembly, vertical test, vertical transportation" and remote test launch control with the international advanced level[88]。
As the home port of China's space industry, Jiuquan Satellite Launch Center has created more than 20 firsts in China's space history, and has completed 12 Shenzhou spacecraft, Tiangong target aircraft, Tiangong laboratory and other major launch missions.In long-term practice, the Center has nurtured the spirit of "two bombs and one satellite", manned space flight and Dongfeng spirit[87]。
Jiuquan Satellite Launch Center, located deep in the Gobi Desert, is the earliest and largest integrated missile and satellite launch center in China, one of the three largest launch sites in the world, and also China's manned space launch site[89]。
In recent years, Jiuquan Satellite Launch Center has focused on the frontier of science and technology to carry out technological breakthroughs, and its space launch capability has achieved a new leap.In particular, since the 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China, Tiangong II, Shenzhou XI, the world's first quantum science experiment satellite "Mozi", the first dark matter particle detection satellite "Wukong", the first hard X-ray modulation telescope satellite "Huiyan", etc. have been successfully launched, and 47 space launch missions have been carried out "successfully and successfully".
According to the plan, Jiuquan Satellite Launch Center will set a new record of more than 20 space launch missions per year in 2018.Ji Duo, secretary of the CPC Central Committee, said: "We will continue the spiritual and cultural characteristics of the Center, never forget our original intention, forge ahead, and strive to build a world-class space center.[120]”（Chinese government online review）
