The Xinyou coup was in 1861 (the 11th year of Xianfeng)Emperor XianfengAfter death,CixiThe empress dowager joins Prince GongYi XuanOne startCourt Coup, the coup was overthrownThe Eight Ministerspower.He is the Minister of Government of Zanxiang (also known as the Eight Ministers in Charge of Life) and the Deputy Prime Minister of the Crown PrinceZaichunAs the emperor, he always took charge of the government,[1]At that time, it got its name in the Xinyou year of the summer calendar.Because of the changeSincerelyNamed after the year“Qixiang Coup”, also known as "Beijing Coup".
Emperor Xianfeng died of illness in Rehe Mountain Resort Palace (in today's Hebei ProvinceChengde City）, former ministerCarrier、SushunEight other ministers and the new emperor Zaichun's biological mother, Empress Dowager Yehenala (namelyEmpress Dowager Ci Xi）There was a serious contradiction. The Yehenala family encouraged the empress of Xianfeng Emperor Niuhulu (i.eEmpress Dowager Ci'an）Compete for power with the Eight Ministers and inspire the Imperial HistorianDong YuanolThe emperor asked the empress dowager to listen to the government from behind the curtain, which was immediately resisted by the eight ministers.On the other hand, the most recent of the clans, Prince Gong, Yi Gui, and the minister in charge of orders in the Xianfeng DynastySengge Rinchen andMinister of Military AircraftWen XiangPeople are also very dissatisfied with being excluded from the highest power.So Yehenala, Yi Xuan and others jointly launched a coup.[1]
Emperor Xianfeng who arranged eight ministers to assist him[2]
In the sixth year of Xianfeng, Emperor Wenzong of the Qing Dynasty, in 1856,The Second Opium WarBurst.In September 1860, the British and French allied forces approached Beijing and the capital shook.Emperor Xianfeng took his empress Niuhu Lu (later Empress Dowager Ci'an) and his concubine Yehenala (laterEmpress Dowager Ci Xi）As well as a group of confidants, they fled to Rehe and were left by Prince Gong Yi to beg for peace with the invaders.Yi Xuan tried his best to sign a contract for humiliating the country《Beijing Treaty》Therefore, it won the favor of the invaders.At that time, the real power of the Qing government was not in the hands of Yi Xuan, but in the hands of Zaiyuan, Duanhua, Sushun and other people who fled to Rehe with XianfengYi XuanAs his political enemy, he tried his best to exclude him from driving to Rehe.
On August 22, 1861, Xianfeng died of illness shortly after signing the Beijing Treaty, and his only son, 6-year-old Zaichun, ascended the throne.The year was named "Qixiang".Letting Prince YiCarrier, Prince ZhengDuanhua, BachelorSushun, Fu FuJingshouAnd the original fiveMinister of Military AircraftFour ofMu Yin、Select Source、Duhan、Jiao Youying8 people are "Minister of Government Zanxiang", assisting young Zaichun.Before his death, Xianfeng gave the Empress and Princess Yi two imperial seals engraved with "Imperial Reward" and "Tongdao Hall" respectively, and issued an edict saying that all the edicts issued by the new emperor since then must be printed with these two imperial seals to be effective.
After Zaichun succeeded to the throne, he honored Nuhu Lu, the empress dowager of the former emperor, as his mother and empress dowager, with the emblem of Ci'an, and his biological mother, Princess Yi, as the empress dowager of the Virgin Emperor, with the emblem of Cixi.Zaichun's mother, Princess Yi, is an insidious, greedy and ambitious woman. As soon as she sits on the throne of Queen Mother of the Virgin, she can't wait to seize power.Cixi first asked people to suggest that because the emperor was too young to handle the government affairs, the empress dowager of the two palaces should "listen from behind the curtain". In fact, it was necessary to control the real power.
Picture 1: Prince Gong Yi, one of the participants in the Xinyou coup
Yehenala, Princess Yi of Xianfeng, is eager to take advantage of the identity of the Queen Mother of the Holy Mother to seek the supremacy.Her plan of instructing the imperial historian Dong Yuanchun to ask the empress dowager to hang the curtain and exercise her power was opposed by eight ministers, including Zaiyuan, on the grounds that "no empress dowager has hung the curtain in this dynasty".Although Empress Dowager Liang Gong held the two seals given by Xianfeng and was politically equal to the Eight MinistersRehe PalaceIt was all the power of the eight ministers who assisted in the administration. Cixi tried her best but failed. She had to compromise with the eight ministers for the time being, but she never gave up the idea of listening from behind the curtain.It happened that Empress Dowager Ci'an strongly disapproved of what Sushun and others had done, so Cixi colludedCi'an, and sent his henchman back to Beijing to collude with Prince Gong Yi.
Yi Xuan is Xianfeng's younger brother. He is witty, sophisticated and talented. In contrast, Xianfeng, as the emperor, appears mediocre and incompetent, which aroused the suspicion of Emperor Xianfeng. Therefore, Xianfeng distanced himself from Yi Xuan politically and put Sushun and others in an important position.Although Yi Xuan is a prince, he has no real power and is excluded by Sushun and others everywhere.Xianfeng fled to Rehe and ordered Yidang to stay in Beijing to make peace with the invaders, along with Wen Xiang, the military aircraft minister.Wen Xiang was also ostracized by Sushun and others because of his good relationship with Yi Xuan, and was not allowed to accompany him to Rehe.Four of the later eight assistant ministers were military aircraft ministers, with the exception of Wen Xiang.Therefore, Yi Xuan and Wen Xiang hate Sushun and others, and they are not happy.Based on this, after receiving the signal from the Empress Dowagers of the Two Palaces for help, Yi Xuan and Wen Xiang decided to help the Empress Dowagers of the Two Palaces get rid of the Eight Ministers.
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On the 17th,emperor xianfeng He died.He did three things before he died:
1、 Lihuang's eldest sonZaichunHe is the Crown Prince.
2、 Order the former ministerCarrier、Duanhua、Jingshou, BachelorSushunHe and the military aircraft minister Mu Yin, Kuang Yuan, Du Han and Jiao Youying were praised as the government ministers, who controlled the political situation.
3、 Empress Niuhulu was granted the seal of "Royal Reward", and Prince Zaichun was granted the seal of "Tongdao Hall" (in the charge of Concubine Yi).Gu ordered the minister to seal "Royal Reward" and "Tongdao Hall" after drafting the decree.Eight ministers had conflicts with two empresses.
Chengde Mountain Resort
On the 18th, after being encoffined, Emperor DahangTongzhiIn the name of the emperor, Nuhu Lu, the empress dowager, was honored as empress dowager, and Ye Henala, the concubine of Yi, was honored as empress dowager.
On the 1st, Prince Gong Yi was allowed to visit Emperor Xianfeng's Zigong in Chengde Mountain Resort.Pu YiOn《The first half of my life》It is said that Yi Xuan disguised himself as a shaman and met two empresses in the palace. He made a secret plan and returned to Beijing to make arrangements.Yi Xuan was allowed to meet with the Empress Dowager Gong for about two hours.Yi Xuan stayed in Rehe for six days, trying to show a calm attitude in front of Su Shun and other officials, and paralyzed the minister who cared for his life.The empress dowagers of the two palaces and Prince Kung, Yi Xuan, overcame all odds to survive the death. They were wise and decisive, seized the opportunity, and cooperated with each other.After discussing the decision and steps with the empress dowagers, Prince Gong Yi returned to Beijing to prepare for the coup.At this time, Emperor Xianfeng had just died 13 days ago.
Tongzhi Emperor after the Xinyou Coup
On the 2nd, Prince ChunYiyiThe Han army in Zhenghuang Banner was unified and had actual military power.
On the 6th, the Imperial HistorianDong YuanolA memorial to the Empress Dowager's right to manage the government and Prince Jane's one or two assistant ministers.
On the 7th, the assistant minister of the paramilitary departmentShengbaoreachthe Imperial Mountain Summer Resort。After Shengbao issued an edict forbidding military commanders from all over the country to go to Chengde for a memorial ceremony, he invited them to cry in Chengde for a memorial ceremony, and led troops to the north through Hejian and Xiongxian.
On the 11th, the empress dowager of the two emperors summoned eight ministers at the invitation of the imperial historian Dong Yuanchun's memorial.Sushun and others refuted the imperial edict of Emperor Xianfeng and the ancestral empress dowager who listened to the story behind the curtain.The empress dowager of the two empresses had a heated debate with eight Zanxiang government ministers.The eight ministers "expanded their arguments, but no one had the courtesy".According to the historical record "State Affairs Diary of Yueman Hall", Sushun and others roared wantonly, "The sound shocked the emperor, and the Son of Heaven was frightened. As for crying, he drowned in his back clothes", and the little emperor was so frightened that he peed in his pants.The empress dowager of the two palaces refused to let go. Zaiyuan and Duanhua were so angry that they did not treat matters as they were. The stalemate lasted longer and the death was as planned.The Eight Ministers wanted to promise the Empress Dowagers of the Two Palaces to postpone the problem and return to Beijing.
On the 18th, it was announced that the coffin of Emperor Xianfeng would be lifted on September 23rd of the lunar calendar and arrived in Beijing on the 29th.
One of the participants in the Xinyou coup, Empress Dowager Ci'an
On the 4th, Prince Duanhua, acting as the commander of the infantry, was appointed as the commander of the infantry.First, when the Empress Dowager Gong and the Empress Dowager Gong summoned the minister Gu Ming, they proposed that Duanhua had too many part-time jobs, and Duanhua said that I would only be the commander of the infantry;Cixi said that she would order Yixuan to be the commander of the infantry army.As the commander of the infantry army, Yi Xuan had the military power of the capital garrison.Soon, Yi Xuan was also good at arresting and camping.
On the 23rd, the Zigong Palace of Daxing Emperor was opened by the Summer Resort.The Tongzhi Emperor and the Empress Dowager of the Two Palaces set off from Chengde to return to the capital with the help of the Daxing Emperor Zigong.Empress Dowagers Lianggong and Emperor Tongzhi spent only one day with Lingjia, so they hurried back to Beijing by the path on the pretext that the emperor was young and the two empresses were young women.
On the 29th, Emperor Tongzhi returned to Beijing Palace with the empress dowager.Because of the rain, the road is muddy and the smart driving is slow.The Tongzhi Emperor rushed to Beijing four days ahead of Lingjia by following the path between the two empresses.After the empress dowager of the two empresses arrived in Beijing, she immediately summoned Prince Gong Yi and others in the imperial palace.
On the 30th, a coup was launched.The Emperor Tongzhi and the Empress Dowager of the Two Palaces announced that Wang Yixuan of Chun County had given an edict in advance in Chengde, and announced the crimes such as Zaiyuan:
(1) The restless coastal areas and the martial law of the capital last year were always caused by the improper planning of the king and minister in charge.Zaigaki and others could not make peace with all their heart, so they tried to entice British envoys to take responsibility for themselves, so that they broke their promise to other countries and the garden was disturbed.Our emperor made a tour of Jehol, and we really felt that our holy heart had to suffer as a last resort! "It is to blame eight ministers including Zaiyuan for the British French invasion of Beijing, the burning and looting of the Old Summer Palace, the fright of the people in the imperial capital, and the patrol of Emperor Xianfeng.
(2) To punish Zaiyuan, Duanhua, Sushun, Jing Shouren, Mu Yin, Kuang Yuan, Du Han and Jiao Youying for altering the edict without authorization and stopping the curtain hanging.《History Draft of the Qing Dynasty · Biography of Sushun》It is recorded that, "Su Shun Fanghu Wenzong was on his way to the Zigong Palace. He ordered Prince Renshou of Rui and King Yi Xuan of Chun County to arrest him. When he met all the clouds, he went to the shop to arrest them at night. He was not satisfied with the roar, but armed with weapons. When he went to the Zongren Mansion, he saw Zaiyuan and Duanhua already in the first place." According to the Records of Emperor Mu Zongyi of the Qing Dynasty, "King Yi Xuan of Chun County was good at arresting the camp." This may be related to Yi Xuan's arrest of Su Shun.
Cixi who ascended the peak of power[3]
On October 1 of the lunar calendar in 1861 AD, Prince Gong was ordered toThe king of politicsMinister of Military Aircraft.Then, Wen Xiang, the minister of military aircraft, asked the empress dowagers of the two emperors to listen from the curtain.The History Draft of the Qing Dynasty Wenxiang Biography records: "October, Huiluan（Wen Xiang）The king and his minister asked the empress dowager of the two palaces to listen from the curtain. "Bachelor of LifeGuiliangShen Zhaolin, Minister of the Ministry of Household, Bao Yun, Shi Lang and Wen Xiang were military aircraft ministers.
On the 3rd, the emperor Zigong of Daxing went to Beijing.
On the 5th, Zhou Zupei, a great scholar, said: "Prince Yi Zaiyuan and others proposed the year title of 'Qixiang', which is repeated in meaning, please correct it", and the imperial edict changed "Qixiang" to "Tongzhi".The meaning of "Tongzhi" can be interpreted in four ways: first, two palaces, two palaces and relatives, three palaces and Zaichun, and four palaces, Zaichun and relatives.
On the 6th, the imperial edict granted Zaiyuan and DuanhuazaiZongren MansionHe committed suicide in an empty room and was sumptuously executed. He was deprived of the posts of Jing Shou, Mu Yin, Kuang Yuan, Du Han and Jiao Youying. Mu Yin was sent to serve in the military.According to the record, "When the executioner was going to execute the sentence, Su Shun swore loudly. His rebellious voice was heard by officials. He refused to kneel down. The executioner knocked it with a big iron handle, but he knelt down, and the two shins were broken. Then he was killed."
On the 26th, Prince LiShiduoThe meeting was held in compliance with the imperial edict and the Constitution of the Pendant Curtain was presented.Yi Zhi: Yi Yi.As a result, the Empress Dowager hung down the curtain to listen to politics. Public opinion has created momentum and regulations have been formulated.
November 1, 1861Emperor Tongzhi honored Empress Dowager Ci'an and Empress Dowager CixiHeart Nourishing Hallsaid of an empress.The place to listen to the government from the curtain is located in the east of the Hall of Cultivating the Heart of the Great Interior. A yellow curtain is set behind the throne of Tongzhi Emperor (originally the yellow screen, but later the yellow curtain was changed by Cixi). Empress Dowager Ci'an and Empress Dowager Cixi sit behind them.Prince Gong Yi Xuan stands on the left, and Prince Chun Yi Xuan stands on the right.When the minister was introduced, the official of the Ministry of Civil Affairs handed a green headed note to Prince Gong Yi Xuan, who took it and put it on the imperial case.Let me add something here.Cixi had no culture, but she paid attention to learning.The empress dowagers of the two palaces ordered the masters of the south study and the upper study to compile the "Treasure Book of Peace", which was used as a textbook for the empress dowagers of the two palaces. Following the example of Jingyan, Weng Tonghe and others were sent to lecture regularly.Later, Cixi was also able to review memorials, but there were often some illogical sentences and typographical errors.[4]
The coup was named after Tongzhi Rehe ascended the throne“Sincerely”, so it is called“Qixiang Coup”；This year is the year of Xinyou, also known as the "Xinyou coup";Because the coup took place in Beijing, it is also called "Beijing coup".At that time, the three main figures of the "Xinyou coup" - Empress Dowager Ci'an was 25 years old, Empress Dowager Cixi was 27 years old, and Prince Gong Yi was 30 years old.[1]
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In October 1861, Yi Xuan was able to rush to Rehe in the name of "running for funeral" after several applications.After the funeral of Emperor Daxing, he called on Empress Dowager Lianggong and plotted with Empress Dowager Lianggong for a long time. Finally, he decided to launch a coup in Beijing.When Yi Xuan returned to Beijing, he enlisted Sheng Bao, a minister of the Ministry of War stationed in Beijing and Tianjin, who controlled the military power, and was ready to launch a coup.
When returning to Beijing from Chengde, Cixi walked with the coffin for a day on the ground that the emperor was too young to escort the former emperor's Zigong Palace all the way, and decided to return to Beijing ahead of schedule with seven ministers, including Zaiyuan and Duanhua, to let Sushun escort Xianfeng's Zigong Palace along the main road.
On October 7, 1861, Yehenala offered to "reduce their labor" as the name of lifting the military power of Zaiyuan to lead the imperial guard;Yi Xuan again won the support of Sheng Bao, the minister of the Ministry of War who controlled the capital city and the heavy troops of Zhilu, and Seng Gelin Qin.On October 26, Yehenala set out from Rehe and returned to Beijing from Zaiyuan and Duanhua with the young emperor Zaichun.The coffin of Emperor Xianfeng was escorted by Sushun on the main road.
As soon as she arrived in Beijing on November 1, 1861, Cixi couldn't wait to receive Prince Gong Yili, Minister of Military Aircraft Wen Xiang and others.In the morning of the next day, Yi Xuan, holding the imperial edict stamped with the jade seal and the seals of the late emperor, announced that he had dismissed Sushun and others, and arrested Zaiyuan and Duanhua on the spot;He also ordered Jing Shou, Mu Yin, Kuang Yuan, Du Han, Jiao Youying and others to be removed from their posts for investigation and strict supervision.Wang Yixuan of Chunjun was sent to arrest Sushun, who escorted Zigong back to Beijing, in Miyun, a suburb of Beijing.Soon (the 8th day), Cixi issued an imperial edict denying Xianfeng's posthumous edict, issuing an edict to count the crimes of Zaigaki, Duanhua and Sushun, and ordered Sushun to be beheaded;Let Zaiyuan and Duanhua commit suicide;The other five ministers were dismissed or sent to the army.The first important accusation of the Eight Ministers was that "they were unable to make peace with all their heart... so that they broke their promise to all countries", which was tantamount to saying to the aggressors that she was a traitor who "made peace with all her heart".
Then (November 11) Zaichun officially ascended the throne and the empress dowager listened to the government. At the age of 26, Yehenala usurped the power of the Qing Dynasty and announced the abolition of the original title of Qixiang, which was proposed by eight ministers. In 1862, it was changed to the first year of Tongzhi, and the eastern and western empresses listened to the government from behind the curtain.Prince Gong Yi Xuan was appointed as the Minister of Political Affairs and the Head of Military Aircraft Minister.YiyiWenxiang, Shengbao and others were also promoted.
The so-called "Tongzhi" means that the Empress Dowager and the Empress Dowager will jointly govern the government, and Cixi has been used since then.This year is the year of Xinyou in the lunar calendar, so it is also called "Xinyou Coup".The place where this happened was in Beijing, so it is also called "Beijing Coup".
The coup was a struggle for power in the supreme ruling groupCourt CoupHowever, judging from the accusation of "not paying attention to peace" added to Sushun and others during the coup and the attitude of Yehenarashi, Yidang and others towards foreign invaders after the coup, it also marks the direction of the Qing governmentSemi colonyThe transformation of political power.
Mu Yin: with "inMinister of Military AircraftHe walked for the longest time, and his shift was the first. The circumstances were particularly serious. "He was removed from his post and exiled.TongzhiIn three years, on redemption, he died at home.
Since then,CixiAs the product of collusion between Chinese and foreign reactionary forces and their representativesSemi colonyChina has had 47 years of evil rule.Her first crime when she came to power was to "borrow teachers to help suppress". Together with foreign invaders, she bloody suppressed the famous Taiping Heavenly Kingdom Movement.Many unequal treaties in Chinese history, such as China and Britain《Chefoo Convention 》、《Sino French New Testament》, China and Japan《Treaty of Shimonoseki》、《Sino Russian secret treaty》、《Boxer Protocol》They were signed with foreign countries during her rule.hersUsurpationAnd rule, which made modern China suffer endlesshumiliation[1]。
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Picture 2: Empress Dowager Cixi, one of the participants in the Xinyou coup
The "Xinyou coup" was a major conflict between the monarch's power and the prime minister's power, which showed the wisdom of the empress dowager of the two emperors and Prince Gong Yi.Its major result was a major change in the Qing Dynasty's system.After the "Xinyou Coup", the minister who "praised government affairs" was denied, and Empress Dowager Ci'an and Empress Dowager Cixi listened behind the curtain, which was a major reform.After the "Xinyou Coup", Prince Gong Yi Xuan became the king of politics, which was Prince Rui in those daysDorgon The reappearance of auxiliary politics.However, there is one difference: the emperor's Yin nobility serves as the king of politics and the minister of military aircraft, and the empress dowagers of the two palaces listen to the government from behind the curtain.In this way, the imperial power appeared dualistic: Wang Yixuan, who was in charge of politics, took charge of the government, and the empress dowager Yiding, the president.The biggest feature of this system is that the Empress Dowager and Yi Xuan jointly ruled the country, which gradually evolved into a situation where Cixi monopolized the government.Then came a system: the head military aircraft minister was a pro noble, and there were two Manchu military aircraft ministers and two Han military aircraft ministers.During the reign of the Qing Dynasty, the five person military structure was generally maintained.
As far as the Manchu nobles are concerned, the "Xinyou Coup" is mainly the contradiction and fight between the patriarchal nobles and the imperial nobles.Empress dowagers of Lianggong Empress Dowager, especially Empress Dowager Cixi, mainly made use of and relied on the imperial nobility to fight against the patriarchal nobility and won the victory.
After the Xinyou coup, the Emperor Tongzhi had two empresses hanging behind the curtain to listen to the government, and the king Yidang was in charge of the government“Tongzhi New Deal”[1]。
Reason for winning
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Prince Gong Yi Xuan
The direct reasons for the victory of the "Xinyou Coup" are:
First, Empress Dowager Lianggong and Prince Gong Yi seized and used the strong anger of officials and people against the British and French invasion of Beijing and the burning of the Old Summer Palace, and their great dissatisfaction with the "Chengde Group" who fled to the summer resort regardless of the national and national dangers, and put all the historical responsibility on the eight ministers.The responsibility of Emperor Xianfeng to Chengde was also imposed on them.Thus, the Empress Dowager of the Two Palaces and Prince Gong Yi Xuan took the political initiative to win the hearts of officials, soldiers, banners and the people, and the eight ministers became scapegoats.
Second, Empress Dowager Liang Gong and Prince Gong Yi took advantage of the numbing thought of the Minister Gu Ming who overestimated the power of Cixi and Yi Deng, and also took advantage of the fact that although the empress was an orphan and widowed mother, she had two seals, "Royal Reward" and "Tongdao Hall". Although the Minister Gu Ming could make a decree without these two seals, it could not take effect,It is a favorable condition that the empress dowager of the two palaces and Yi Xuan can be ordered by the minister to affix these two seals to take effect.
Third, Empress Dowager Lianggong and Prince GongYi XuanThey seized the first opportunity and took the initiative. They did not go with the coffin of the Emperor Dahang. They got rid of the control and surveillance of the ministers who took care of their orders, and returned early from the middle way. They took advantage of the death of Emperor Xianfeng to transport the coffin of Emperor Xianfeng to the imperial palace. During this time, there was sufficient time for seventy-four days to prepare for a coup.The original time of driving back to Beijing was delayed to October 3, four days later than the original plan, due to the rain and muddy road.The empress dowagers of the two palaces arrived in Beijing on the 29th and the coup took place on the 30th, three days behind schedule.This provided time and space for them to prepare for the coup, and created a time gap and space gap.
Fourth, Empress Dowager Lianggong and Prince Gong Yidang clearly realized and had a premonition that this was a critical moment in their life and death history, and the only way out was to fight to get rid of them.Cixi once heard that Emperor Xianfeng, Sushun and others suggested him to kill his mother and keep his son after Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty“Madam Gou Yi”Story, so that the queen dowager will not monopolize power in the future.This story《The Book of the Han Dynasty, The Legend of Waiqi (Part 1)》It is recorded that Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty favored Zhao Jieyu, wife of Gouyi, and wanted to set up her son, so as to "be young and mother is young, and fear that the female leader, Zhuan, will disorder the country".Zhao Jieyu was condemned by Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty and died.On his deathbed, Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty appointed Zhao Jieyu as his crown princeDasima, General Huo Guangfu, minor leader, is toEmperor Zhao of the Han Dynasty。However, Emperor Xianfeng did not do as Emperor Wu did. Instead, he used the two seals of "Royal Reward" and "Tongdao Hall" to balance and control the relationship between the ministers and empresses.As a result, these two seals were used by the empress dowagers of the two palaces, breaking the original power balance structure.
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Empress Dowager of Two Palaces
The film Empress Dowager of the Two Palaces
In 1861, after the "Xinyou coup", the new emperor Zaichun ascended the throne, and the empress dowagers of Ci'an and Cixi began to listen from behind the curtain.Taiping Heavenly KingdomThe peasant revolution made the royal family who had just returned to the capital panic.Empress Dowager Cixi resolutely used Zeng Guofan, a Han minister, to suppress the uprising army.Since then, she has become more arrogant and domineering, gradually controlling the whole court.In the process of suppressing the Taiping Heavenly Kingdom and the Nien Army, Zeng Guofan took the opportunity to expand the Hunan Army and expand its influence.Eight years later, the power struggle in the palace became increasingly acute. Empress Dowager Cixi, who had already held real power, relied on foreign forces to further betray the country and seek glory, and constantly consolidated her power.By then, Zaichun will have grown up and two empresses will look for empresses for him at the same time.Zai Chun granted Empress Arut selected by Ci'an and Imperial Concubine Fucha selected by Cixi[5]。
Life as a Slave
The Chinese mainland TV series Life as a Slave tells the story of Prince Gong's legendary life.Nature beguiles peopleAs a member of the royal family, he was unlucky to lose the election and become the "prince" in the process of competing for the throne. Since then, he has experienced ups and downs in his political career, and always accepted orders in a crisis to resolve the court disaster[5]。
Eunuch
The Eunuch tells that Li Lianying was poor when she was young, and her mother had no choice but to send her to the palace to be a eunuch. When Li grew up, she was taught by Eunuch An Dehai to be a popular person around Empress Dowager Cixi, but she had no choice but to add up with othersAndrea, became the chief administrator of the Qing Palace, and Guangxu succeeded to the throne. After the Sino Japanese War of 1894-1895, Li Hongzhang was killed. Fortunately, Cixi saved him from disaster;The Reform Movement of 1898 failed, and the contradiction between Cixi and Guangxu intensified. Li Lianying had no choice but to maintain the relationship. The Eight Power Allied Forces entered Beijing, and Li helped Cixi kill Guangxu's favoriteConcubine Zhen；Empress Dowager Cixi andGuangxu reign periodWhen the emperors died one after another, Li Lianying went out of the palace, lamenting the honor and disgrace of her life, and went to watch the wake with Cixi alone.
