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General Motors

American automobile manufacturers

General Motors Company (GM) was founded on September 16, 1908, with revenue of USD 171.8 billion in 2023. since William Durant Since the founding of General Motors, the global production and sales of General Motors include Buick 、 Chevrolet 、 Cadillac 、 GMC And a series of brand models such as Horton and provide services. In 2014, the full range of models of multiple brands under GM sold well in more than 120 countries and regions, including electric vehicles, mini cars, heavy full-size trucks Compact car and open car 。^[67]

In November 2018 North America There are about 14700 layoffs in the region, which is expected to be closed in the United States and Canada 5 factories.

On September 16, 2019, nearly 50000 GM workers began to strike from zero. This is their first nationwide strike in 12 years. The workers will return to work after the two sides reach a new four-year agreement.

On November 23, 2020, General Motors announced that it would recall about 7 million large vehicles worldwide Pickup Cars and SUV These vehicles are equipped with potentially dangerous Takata Safety air bag 。^[1]

On May 26, 2021, General Motors and Lockheed Martin will develop a lunar rover 。^[21]

General Motors said on October 11, 2022 that it would invest up to $69 million in Queensland Pacific Metals to lock Electric core New sources of nickel and cobalt used.^[37]

On April 24, 2024 local time, General Motors of the United States announced that the Angel Star Smart Drive System would be disabled.^[64]

On May 7, 2024, General Motors announced that it was the current Vice President of Global Business Operations Steve Hill (Steve Hill) will serve as GM Global Senior Vice President and President of GM China.^[66]

corporate name: General Motors
Foreign name: General Motors Corporation
Date of establishment: September 16, 1908
Headquarters location: U.S.A Michigan Detroit
Business scope: Automobile manufacturer

Company type: listed company
Annual turnover: US $137.237 billion^[2] (2020)
Number of employees: 173000 people^[2] (2019)
Official website: http://www.gm.com/
World Top 500: 18th (2017)^[3]
Annual revenue: 156735 (million dollars)

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Sign source

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Its logo GM is taken from the first letter of the first two words of its English name (General Motors Corporation). Each model trademark of General Motors Company has adopted the logo of its subordinate divisions.

In January 2021, General Motors announced the replacement of its corporate logo to show its current and future development direction.^[4]

Corporate structure

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GM consists of the following departments:

GM NorthAmerica North America region

GM Europe

GM International Operations International operations Department

GM South America GM South America

GM Financial

Company History

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Company predecessor

General Motors was founded in 1903 by David· Buick Buick Motors,^[31-32] In 1908, William C. Durant, the largest wagon manufacturer in the United States, bought Buick Automobile Company and became the general manager of the company. At the same time, he launched the C-type car. In order to promote this kind of car, Durant quickly established a distribution network and attracted large orders far more than the company's throughput 。 By 1908, Buick had become a major automobile manufacturer in the United States, and Durant wanted to end the automotive industry number Hundred The company coexists, so we strongly support Benjamin Crisco's suggestion that Buick Ford Maxwell Brisco, Oz and other major automobile companies are proposed to merge, but the negotiation is based on Ford Asking price A whopping $8 million ended in failure. In the same year, Durant established an automobile holding company - General Motors (GM) on the basis of Buick Motor Company and Oz Motor Company, and merged two other automobile companies in 1909—— Auckland Motor Company and Cadillac Automobile Company 。

For a hundred years, General Motors and its products have touched the lives of countless consumers around the world. After 100 years of innovation and development, from the most unpopular beginning on September 16, 1908 to Alfred Sloan's famous strategy of "different wallets, different goals, different models"; From the world's first mass production sports car to the first model Fuel efficiency Vehicles with 3.53 liters of fuel per hundred kilometers (80 miles per gallon); Acquisition from Chevrolet 、 Opel 、 Vauxhall Up to now, these world famous automobile brands have focused on developing new "green" power propulsion technology, and GM has developed markets far beyond the birthplace of the company.^[5]

develop and grow

From 1897 to 1909, the company was established and expanded

When the first American auto show was held in New York in 1900 average life span Not yet 50 years old; Less than 15% of households have bathtubs; The number of cars in China is less than 8000.

However, more than 300 new models were displayed at that auto show, attracting more than 50000 consumers to buy them. As cars have become the dream of the general public, more than 100 different emerging American companies soon joined the competition in the industry - two-thirds of the cars they produce are powered by steam or electricity.

Although the newspapers at that time did not pay attention to General Motors, which was born on September 16, 1908, in less than two years, General Motors acquired more than 20 companies on a large scale, and also became Wall Street One of the most highly rated companies. Under the banner of General Motors, Buick Oldsmobile 、 Cadillac Auckland (later renamed Pontiac ）The brand soon became a household name, and its scope of business Far beyond its birthplace Michigan Flint.

In 1876, the world's first working internal combustion engine was born and in 1885, the first car was manufactured in the European continent. Adam Opel, a German company that originally produced sewing machines and bicycles, also began to devote itself to the automotive industry; At the same time, Vauxhall, a British company, also began to produce cars.

In 1908, General Motors was officially born

At Durant's insistence, General Motors was officially established on September 16, 1908. Its initial assets only included Durant's Buick Motor Company, which failed to attract the public and The press To the white star Shipping company Announcing that GM will begin to build the world's largest ocean liner Titanic GM really began to influence this industry.

From 1910 to 1929, the automobile industry accelerated its development

Many early inventions have brought new possibilities and dreams to people all over the world, such as electric light, telephone radio And cars, etc. Due to the unprecedented expansion of demand for automobiles in the 1920s, GM had to accelerate the pace of product and marketing reform.

GM first Electronic starter It is unique. The inventor of this device is Charles "Boss" Kettering, a famous inventor and researcher, who applied this invention to Cadillac in 1912. The advent of electronic starter is still recognized as the most influential automotive innovation in the 20th century.

A few years later, General Motors Financial Services （ GMAC ）Has created a new type of retail finance Business model 。

With famous designers Harley Earl （ Automobile Design The first design work (1927 LaSalle) of the father of GM entered a new era of development. Since then, the car is no longer just a means of transportation.

By using the famous "different wallets, different goals, different models" management strategy , GM's brand image And automobile products have become consumers Self worth And the representative and embodiment of noble status.

With the acquisition of Chevrolet, Vauxhall and Opel brands in 1918, 1925 and 1929, GM has far more automobile brands and models than any other automobile manufacturer. In less than ten years, the company has opened new assembly plants in more than ten countries, including China, Japan and India.

During this period, General Motors has become a global company.

1930-1959, an era full of passion

Throughout the 1930s, American Great Depression The political changes in Europe have brought anxiety to the world, but GM's pursuit of innovation remains unchanged. along with World War II With the end of the 20th century and the arrival of the peaceful period, consumers are full of unprecedented desire for goods that have been in short supply for a long time. With its landmark design, GM responded quickly and has continued this spirit.

In addition to innovations such as the single structure of independent front wheel suspension and the integral steel roof, GM has applied new designs to a series of new cars, including 1949 models Buick Roadmaster 、 Chevrolet Corvette With BelAir and 1959 Cadillac El Dorado.

During the war, GM supplied far more goods to the Allied forces than other companies. In 1940, former GM President William Knudsen was appointed by President Roosevelt as the new wartime Production management Office Chairman. By 1942, GM's production was 100% supplied for the Allied war. During this period, General Motors provided more than 12 billion dollars worth of materials, including aircraft, trucks and tanks.

1960-1979, an era of great change

6、 The 1970s was an era full of new challenges and great changes. environmental problems The price increase and the intensification of overseas competition have prompted GM to make unprecedented changes to all its products and make its cars smaller. This is the largest automobile industry in history Engineering reengineering The project has led the whole industry to pursue lightweight Aerodynamics , High Fuel economy The era of.

In 1971, General Motors took the lead in developing low lead or Unleaded gasoline Engine. Two years later, GM Mass production vehicle Upper equipped Safety air bag 。 In 1974, with catalytic exhaust purification system General Motors has taken the most important step in reducing emissions. This technology, shared by General Motors, is still widely used in the entire automotive industry.

But the horizon has become cloudy. Germany and Japan recovered from the ruins of World War II and began to export cars in large quantities to the United States. The soaring fuel prices have stimulated consumers to Oil saving A great interest has been generated in the M - type car. GM is also in a hurry to start developing small cars. However, the scale of the company is too large and once too brilliant. This change cannot be completed overnight. As a result, GM's undisputed control position in the US market began to be threatened.

1980-1999, globalization pace

GM has been actively promoting internationalization. In the 1980s and 1990s, in order to meet the new challenges of globalization operating efficiency And better communicate with the world competitor Competition, GM North America A series of restructurings were carried out, and eventually integrated into a business unit.

1982, Spain Zaragoza The opening of the new factory marks the beginning of GM's production expansion outside the North American market. The plant was immediately put into production of oil saving Opel Corsa after its opening. With the launch of joint ventures in China and India, and Saab and Hummer The brand joins the GM family, and the company Coverage And the diversity of sales of cars.

1995 was an unusual year for General Motors. This year, the sales volume of cars outside the North American market exceeded 3 million for the first time. Five million cars were sold in the US market that year. At the same time, GM signed the first joint venture agreement with China. At the end of the 1990s, GM laid the foundation for global growth in the new century.

During this period, GM also worked with Toyota The joint venture established NUMMI joint venture. At the same time, Saturn branch was established. This new company mainly produces new small cars and creates a new business model. The experience gained from these innovations was quickly popularized throughout General Motors. At the same time, the company benefited from the prosperity of trucks, and millions of American families chose SUV As a means of transportation. However, the early historical burden still restricts the company's progress. In most passenger car fields, Japanese, German and Korean competitors occupy Leading edge 。

From 2000 to 2008, innovation and challenges

With the advent of the new millennium, General Motors in China Brazil etc. emerging market It has taken the initiative in the market and basically completed the transformation to a global company. General use in 2002 Daewoo Motor Co The establishment of Manufacturing The new organization of GM has added impetus to the global growth of the Chevrolet brand, and the design and quality of GM's new models have been effectively improved. But it was also found that it was difficult for the company to win from overseas competitors market share 。 As a historical burden accumulated by large and inefficient companies for decades, it continues to drag down the company's financial data.

At the same time, this is also a period of rapid innovation for General Motors. The company continued to promote electric vehicle technology and developed a series of Hydrogen power fuel cell Concept car and demonstration car. In January 2007, General Motors showed to the world for the first time Chevrolet Volt Concept car, and make the whole Automobile industry Is one of the earthquakes. Volt Volt Intercity traffic can be carried out depending on the battery energy, and after the battery energy is exhausted, it can be switched to the extended range mode to complete the endurance. The first batch of Volt Volanda was delivered to consumers in December 2010. At the same time, GM has become the industry leader in developing flexible fuel vehicles, which can use gasoline or E85 Drive and develop exquisite Dual mode hybrid power system , effectively improving the fuel economy of large trucks and SUVs.

Major new models include Chevrolet sonic Small cars Chevrolet Equinox Crossover and Pontiac Solstice And Saturn Sky roadster. The new Saturn Aura and Chevrolet Malibu Bring GM back Medium-sized car The battlefield. and Cadillac CTS Cadillac started its renaissance and became a strong driving force for growth.

Economic recession in 2008 and global Credit crisis Pushed car sales to the brink of recession, exhausted private capital 。 Severe deficiency working capital GM US Treasury Of Bridge Loan 。 according to Loan conditions The company should accelerate the difficult restructuring of its US business. This process has been going on for many years.

In 2009, Bankruptcy reorganization

At 8:00 local time on June 1, 2009, according to US Bankruptcy Law Chapter 11 Officially Presented to New York Bankruptcy court submit Bankruptcy petition 。 GM, founded in 1908, will become the third largest enterprise in the United States, the largest manufacturing enterprise, and the second largest enterprise with the number of employees involved in bankruptcy, applying for bankruptcy in accordance with Chapter 11 of the U.S. Bankruptcy Law. At the same time, it is also the successor of the American automobile industry Chrysler apply bankruptcy protection Later, another global auto giant went bankrupt.

Return to Wall Street in 2010

GM CEO Akerson

On November 18, 2010, General Motors returned to Wall Street after being delisted a year and a half ago.

One and a half years after General Motors applied for bankruptcy protection, it completed reform and streamlining. The new company went public, and its stock rose significantly U.S. government And other governments to provide $50 billion in emergency loans Economic downturn As for GM, the company's listing is a huge turning point.

General Motors in 2012

After bankruptcy and reorganization, General Motors has renewed its vitality. In 2012, GM's global car sales reached 9285991, ranking second only to Toyota Motor Group. In 2012, General Motors business income It reached US $152.3 billion, Net profit It reached $4.9 billion, the third year in a row after GM went through bankruptcy and restructuring. Among them, GM's performance in the two most important markets in the world - the United States and China is very eye-catching.

On January 4, 2016, General Motors announced that the board of directors of the company had unanimously approved the appointment CEO Mary Barra The appointment shall take effect immediately if he is also the chairman of the board of directors. 2017, issued on June 7, 2017《 wealth 》It ranks 18th in the list of the top 500 of the United States. On July 19, 2018, Fortune World Top 500 General Motors ranked 21st in the ranking.^[6]

Lunar rover in 2021

On May 26, 2021, General Motors announced that it would cooperate with Lockheed Martin to develop a self driving Electric off-road lunar rover 。^[21]

Automobile battery factory

On January 24, 2022, American Automobile Company announced that it would invest 7 billion dollars (about RMB 44.28 billion yuan) to build an automobile battery factory in Michigan, and renovate an existing factory outside Detroit, so as to start producing electric pickups by 2024.^[26]

In 2022, LG LG Energy Solution and General Motors (GM) plan to build the fourth joint venture battery factory in the United States this year.^[27]

and Honda Announce cooperation

On April 6, 2022, General Motors and Honda announced that they would reach a cooperation, and the two sides would develop multiple low-cost electric vehicles based on the new platform, starting from 2027 mass production 。^[28]

In June 2023, General Motors announced that it would adopt Tesla's North American charging standard together with Ford. According to the agreement reached by both parties, in the future, GM's electric vehicle users will be able to directly use Tesla's charging network.^[46]

On June 12, 2023, the official website of General Motors announced that it planned to invest 632 million dollars in the Fort Wayne assembly plant to prepare for the production of the next generation of full-size light-duty pickups with internal combustion engines (ICE).^[48]

On April 3, 2024, General Motors announced that in the first quarter of this year, its retail sales in the Chinese market exceeded 440000 vehicles. The sales volume of new energy vehicles increased by 42.6% year on year, exceeding 128000 vehicles, hitting a record quarterly sales volume.^[63]

On June 6, 2024, SAIC GM announced the launch of RoboTest unmanned intelligent vehicle test platform, and put into systematic application in Guangde R&D and Test Center, aiming to accelerate the intelligent and efficient process of vehicle R&D and testing.^[68]

Brands

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Buick

On May 19, 1903, David Buick (David Buick) created the Buick Automobile companies. In 1908, its output reached 8820 vehicles, ranking first in the United States, and it founded General Motors with Buick as the center. Buick is the second largest division of General Motors. Buick has the characteristics of high horsepower, personalization, practicality and maturity.

Buick

Buick's logo is three shields. Its arrangement gives people a sense of high starting point and continuous climbing, which symbolizes a spirit of positive progress and continuous climbing. Text Buick is the name of David Buick, the founder of the company.

Chevrolet

Chevrolet international brand Its lineage has been passed down for nearly a hundred years. It is the brand with the largest sales volume in the world. Since the first product was launched in 1912, the global total sales volume has exceeded 100 million vehicles. In 2012, the global sales volume of Chevrolet exceeded 4.95 million, a record high. As the most international and popular brand under GM, Chevrolet has powerful technology and Market resources 。 Chevrolet brand positioning It is a popular and trustworthy international automobile brand. Brand personality Yes: 1. Trustworthy; 2. Smart and pragmatic; 3. Affinity and friendliness; 4. Full of vitality.

Chevrolet's bow tie logo was created by one of GM's founders William Durant Designed in late 1913. However, there are many versions of the story of this logo becoming the synonym of Chevrolet brand. The version that has been circulated for the longest time and is widely known, and also confirmed by Durant himself, is that Durant himself created the Chevrolet bow tie logo, which is inspired by Paris A hotel Wallpaper design. According to the 1961 Chevrolet brand 50 Anniversary celebration In 1908, Durant accidentally saw the pattern on the wallpaper in a French hotel when he was traveling around the world. He tore off a piece of wallpaper and preserved it and showed it to his friends. He thought it would become a perfect wallpaper Car logo 。”

However, there are many Chevrolet Bowtie Logo design Different versions of the origin, each version can justify itself, making the origin of this symbol more mysterious, as if the truth will never be revealed. There are two versions of many stories from the Durant family. In 1929, Durant's daughter Margery published a book called My Father. The book mentions that Durant often sits at the dining table and repeatedly doodles car signs on pieces of paper. Margery wrote: "I think it was one night, between cups, plates and cups, he outlined the logo used by Chevrolet."

Cadillac

In 1902, Cadillac Born in the United States Auto City Of Detroit 。 In Webster's Dictionary, Cadillac is defined as "the most outstanding and prestigious thing of its kind" synonym ； It has been praised as a "world standard" by the Royal Automobile Club of London, which is famous for its pursuit of extreme dignity.

Cadillac logo is the concentrated embodiment of its spiritual connotation Development stage It is not difficult to see the changes in the design of Cadillac logo. Since its birth, the design of its corolla and shield has constantly presented breakthrough changes in different times, reaching as many as 30 times in the past century. This fully reflects Cadillac's confidence and courage: while inheriting the courage and honor of the founders of Detroit City, Cadillac continues to inject bold and forward-looking Design concept 。

At the beginning of this century, Cadillac once again made a refreshing change to the logo. The new logo is bright in color and bright in outline, with platinum color as the background color, while the corolla retains the original color combination: golden yellow and pure black, symbolizing wisdom and wealth; The shield is composed of different colors: red represents boldness of action and pursuit of innovation, silver represents purity, kindness, virtue and satisfaction, and blue represents heroic Chivalry The new logo once again outlines the classic, noble and breakthrough spirit of Cadillac brand.

GMC

The first time GMC truck acts as Nameplate It appeared in 1912 New York International Auto Show Last year, GMC produced 372 trucks. The predecessor of GMC is "Rapid Motor Vehicle Company", which was acquired by General Motors in 1909 and merged with the later "Reliance Motor Car Company" into General Motors Truck Company. the Second World War During this period, GMC produced 600000 trucks for use by the US military. In 1960, GMC began to transform production for personal use And launched the brand's first full-size pickup Sierra for personal use that year.

Horton

Horton（ Holden ）Yes Australia A brand that people are proud of. This brand has been used in Australia since 1856. At that time, Holden Company was mainly engaged in the manufacturing of transportation and metallurgical products. In 1918, Holden Company designed and manufactured car bodies for customers for the first time, and then gradually set foot in the automobile manufacturing industry. In 1931, GM Australia and Holden Corporate merger , established "General- Horton ”。 In 1936, the company Melbourne The establishment of headquarters and production, service, sales and other departments started in Australia Automobile production The rapid development of. By 2002, the annual sales volume of the company had reached 5.94 billion Australian dollars, with a total of 175442 cars sold (some of which were imported from the US headquarters), accounting for the total sales volume of Australia in that year car sales 19.3% of the total quantity, ranking top in the local market.

Horton's logo is the red of a lion's rolling ball Circular relief Its design inspiration comes from an ancient legend: the scene of an Egyptian lion rolling stones inspired mankind to invent the wheel. Holden not only dominates the Australian car world, but also is famous for forging powerful engines. The red lion is even more symbolic meaning 。

Company Honors

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On July 19, 2018, the Fortune Global 500 list was released, and General Motors ranked 21.^[6]

On December 18, 2018, World Brand Lab Prepared《 2018 World Top 500 Brands 》It was announced that General Motors ranked 59th.

July 2019, selected in 2019《 wealth 》 World Top 500 。^[7]

In October 2019, General Motors was listed Intelligent driving technology field Number of patent applications Top 10 companies/institutions, ranking 7th.^[8]

On May 13, 2020, General Motors ranked 89th in the 2020 Forbes Global 2000.^[9-10]

On May 18, 2020, General Motors ranked 18th on the Fortune 500 list in 2020.^[11]

On August 10, 2020, General Motors was listed Fortune Global 500 in 2020 The 40th.^[12]

In May 2021, General Motors ranked "2021 Forbes Global 2000 ”47 Bit.^[20]

On June 2, 2021, ranked 22nd in the Fortune 500 list in 2021^[22] Bit.

Selected in October 2021 Forbes two thousand and twenty-one World's Best Employers , ranking 50th.^[23]

May 23, 2022, ranked Ranking of Fortune 500 in 2022 25th.^[29]

In August 2022, General Motors was listed Ranking of Fortune Global 500 in 2022 Bit 64.^[33]

In December 2022, General Motors ranked first《 2022 Hurun Global 500 》The 258th bit.^[39]

In June 2023, with a revenue of 156735 (million dollars), he was listed in the 2023 Fortune 500, ranking No 21 bits.^[45]

In June 2023, he was selected into the list of Forbes Global 2000 in 2023.^[47]

In August 2023, General Motors was listed in the Fortune Global 500 list of 2023, ranking 50th with a revenue of 156735 (million dollars)^[50] 。

Chinese companies

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GM has been in China for more than 90 years, and its development vision in China is to work together Strategic partners , committed to building China's automobile industry The best participant and supporter of.

General Motors has established 12 joint ventures and 2 Wholly owned subsidiary , with more than 58000 employees. GM imports, manufactures and sells in China Buick 、 Cadillac 、 Chevrolet 、 Baojun 、 Wuling And brand liberation Series of products , provided Product line It ranks first among all multinational automobile enterprises in China. In 2012, GM and its joint ventures sold 2836128 vehicles in China, up 11.3% year on year.

General Motors (China) Investment Co., Ltd

General Motors (China) Investment Co., Ltd. is a wholly owned enterprise established by General Motors in Shanghai. It has all the local employees of General Motors in China, and is also the investor of the joint venture of General Motors in China.

Shanghai General Motors Co., Ltd

Shanghai General Motors Co., Ltd GM China Company and Shanghai Automotive Industry (Group) Corporation Jointly established China's leading passenger car production joint venture. GM China owns 50% of the shares. Shanghai General Motors Founded in June 1997, it has a huge sales, after-sales service and parts supply network; Import, produce and sell Buick, Cadillac, Chevrolet and other brand products. Following Shanghai and Shandong Yantai , and Liaoning Shenyang After the manufacturing base, Shanghai General Motors is in Hubei Wuhan It started construction of its fourth manufacturing base in China. In 2012, Shanghai GM's domestic sales totaled 1331022 vehicles, hitting a new record.

Pan Asia Automotive Technology Center Co., Ltd

Pan Asian Automotive Technology Center GM China and SAIC Group For a joint venture jointly established, each party holds 50% of the shares. It can provide a series of Automotive Engineering Services, including design, development, testing and parts and vehicle certification. Such as Chevrolet Sail 、 Buick GL8 Luxury business cars and other popular models of Shanghai GM were developed by Pan Asia Automotive Technology Center.

SAIC GM Wuling Automobile Co., Ltd

SAIC GM Wuling Automobile Co., Ltd It was jointly established by SAIC Group, GM China and Wuling Automobile on November 18, 2002 Joint Venture 。 GM China holds 44.0% of the shares, SAIC Group and Wuling Automobile hold 50.1% and 5.9% respectively. Corporate Headquarters be located Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region city in Guangxi Liuzhou has two major manufacturing bases, Liuzhou and Qingdao. In 2012, SAIC GM Wuling's new passenger car base near its Liuzhou headquarters was completed and put into operation, and announced plans to build a third manufacturing base in Chongqing. SAIC GM Wuling produces a series of Wuling brands Minivan , minivans, and the growing Baojun brand passenger cars. In 2012, SAIC GM Wuling sold 1445203 cars in China. those under one's command Wuling light Has been in China for nine consecutive years Automobile market Single model sales champion.

Shanghai GM Beisheng Automobile Co., Ltd

Shanghai GM Beisheng Automobile Co., Ltd. is located in Liaoning Province Shenyang The former Jinbei General Motors Co., Ltd. Shanghai General Motors holds 50% of the shares and supervises the operation of the company. SAIC Group and General Motors China each hold 25% of the shares. The company produces Buick GL8 Business vehicles Buick Luzhun Business vehicles and Chevrolet Cruz Compact car 。

Shanghai GM Dongyue Automobile Co., Ltd

Shanghai GM Dongyue Automobile Co., Ltd. is located in Shandong Province Yantai SAIC, GM China Shanghai General Motors Corporation Joint contribution For the established company, Shanghai General Motors Co., Ltd. holds 50% of the equity and supervises the company's operation. GM China Co., Ltd. and SAIC Group each hold 25% of the equity. Shanghai GM Dongyue Automobile Co., Ltd. produces Chevrolet.

Shanghai General Dongyue Power Assembly Co., Ltd

Shanghai GM Dongyue Powertrain Co., Ltd. is located in Yantai, Shandong Province. Shanghai GM accounts for 50% of the shares and supervises the operation of the company. SAIC Group and GM China each hold 25% of the shares. Shanghai GM Dongyue Powertrain Co., Ltd. mainly supplies engines and transmissions to Shanghai GM.

SAIC General Motors Finance Co., Ltd

Established in August 2004, SAIC GM Finance Co., Ltd. is the first company approved to operate in China Auto Finance Company 。 The company is United Auto Finance Corporation （Ally Financial Inc. , formerly GMAC Inc.) SAIC Group Finance Co., Ltd (SAICFC) and Shanghai General Motors, and provide wholesale financing and retail credit services for some dealer outlets of Shanghai General Motors. As of the end of March 2013, SAIC GM financial retail credit Customer proximity 1.1 million yuan, with service outlets covering 6500 dealers in 338 cities nationwide, and service assets exceeding 40 billion yuan.

Shanghai Anjixing Information Service Co., Ltd

Shanghai Angelstar Information Service Co., Ltd. is a joint venture headquartered in Shanghai that provides safety, security and on-board information services for vehicles. Since December 2009, the company has gradually provided some models produced and sold by SGM in China On board information service 。 As a wholly-owned subsidiary of GM and SAIC, OnStar and Shanghai Automobile Industry Sales Co., Ltd They respectively hold 40% of the shares of Shanghai Angelstar Information Service Co., Ltd., and Shanghai General Motors, the joint venture of the two parties in China, holds 20% of the shares of the joint venture. Shanghai Anjixing Information Service Co., Ltd. in Shanghai and Fujian Xiamen With a call center, it has more than 600000 users in China, becoming a leader in the vehicle information service industry.

FAW General Light Commercial Vehicle Co., Ltd

FAW GM Light Commercial Vehicle Co., Ltd. is a 50% joint venture established by GM China and FAW Group. The headquarters of the joint venture company is located in Jilin province Changchun City, officially established on August 30, 2009. FAW GM mainly produces and sells Light truck and Light bus And support related R&D, export and after-sales services. The company is located in Changchun City, Jilin Province and Heilongjiang Province Harbin City and Yunnan province Qujing All cities have branches. In 2012, FAW GM Light Commercial Vehicle Co., Ltd. sold 55609 vehicles in China.

currency SAIC Motor investment company

GM SAIC Motor Investment Co., Ltd. is a 50:50 joint venture between GM China and SAIC Motor Group. The joint venture is located in Hong Kong. The two sides will use this as an investment and cooperation platform to jointly expand Asia Emerging markets.

Shanghai Chengxin Used Car Management Co., Ltd

Shanghai Chengxin used car The Operation Management Co., Ltd. is composed of SAIC Group's subsidiary Shanghai Automotive Industry Sales Co., Ltd., General Motors (China) Investment Co., Ltd. and Shanghai GM Automobile Co., Ltd. on October 28, 2010 Co investment establish, Investment proportion 34%, 33% and 33% respectively, which is also the first company established in China Brand used car Joint Venture. The company takes the brand of "Chengxin used car" Hypermarket It is the main business form and Operating entity , committed to becoming the most powerful Brand value The most complete service and functions Used car transaction And service platform to provide consumers with intimate, reassuring, professional and convenient second-hand car services. The models provided by the company include Buick, Cadillac and Chevrolet brands under Shanghai GM, as well as selected brands from other automobile manufacturers.

General Motors Warehousing Trading (Shanghai) Co., Ltd

General Motors Warehousing Trading (Shanghai) Co., Ltd Located in Shanghai Waigaoqiao Free Trade Zone , officially launched in August 1999. Its establishment ensured that GM provided genuine GM parts to customers in mainland China in a timely manner. At the same time, the center adopts a set of fully computerized Warehouse management And inventory control system.

ACDelco

As an independent after-sales service operator under General Motors, ACDelco is a world leader Automotive aftermarket Brand. It has a growing service network and ACDelco service center in China to provide Chinese auto users and manufacturers with ACDelco parts and maintenance services.

GM China Forward looking Technology Research Center

GM China Forward looking Technology Research Center is the most comprehensive forward looking technology in the domestic automobile industry scientific research institution 。 It is composed of GM China R&D Department, forward-looking design, vehicle engineering laboratory, advanced Powertrain Engineering laboratory and Otar The laboratory is composed together. As part of GM's global R&D, engineering and design system, the center will be committed to providing GM with technological development The solution provides technical innovation support for GM's vision of "designing, manufacturing and selling the best cars in the world". Following the completion of the first phase in September 2011, the second phase of GM China Forward Technology Research Center was completed and put into use in November 2012.

SAIC General Motors Sales Co., Ltd

SAIC GM Sales Co., Ltd. is a joint venture between GM China and SAIC Group, which was officially established on November 25, 2011 with the approval of the Chinese government. GM China owns 49% of the shares, and SAIC Group owns 51% of the shares.

Shanghai General Motors, Pan Asia Automotive Technology Center R&D Test Center (Guangde)

Research and Development Test Center of Shanghai General Motors and Pan Asia Automotive Technology Center（ Guangde ）On September 22, 2012, GM, SAIC, Shanghai GM and Pan Asia Automotive Technology Center jointly announced the completion of the project. The R&D and test center is located in Anhui Province Xuancheng In Guangde County, total investment 1.6 billion yuan, with the most complete domestic facilities and the most advanced technology Testing ground And test supporting area, with a total area of about 5.67 square kilometre It is equipped with a test road with a total length of more than 60 kilometers and the comprehensiveness of 67 typical characteristic pavements supporting facilities 。 Shanghai GM and Pan Asia Automotive Technology Center jointly supervise the operation of the R&D and test center.

Strike

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On September 16, 2019, nearly 50000 GM workers began to strike from zero. The 4-year Labor agreement It has expired, and the two parties have been deadlocked on insurance and compensation issues during the negotiation of contract renewal. The United Auto Workers Association announced that The negotiation broke down 。 The workers shut down the machine and walked out of the factory demonstration This is their first nationwide strike in 12 years. GM has promised to raise wages and open New factory To increase the position. The workers will return to work after the two sides reach a new four-year agreement.^[13]

Recall events

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On November 2, 2013, General Motors (GM) will recall nearly 19000 2014 Chevrolet Silverado and GMC Sierra pickup trucks to repair a problem of manual reclining backrest.^[14]

On March 18, 2014, General Motors (GM) will take three other recall measures, which will recall more than 1.5 million vehicles in total. These measures and The ignition switch At least 12 deaths caused by the failure will be included in the expenditure of 300 million dollars.

GM said it would include the cost in its first quarter Financial statements , but did not disclose how much of the cost was related to the measures taken to recall more than 1.6 million old cars due to the failure of the fire switch. The company also said it would recall more than 1.5 million newer SUVs, luxury cars and full-size vehicles Van The three recall measures will be carried out separately. Although it is reported that the two dealers Cadillac XTS The car happened Engine compartment Fire incident, but GM said that it has not received any accident or casualty reports related to these latest recall measures.

Mary Barra, CEO of General Motors, issued a statement saying: "I ask our team to redouble their efforts on future product inspection problems and solve them as soon as possible. General Motors is going all out to do this." She had previously apologized for the way in which cars were recalled due to the failure of the fire switch, Said that the company will keep customers safe and Satisfaction Be the top priority.

The problem of ignition switch failure has led GM to face civil and criminal investigations by the US government. At the same time, the company has also launched an internal investigation and is working on Congressional hearing Prepare.

On October 4, 2014, GM again announced the recall of more than 57000 vehicles in the US market. The reason for this recall is the vehicle steering system There are hidden dangers in the wiring device of and the engine has the problem of unexpected flameout. The 57182 vehicles recalled this time involve three categories. 46873 vehicles manufactured from 2008 to 2009 Pontiac G8 Automobiles and Chevrolet Caprices police cars; 10005 vehicles manufactured from 2004 to 2007 Cadillac CTS-V And STS-V vehicles produced from 2005 to 2007; In addition, there are 304 Chevrolet Sonic models.^[15]

On December 5, 2014, General Motors announced that it would recall more than 2280 new medium-sized pickups in the United States due to a problem with airbag wiring.^[16]

On February 13, 2015, GM announced the recall of 22508 new 2015 models manufactured from April 16, 2014 to December 12, 2014 Cruze 。 The reason for recall is that some vehicles are equipped with brakes vacuum booster After long-term use, Booster Housing may Crack generation , in extreme cases Vehicle braking The force drops and there are potential safety hazards.^[17]

On February 9, 2016, General Motors announced that it was possible to build brake pedal due to incorrect nut installation^[16] 473000 SUVs and pickups will be recalled in North America due to board failure.

Recalled cars^[18] Models include Chevrolet Silverado HD, GMC Sierra HD and Chevrolet Tahoe police， 426573 of them are in the United States, and 46837 are in Canada 。

GM said that the main nut of the vehicle's brake pedal was loose, which may cause the brake pedal to be loose or malfunction, but it is not yet casualty accident presentation.

The dealer will check whether the vehicle has been repaired during production, if not, reinstall the nuts and add binder 。^[18]

On August 16, 2022, National Highway Traffic Safety Administration （ NHTSA ）It is disclosed that General Motors is recalling more than 484000 large SUVs in the United States to repair one that may lead to the third row Safety belt The problem of failure. The recall scope includes Chevrolet Suburbans and Tahoes of 2021 and 2022 models, Cadillac Escalades and GMC Yukons.^[34]

On December 20, 2022, General Motors said that it would recall 140000 Chevrolet Bolt electric vehicles in North America, including nearly 120000 American vehicles and 20000 Canadian vehicles. GM said that the recall scope includes various models of Chevrolet Bolt electric vehicles from 2017 to 2023. The reason for recall is that the exhaust gas of the front seat belt pretensioner may contact the carpet fiber after the collision of the vehicle, or a fire may occur.^[40]

On May 12, 2023 local time, the National Highway Traffic Safety Administration (NHTSA) issued a document that 67 million airbag gas generators produced by ARC Automotive Company in Knoxville, Tennessee, should be recalled immediately. GM's recall involved 994763 Buick Enclave and Chevrolet T vehicles from 2014 to 2017 Raverse and GMC Acadia.^[43]

On May 19, 2023, it was reported that GM would recall more than 668000 Chevrolet Equinox and GMC Terrain vehicles in the United States, because the child seat buckles of these vehicles might not work properly.^[44]

On August 9, 2023, the Ministry of Land, Land and Transport of the Republic of Korea announced that it would take measures to recall 14057 vehicles of 21 different models produced or imported and sold by eight companies, including Kia, Mercedes Benz, General Motors, Tesla and Toyota, because manufacturing defects had been identified.^[51]

On September 5, 2023, the National Highway Traffic Safety Administration disclosed that General Motors recalled 9423 American cars. Due to software errors in some Webasto portable charging lines (the third generation), if the grounding connection is lost, the charging may not be stopped. The dealer will check and replace the portable charging cable free of charge as required.^[53]

In November 2023, the National Highway Traffic Safety Administration (NHTSA) said that General Motors recalled 60154 vehicles in the United States.^[58]

On February 28, 2024, according to the disclosure of the National Highway Traffic Safety Administration, General Motors will recall some 2023 Chevrolet Colorado and GMC Canyon cars, totaling 55755. The recall reason is that the front view camera module (FCM) system may incorrectly detect obstacles, which may lead to the unexpected start of automatic emergency braking (AEB), thus increasing the risk of vehicle collision.^[60]

On March 1, 2024 local time, General Motors will recall 820000 pickup trucks in North America, because the tailgate of these vehicles may be unlocked accidentally.^[61]

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On February 5, 2020, the revenue of General Motors (GM.US) in 2019 exceeded the expectation, Q4 Net loss US $232 million.^[19]

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In November 2021, at the COP26 Climate Change Conference held in Glasgow, Scotland, General Motors signed a commitment to phase out automobile manufacturers, countries and even cities by 2040 fossil fuel Agreement on power vehicles.^[24]

In November 2021, General Motors was selected as one of the Top 100 Hurun Foreign funded and Hong Kong Macao Cooperation Enterprises in China in 2021, ranking third.^[25]

On October 3, 2022 local time, the official website of General Motors announced that the U.S. market sales in the third quarter of 2022 would reach 555580 vehicles, Year on year growth 24%。 Among them, Chevrolet Bolt EV and Bolt EUV The quarterly sales reached a new high of 14709 vehicles.^[35]

On October 11, 2022 local time, General Motors announced that it would provide its own Solar power and storage system , and Tesla Energy storage business Powerwall Compete.^[36]

In October 2022, Cadillac, a world-famous luxury car brand under General Motors, is testing its brand charm and pricing power, and will launch Celestiq, a large-scale customized ultra luxury car in 2024 electric vehicle , starting price Will exceed $300000.^[38]

In August 2023, GM was approved by the Shanghai ICV Road Test Qualification License, and will carry out L4 level road test in the designated demonstration area. It is reported that the local team of General Motors and Momenta have jointly created a set of automated driving solutions for the Chinese market that have both the potential for large-scale landing and can be seamlessly integrated with the Ulitum Altronic platform.^[52]

On January 5, 2024, the official website of General Motors in China announced that in 2023, the retail sales of General Motors in the Chinese market would be about 2.1 million, including more than 183000 Cadillacs, more than 517000 Buicks, about 169000 Chevrolets, and more than 1.2 million SAIC GM Wuling brands.^[59]

In March 2024, General Motors said that it would recall 82000 new pickup trucks in North America, because the tailgate of the vehicle could be accidentally loosened and opened. The scope of this recall includes 2020 to 2024 trucks equipped with electric unlocking liftgate, and the tailgate switch outside the vehicle may leak water, And cause short circuit during shutdown. The specific recalled models include Chevrolet Silverado and GMC Sierra trucks from 2020 to 2023, and heavy-duty pickups from 2020 to 2024, all of which are equipped with electric unlocking tailgates 。^[62]

On April 24, 2024 local time, General Motors of the United States decided to disable the Angel Star Smart Drive system on all GM models and cancel the registration of all customers.

On April 29, 2024, Alisa Bergman will join GM as its new Chief Trust and Privacy Officer.^[64]

In April 2024, General Motors issued a statement saying that it would close its production business in Colombia and Ecuador as part of its shift to the production of next-generation cars.^[65]

In June 2024, GM will inject $850 million into Cruise, its autonomous driving business, to help maintain its operations.^[69]

Company Events

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May 30, 2022, according to GM's submission to California Attorney General In April network attack Become a victim.

GM issued a statement saying that it noticed that during the period from April 11 to 29, 2022, some online customer accounts had suspicious logins, leading to the exchange of customer bonus points into Gift Card 。^[30]

On April 25, 2023, according to Reuters, General Motors said on Tuesday that it would stop producing Chevrolet Bolt electric vehicles later this year and shift zero emission production to trucks and SUVs based on new battery platforms.^[41]

On May 1, 2023, the Detroit Free Press reported that General Motors fired hundreds of contract workers working in the global technology center in Warren and other places last weekend, with a view to reducing the budget by $2 billion by the end of next year.^[42]

On June 20, 2023, according to Yonhap News Agency, the Ministry of Land and Transport of South Korea announced that Hyundai, Kia, Mercedes Benz, General Motors, Ford, Bentley (Volkswagen), Ferrari and other seven companies had taken voluntary recall measures for some models produced or imported in South Korea due to parts problems, involving a total of 326723 vehicles of 22 models. General Motors' 2294 Equinox vehicles have the defect of insufficient thickness of child protection seat accessories.^[49]

On October 2, 2023, General Motors said that it would cut 130 jobs and 34 jobs in the metal center in Palma, Ohio, and the metal stamping plant in Marion, Indiana, respectively.^[54]

On October 24, 2023, the UAW announced that 5000 workers at GM's Arlington assembly plant joined the strike.^[55] On October 28, the United Auto Workers' Federation (UAW) announced that the strike against General Motors would be extended to the factory in Springhill, Tennessee.^[56] On October 30, GM reportedly reached a temporary agreement with the UAW to end the strike.^[57]

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