HyraxIt is the only extant representative of the order Hyalus. It looks like a rabbit, with hooves on its feet and special adhesion on its soles, and is suitable for climbing trees or rocks.The hoofed hare is arboreal or terrestrial, eats plants or insects, and has something on its back to repel enemiesGlands。HyalusMammaliaReal animals are small terrestrial or arboreal beasts.It is named because it has hoofed toenails.[1]
MammaliaIt is an order of small terrestrial or arboreal mammals, named after having hoofed toenails.Joyful howling, also known as rabbit crowing.The body length is 30-60 cm.The tail is 1-3 cm long or has no outer tail.It looks like a cave rabbit, but its front foot has 4 toes and hoofed toenails;The back foot has three toes. The inner toe and the second toe have a long and curved claw, and the other toe is short, with flat, hoofed toenails.The sole of the foot has a hairless foot pad with special adhesion, which is secreted by glands to keep the foot pad moist. The foot pad muscles are arranged high aroundFovea centralis, withsuckerThe functional meat nest has the ability to climb and walk with one's feet.The hair is stiff and fluffy.There is a gland on the back. The hair color of the gland is different from the surrounding body color.When the hoofed rabbit is frightened or angry, the hair on the patch is erect, and the gland is exposed.The gland secretes peculiar smell, which can repel natural enemies.There is a pair of single pointed, sharp upper incisors with triangular cross section and growing upper incisors, two pairs of lower incisors, such as chisel, and molars are ridge teeth.skullInterparietal boneLarge;Posterior orbital strip;The lateral occipital process is large, with sharp vision and hearing.Only 1 familyHyaluridae3 genera, about 10 species, distributed in AfricaSinai Peninsula, Israel andSyria。They feed on plants and insects.At birth, they are covered with hair, open their eyes, and soon move.There is no fixed breeding season.Two years old, sexually mature, with a life span of seven and a half years.The natural enemies are python, eagle and leopard.There is only one monotypic species of Pyrola.No tail exposed outside the coat;The back hair is grayish brown, and the hair around the gland is black, which is different from the color of the surrounding back hair. It is easy to identify.Distributed in most of Africa, Syria, Sinai Peninsula andPalestine。Because insahara desertIt is distributed to the north, so it isPalaearcticType of.6~50 individuals live in groups between rock heaps and bushes.During the day or on warm moonlit nights, they often run on steep and smooth rocks with very quick movements.They feed on grass, young leaves and bark.Each fetus has 2-3 babies, and the gestation period is 225 days. The babies are born between the stone cracks.rockHyraxThere are 6 genera, distributed in the south of Sahara Desert in AfricaEthiopia, Congo to the south, to the south and southwest of Africa.It lives in mountainous areas, with the highest distribution up to 3800 meters above sea level.No outer tail;The back hair is brown or pale and mixed with black, and the hair near the gland is yellow or white, which is easy to distinguish from the genus Pyrola.Rock hyrax lives in large groups of hundreds.During the day, they often chase among rocks and emit piercing screams.Most babies are born in late May, with 3 babies per birth,Pregnancy225 days, with a service life of no more than 7 years.The meat is edible, but thick and old.The natural enemies are pythons, birds of prey and beasts of prey.Pyrola3 species in total, distributed in Africasahara desertCentral and southSouthern Africa。The highest distribution can reach 4500 meters above sea level.The tail is 1-3 cm long and can be distinguished from other two genera.The back hair is brown, with gray or yellow color;The hair around the gland is white.Hide in tree holes or clusters of leaves during the day, hunt for food at night, run up and down the trunk, or jump between branches.They feed on leaves, young bark, buds, insects, and sometimes on the ground.Each fetus gives birth to 1-3 babies, with a gestation period of about 7 months.When encountering natural enemies, the back and buttocks turn to the enemy, and the hair around the glands spreads, exposing the glands, and the odor overflows.
Pyrola
form
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PyrolaThe external image of the animal is rabbit. The upper teeth are curved and growing, similar to the rabbitiform animals, but the first and third toes of the hind foot have hooves, and the middle toe has claws.
habit
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PregnancyUp to 7-8 months.It is 25-50cm long and weighs about 4-5kg,Herbivorous, there are scent glands on the back.MesolithHyraxGenus and Hyalus live on the ground and are active in the daytime;PyrolaIt perches on trees and rises at night.Probably originated in ancient timesUngulatesanimal.
Culture
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In the Bible, these animals are collectively calledShafan, transliterated from Hebrew (ָָן),shaphan）, probably a kind of rockHyraxA genus of animals.
distribution
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The prehistoric order Coreoptera was once more prosperous, and some members were larger and more widely distributed than modern ones.Ancient Pyrotales fossils have also been found in Europe and some parts of China.However, the extant members of the order Hyalus are only distributed in Africa and the Middle East.
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The only remaining order of hyraenaHyaluridaeSection I.
First pieceHyraxFossil like fossils were discovered in the middle of the 19th century.Since then, the number of fossils has gradually increased, and 16 genera of fossil hyrax have been established so far.Early hares have completeTooth type, LastMolarsNo degradation.Many fossil hoofed rabbits are much larger than living species, and some are similar in size to modern horses.The hyraxEogeneHas been quite differentiatedEoceneEarly with Egyptthe oligocene epochIn the stratum, they account for a large proportion in all kinds of mammalian fossils, especially in the early Oligocene fauna of Egypt.NeogeneThe hares are widely distributed, except in Africa, in Greece, southern FranceCaucasusAnd northern China, but the species is rather poor.staythe pleistoceneIts distribution area is similar to that of modern species, but it is still found in the Early Pleistocene strata in North China.
