Zheng Lucheng (August 13, 1914 [I said August 13, 1918[17]】December 7, 1976), formerly known as Zheng Fuen, was born in North KoreaSouth Quanluo RoadKwangju。Zheng Lucheng is the successor of Chinese modern historyNie Er、Xian XinghaiLater, another outstanding composer, the revolutionary music cause of the Chinese proletariatpioneerHe is known as the "father of military songs".
In 1933, Zheng Lucheng came to Nanjing, the capital of China, to join the Korean anti Japanese revolutionary organization "Martyrs' Group" and began to learn music while carrying out revolution.In 1939, Zheng Lucheng created《Yan'an Ode》He rose to fame and officially joined in 1939Communist Party of China, created at the same time《March of the Eighth Route Army》Was renamed《Chinese people's Liberation Army 》。In 1950, Zheng Licheng officially joinedChinese nationality, settle downBeijing。On December 7, 1976, Zheng Lv died of illness.[13]
In 1939, he composed the March of the Eighth Route Army One of the 100 heroes and models who made outstanding contributions to the founding of New China
Zheng Licheng, a member of the Communist Party of China, is a famous composer who created a large number of music works during the Yan'an period and after the founding of New China《March of the Chinese People's Liberation Army》The composer of.Zheng Lucheng was also a member of the Korean Labor Party and the composer of the March of the Korean People's Army.In this regard, Tang He, a Chinese music critic and composer, commented that "two military marches in two countries were written by one composer, which is also extremely rare in the history of world music!" Zheng Lucheng has worked tirelessly throughout his life to achieve national liberation and national independence, creating nearly 400 music works, known as the "father of military songs".[15]
Character's Life
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Childhood
Zheng Lucheng, formerly known as Zheng Fuen, was born in Korea on August 13, 1914 (nowthe republic of korea）South Quanluo RoadGwangju.When he was young, Zheng Lucheng suffered from stuttering and began to learn after he was found to have musical talentviolin。In 1919, the war against Japanese colonial rule broke out in Gwangju“Trinity Movement”。Under the influence of his father and brother's patriotism, Zheng Lucheng had a strong anti Japanese feelings.[2]
Revolutionary years
Zheng Lucheng in Yan'an Period
In 1933, three older brothers of Zheng Lucheng consecutively gave their lives to the revolutionary cause of Korea and China. With a group of progressive Korean youth, Zheng Lucheng, 19, came to China to study in the Nanjing "Korean Revolutionary Cadre School" run by the Korean anti Japanese group in China, and joined the Korean revolutionary organization "Martyrs' Group", "Korean National Liberation League" and other anti Japanese organizations.
In 1936, Zheng Lucheng was introduced by Luo Qing to join the May Literature and Art Society, an anti Japanese and national salvation organization, and served as a director. At the same time, he wrote his first work, Song of May.
1937“July 7th Incident”Later, Zheng Lucheng metXian XinghaiAnd cooperated with them for a long time to produce film songs and record.In October of the same year, Zheng Lucheng went to Yan'an with enthusiasm and entered the public school in northern ShaanxiLu Xun Art CollegeStudy in music department.
In 1938, Zheng Lucheng was appointed as music director of the Chinese People's Anti Japanese Military and Political University and vocal music teacher of the Lu Xun Academy of Arts.Then Zheng Lucheng wrote a large number of revolutionary songs:《Yan'an Ode》《Yanshui Ballad》《Defend Wuhan》《Production ballad》《Message to Lang》《March of the October Revolution》March of the Eighth Route Army, etc.
In January 1939, Zheng Licheng officially joined the Communist Party of China.[3]
In the spring of 1942Zhou YangUnder the auspices of Zheng LuchengDing CedarA wedding was held.
In August 1942, Zheng Lucheng was assigned to the headquarters of the Eighth Route Army in Taihang MountainsNorth China Korean Revolutionary Military and Political SchoolEducation director.
In 1945, after coming to Korea with his wife, Zheng Lucheng successively served as the head of the propaganda department of the Yellow Sea Road Committee of the Korean Labor Party, the head of the Korean People's Army Club, the head of the Korean People's Army Concerto Group, and the head of the composition department of the Korean National Music University. He composed "8.15" Ode, "Korean People's Army March," "Korean Liberation March," and "Sing to the New China" for the Korean army and people,Cantata《Tumen River》《Donghai Fisherman》And more than ten other works.
At the beginning of 1949, Zheng Lucheng and his wife were transferred to the business delegation of the Northeast Administrative Committee of China in Pyongyang as representatives, and the relationship between the party was also transferred from the Korean Labor Party to the Communist Party of China.In the same period, Zheng Lucheng was transferred from the People's Army and assigned to the Korean National Music University as the music minister.
New China
Zheng Lucheng Picks Folk Songs in the Countryside
In 1950, the Korean War broke outZhou EnlaiWith the approval of the Premier, Zheng Lucheng returned to China with his wife and became a Chinese citizen.Assigned toBeijing People's Art TheaterWork.[4]
In December 1950, Zheng Lucheng andLiu Baiyu、Ouyang Shanzun、Ling Zifeng、Li YingThey went to Korea together.He cooperated with Liu Baiyu to write《Sing Baiyun Mountain》, he andWei WeiComrades' cooperation has created a rich Korean style《Dear army, dear man》And cooperated with comrade Ouyang Shanzun to write《March of the Chinese People's Volunteers》And《Ten praises of volunteer army》。
In 1956, Zheng Lucheng was transferred to the Central Orchestra (now the China Symphony Orchestra) to compose music in the studio.He went deep into factories, rural areas and border defense, traveled all over China, searched for new creative materials everywhere, created for workers, peasants and soldiers, and wrote a large number of music works.
In 2005, Zhu Yingjie, Chinese Cultural Counselor in Korea and Director of the Chinese Cultural Center in Korea, said, "Zheng Lucheng is not only a musician who brought hope to Asia during the Anti Japanese War, but also a representative musician who advocates peace through music."
In 2007,China Symphony OrchestraHead of delegationGuanxiaHe said: "Zheng Lucheng is the composer of our group. He created the military songs of China and North Korea, reflecting the common aspirations of the people of China, North Korea and South Korea, and was commemorated by the people of the three countries, which is unparalleled among composers in the world."
Ode to Yan'an, Ballad of Yanshui, March of the Eighth Route Army (Military Song of the Chinese People's Liberation Army), March of the Korean People's Army, Xing'an Mountain Suite, March of the Chinese People's Volunteers, Three Sixteen Word Orders, Loushan Pass, etc
Children's songs
How Happy We Are, Star Song, etc
opera
Watchman Cloud, etc
chorus
Snow on the Xing'an Mountains, etc
In June 2019, the Military Song of the Chinese People's Liberation Army was selected as "100 excellent songs to celebrate the 70th anniversary of the founding of the People's Republic of China" by the Propaganda Department.[5]
（References of representative works:[2]）
Anecdotes and allusions
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The Mystery of Life
In order to cover up as a minor when participating in anti Japanese activities, Zheng Lucheng changed his age by 4 years.Therefore, in some relevant records, Zheng Lucheng's birthday was written as 1918.However, after detailed textual research by relatives and friends in South Korea, including checking various documents such as household registration data of that year, it was confirmed that his exact birth year was 1914.[6]
Pursue beauty
Zheng Lucheng and his wife Ding Xuesong are on the Tiananmen Temple
In 1937, Zheng Lucheng met Ding Xuesong in his work in Yan'an, and they secretly liked each other.One day, when Ding returned to his cave, he found that the cave was cleaned and there was a bunch of dried flowers on the table.After a few days, I felt very strange again.Until one day, I found that the room was cleaned and there were two popular novels beside the bouquet, Anna Karenina and La Traviata.Ding Xuesong was surprised and pleased. He picked up the book and saw a note inside: "To the little girl officer, signed Zheng Lucheng.".Ding Xuesong was very excited at the moment, so they made love.In two years, they overcame the tortuous political resistance and finally achieved a successful combination.[7]
Father loves endlessly
In April 1943, Ding Xuesong, who was pregnant, fell down on a snowy hillside, resulting in premature delivery. But she had no milk to feed her daughter. She had to sell Zheng Lucheng's beloved violin and exchange it for a ewe that had just given birth to a lamb.In memory of the lost violin, Ding Xuesong named his daughter "Xiao Ti".
Since Ding Xuesong is going to work in the countryside, when she is considering giving her child to someone else to raise, Zheng Lucheng has no hesitation in taking on the responsibility of "nanny".He first got two ewes and milked his daughter on weekdays. He was even more scrupulous when it came to washing and shampooing. He was afraid of wronging his daughter, just like a good father full of "maternal love".
Soon, her daughter, Xiao Ti, suffered from pertussis and dysentery. She had a high fever. People said that the child could not survive.Zheng Lucheng put the antipyretic medicine he brought back from the past into a needle and injected his daughter himself.It was such injections that she finally got rid of her fever.[7]
Commemoration for future generations
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Zheng Lucheng Music Festival
On November 11, 2005, the first session was held in Gwangju, South KoreaGuangzhou Zheng Lucheng International Music FestivalTo commemorate the famous Chinese composer Zheng Lucheng.[8]
Zheng Licheng Memorial Hall
Zheng Licheng Memorial Hall
In April 2009, the People's Musician Zheng Lucheng Memorial Hall was established at No. 233 Youyi Road, Daoli District, Harbin City, showing the 62 years of revolutionary music life of the People's Musician Zheng Lucheng.
The total area of the exhibition hall is 1350 square meters. It is divided into eight exhibition halls, namely, the opening hall, the turbulent years, the years of Yan'an, the journey of friendship, the feeling of black soil, the singers of the times, the roots in the motherland, and the ending hall. More than 500 physical exhibits and nearly 1000 precious photos are collected and displayed.[10]
Zheng Lucheng's Stele
In 2013, a famous Chinese poetQiao YuIn "Zheng Lucheng's Stele", he wrote: "... At the beginning of the Anti Japanese War, Lucheng wrote" Ode to Yan'an "shortly after arriving in Yan'an. This song is like a bird spreading its wings, flying from Yan'an to all liberated areas, all over China, and overseas.At the historical juncture of the Chinese nation's life and death, one generation of our team sang this song and ran to the revolutionary holy land of Yan'an with enthusiasm and determination... "[11]
Commemorative film
In 1989, the Korean Erba Art Film Studio produced Musician Zheng Lucheng, a film typical of the image of Comrade Zheng Lucheng.kim jong ilComrade Wu Huiying, the best writer of the Korean People's Army and winner of the "People's Award", was sent to China to collect materials and write scripts.It took three years for the Korean Erba Art Film Studio to complete the large-scale color feature film "Musician Zheng Lucheng", which has been shown around the country for a long time since its release in 1992.
In 2002, Changchun Film Studio《Go to the sun》It tells the story of Zheng Lucheng, who loved music when he was young, but was forced to participate in anti Japanese activities and learn music because of the rampant Japanese invaders, and became a military composer.He praised Zheng Lucheng's noble sentiment of loving peace, opposing Japanese aggression and singing for the people and progress.
In July 2014, the Organizing Committee of the Gwangju International Film Festival in South Korea said on the 31st that, in order to commemorate the 100th anniversary of the birth of musician Zheng Lucheng, the Committee will work with the Beijing Film Academy to produce films with Zheng Lucheng as the theme.The production cost of the film reached 1 billion Korean won (about 6.02 million yuan).To this end, the ROK and China held the "ROK China Film Forum" at Quannan University in Gwangju, South Korea, on August 29, with the theme of "the current situation and prospects of ROK China cooperation in film production".[12]
In March 2015, Beijing Haiyan Heqing Film Culture Co., Ltd. and South Korea (Zhuzhou) Tongcheng Production Institute cooperated to shoot Young Zheng Lucheng.[1]
