Channel protein

Hydrophilic channel across plasma membrane

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Channel proteins span plasma membrane Of Hydrophilicity Channel, allowing the appropriate size of ion cis concentration gradient Pass, including ion channel 、 Porin 、 aquaporins 。 The channels formed by some channel proteins are usually open, such as potassium Leakage channel (leak channels, also known as "resting potato channels"), allowing Potassium ion Constant outflow. Some channel proteins are usually closed, that is, the "door" is not continuously open, but only opened under specific stimulation, and it is opened and closed instantaneously. In a few milliseconds, some ions metabolite Or other solutes along the concentration gradient Free diffusion adopt cell membrane These channel proteins are also called gate channels.

Chinese name: Channel protein
Foreign name: channel protein
Classification: Aquaporins and Ion Channel Proteins

Feature 1: Mediate passive transport
Characteristic 2: Highly selective for ions
Feature 3: Fast transfer speed
Feature 4: Some do not open continuously and are controlled by "door"

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one brief introduction
two classification

brief introduction

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Channel proteins are a class of proteins that span the cell membrane, enabling molecules of appropriate size and charged molecules to pass through simple Free diffusion Motion, from plasma membrane A protein that is transported from one side to the other.

classification

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Aquaporin and Ion channel protein

Channel proteins can be monomer proteins or multiple proteins Subunit They are all hydrophobic amino acid The chains are rearranged to form an aqueous channel. Channel proteins themselves do not directly interact with small charged molecules. These small charged molecules can freely diffuse through Lipid bilayer in Membrane protein Water channel formed by charged hydrophilic zone. Channel protein Transport role It is selective, so cell membrane There are various channel proteins in the. Channel proteins are only involved in Passive transportation , on Transportation process It does not combine with the molecules being transported and will not move. It is transported from high concentration to low concentration, so it does not consume energy during transportation.

Aquaporin structure

Water channels are closely related to the maintenance of human body fluid balance, for example, glomerulus Of Filtration and Renal tubule Of Reabsorption Are directly related to the structure and function of the water channel.

Structure of plant anion channel protein^[2]

ion channel Is created by protein Composed of compounds. An ion channel allows only one ion to pass through, and only opens instantaneously when a specific stimulus occurs. Ion channel and nerve information transmission nervous system It is closely related to muscular diseases. It was not until 1998 that American scientist McKinnon measured Potassium ion channel The three-dimensional structure of.^[1]

Structure of iron channel protein^[3]

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