Justice and justice

The eighth general of the Muromachi shogunate

The government is just and beneficial, Sufficient profit Courtyard of Justice and Law Himalaya Daoqing (January 20, 1436 to January 27, 1490) Muromachi period metaphase Muromachi bakufu The 8th generation general of the war against barbarians. Father is the sixth generation general Righteous and Beneficial Doctrine , whose mother is Yoshiko Hino, the daughter of Shino Chongguang in his side room. wet nurse by Present Participation Bureau , Main room Tomiko Hino 。 Brother has Sufficient righteousness 、 Full benefit and righteousness win 。 He is the third generation general who created Muromachi shogunate in its heyday Ashikaga Yoshimitsu Grandson.

Chinese name: Justice and justice
Foreign name: Ashikaga Yoshimasa
Alias: Full benefit and justice
Nationality: Japan

Ethnic groups: Daiwa family
date of birth: January 20, 1436
Date of death: January 27, 1490
Occupation: The eighth generation general of Muromachi shogunate
Legal name: Cizhao Hospital Xishan Road Celebration

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Justice and justice

enjoy forever From January 2, 1436 to Yande January 7 of the second year (1490) April 29 of the first year of Baode (1449) to December 19 of the fifth year of civilization (1473)

Muromachi bakufu The eighth generation of general, the son of the sixth generation of general Yijiao, his mother Hino Chongzi, was initially named Cheng, and his Dharma name was Cizhao Academy, From one Sadaijin , quasi three palaces, free Minister of Supreme Government He died early with his mother and brother Yisheng, and was made a general Tian Shan holds the state , Hosokawa Shengyuan led the curtain politics, and after growing up, he strongly tended to be in charge of politics and put the deacons of the political office in an important position Yi Shi Zhen Qin , start to suppress shugo daimyō In the first year of Wenzheng (1466), Zhu Daming joined hands to make Zhen Qin lose power, and the foundation of justice began to weaken. The following year Zhengchang Tian Shan He Tian Shanyi competed for the supervisor of Tian Shan's family as the fuse, and Hosokawa Shengyuan and Mountain Name Keeps Abundance The antagonism between them intensifies, and the potential of all the famous people is divided into two sides, Ying Ren In the five years of civilization (1473), the general gave Yishang his legitimate son and moved to Dongshan Villa ten years later Dongshan Temple ， Yande In the first year (1489), after the death of Yishang, he came to power again. The next year, he died of illness. He was good at art, often sheltered artists and cultural people, and developed Dongshan culture.

In Beijing Metropolis Zuojing District build Ginkaku-ji , commonly known as Yinge Temple.

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Yinge Temple built by Zuli Yizheng

Sufficient profit Courtyard of Justice and Law Himalaya Daoqing, From one Sadaijin , quasi three palaces, free Minister of Supreme Government He died early with his mother and brother Yisheng, and was appointed as a general. He was in charge of the country and led the curtain administration. After growing up, he strongly preferred to be in charge of the government and put the deacon in the political office Yi Shi Zhen Qin , start to suppress shugo daimyō Policy, Wen Zheng In the first year (1466), Zhu Daming teamed up to make Zhen Qin lose power, and the foundation of justice began to weaken. The next year, the Chief Minister of Heshan and the Justice Minister of Heshan competed with each other Heshan The home supervisor is the fuse, and Hosokawa Shengyuan and Mountain Name Keeps Abundance The confrontation between the two sides intensified, and Zhu Daming's position was divided into two sides. Ying Ren and the civilization started to riot. In the fifth year of civilization (1473), the general was asked to give Yishang to his son, and ten years later, he moved to Dongshan Villa, called Dongshan Temple ， Yande In the first year (1489), Yishang returned to power after his death, and died of illness the following year.

The Shogunate was increasingly in financial straits during the period when the Zuli Righteous Government was in office doikki One after another, the more famous ones are Xiangde Tuyi Coyett in 1454 and Changlu Tuyi Coyett in 1457. Therefore, in the late period of his rule, the righteous government was quite disappointed in politics and entrusted government affairs to its own main office Tomiko Hino And Hosokawa Shengyuan Mountain Name Zongquan Equipotent shugo daimyō Administration.

Life experience

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Full Benefit and Righteous Administration is the sixth generation general Righteous and Beneficial Doctrine The third son of Sufficient profit Yicheng, enjoy forever He was born on January 2, 1436. In the first year of Cargill (1441), after his father Yijiao was assassinated by Akamatsu Manyou Full benefit and righteousness win He succeeded the general, but died early two years later. Zuli Yizheng was elected as the eighth generation general with the support of Guan Gui and other people; In the first year of Baode (1449), he formally took the post of general after serving in the Yuan Dynasty.

In the early days when Zuli took office, he tried to restore his grandfather Ashikaga Yoshimitsu And his father's policy of benefiting righteousness. In 1455, Kamakura Zulicheng's surname And Guandong Management Shangshan Xianzhong clashed, which eventually caused The chaos of enjoying virtue 。 Zuli Yizheng sent his elder brother To make full use of political knowledge He went to Kanto for Horihe and actively participated in the dispute. At the same time, appoint the deacon of the office Yi Shi Zhen Qin As a pen head, set Administration Office Adhere to the principle that the public and the public are firmly in the hands of the generals' proxies, strengthen the power of the generals, and try to fight against the increasingly powerful shugo daimyō power.

At that time, the guardian of Daming had many conflicts due to the inheritance of the family supervisor. The righteous government was involved in these civil disturbances. The first dispute involved was Gaga The civil strife of guarding Fu Jai's family (the riots in Gaga and Gaga) was opposed by the leader, Seiwon Hosokawa. In the third year of Baode's reign (1451), Zhitian Township was appointed as Guangyuan Tail sheet Guardian generation But was guarded by Weizhang, Yueqian and Yuanjiang Sibo Yijian And guardian generation Kai Constant obstruction.

In 1454, the third year of the reign of Emperor Xianglu, Heshan happen Royal Family Fury Zhengjiu, the nephew of the ruler of Mount Hata, and Yijiu, the son of the ruler, vied for the position of home supervisor. On August 21, Mountain Name Zongquan Take shelter with Hosokawa Shengyuan for a long time, and righteousness will escape kyoto 。 Full of interest, the righteous government supported Hetashan Yijiu and ordered Shengyuan to hide for a long time on the 29th Be officiated Abdominal incision. On November 2, Zong Quan was ordered to live in seclusion, and the order to live in seclusion was revoked the next day. On December 6, all the famous mountains But Malaysia On the 13th, he Shan Yijiu Shangluo , the righteous government recognized the position of the Yijiu Family Governor to the face.

The righteous government of full benefit confronts him by supporting him Hosokawa and Shan Mingshi The power of. At the same time of ordering Shan Mingzongquan to retreat to Malaysia, the righteous government supported Cargill Rebellion Declining Akamatsu , to fight against the mountain name. Chisong still marched into the mill on November 3 and attacked Zongquan on May 12 of the following year. At this time, Zuli Yizheng issued imperial teachings and began to govern in person.

Enjoying virtue In 4 years, Kanto erupted The chaos of enjoying virtue ， Guandong Management Shangshan Fangxian Junhe River Fan Zhong, the guardian of Konkawa, and Shangshan Fangding, the guardian of Yuehou, went out to fight Kamakura Zulicheng's surname 。 The shogunate captured Kamakura, and Cheng fled to the ancient river, saying Ancient river square 。 In 1458, the government of righteousness and full benefit（ Changlu 2 years) Pai Yimu To make full use of political knowledge He went to Kamakura and succeeded to the position of Kamakura Duke, but because he could not enter Kamakura, he stayed in Horue, known as Horue Duke. And it He Shanyi, who was supported by the former Yip government, is here Yamato As the power continues to expand, the righteous government immediately alienates the righteous government. In 1459, Fuji Yizheng pardoned Masahisama Masahisa, but Masahisa soon died of illness. Hosokawa Shengyuan supported Masahisa's younger brother, Masahisa Masahisa. In 1460, Zuli Yizheng ordered him to relinquish the position of home supervisor to the governor. Yijiu resisted, failed and fled to Yoshino in 1462.

In 1458, Zuli Yizheng issued the policy of paying back the land without knowing what to do, aiming at restoring the head office of the temple society and the restrictions on guardianship and Chinese people, which became the permanent rule of Jiaji and Feiji Spoyimin One of the reasons for the outbreak of the Changlu war. Sibo Yimin Attacks Yueqian Guardian generation Jiafei Changzhi refused to send troops to the shogunate for this reason The chaos of enjoying virtue The suppression of. Zuli Yizheng ordered Yimin to be removed from his position as the Lord and replaced his son Yikuan as the Lord, citing the disobedience of Sibo Yimin.

Chisong is still crusading Mountain Name Zongquan Attempt to recover in Akamatsu In the change of Changlu in 1457, Akamatsu tried to Post Southern Dynasties He took back the seal, but failed. The next year, he successfully recaptured the seal and placed it in the imperial court on August 30. Based on this achievement, Zuli Yizheng appointed Chisong Zhengze as the guardian of Beijiahe on October 14 to revive the Chisong family. On August 9, the righteous government pardoned Shan Mingzongquan and granted Huairou policy Let him talk to Seiwon Hosokawa.

In the early years, justice and justice were in full play Tomiko Hino He had a son between, but died early in 1459. Fuzi thinks this is because Present Participation Bureau Because of the curse, banish it to Lake Biwa The island of Okinawa. Since then, Tomo Hino and Yi Shi Zhen Qin , Ji Qiong, Zhenrui and other generals have become increasingly powerful. During this period, famine and natural disaster Then came, especially the Kuanzheng famine in 1461. Kyoto was seriously affected. It is said that He Maochuan Updrift They are all the bodies of starving dead people. However, the righteous government of sufficient interests built its own residence and Japanese garden , addicted to Sarugaku In the feast. During the period of leniency, justice and famine, the righteous government ignored government affairs and ignored The Emperor of the Back Garden Continue to remodel your own residence Flower Palace Therefore, it has a high reputation.

In 1463, Yoshiko Hino, Yizheng's mother, died of illness, and the Yizheng pardoned him Spoyimin Father and son, but just by lifting the crusade order, the righteous government still does not allow them to inherit the position of the Lord. The next year, Quanjinneng was held and planned to live in seclusion. Since Yizheng had no children, he asked his younger brother Yixun to return to the secular life, changed his name to Yishi, and accepted him as an adopted son and heir.

But in 1465, Tomiko Hino Unexpectedly, she gave birth to a man for Yizheng, that is Full benefit and righteousness 。 Fuzi wants Yishang to succeed the general, so he pulls in Mountain Name Zongquan ； On the other hand, Sufficient righteousness Close to the leader, Seiwon Hosokawa. After finding that there were differences in the family on the issue of inheritance, Zuli Yizheng refused to resign his post as a general, and always used the method of procrastination to avoid this problem. On the other hand, his interest in culture remained undiminished.

1461（ Wide and positive 2 years), Zuli Yizheng ordered to remove Sibo Yikuan from his position as governor of the family, and Yilian, son of Shichuan Yijing, succeeded him Spo's Be the Lord. Shibuyawa Yijing is Hori Yuegong Fang To make full use of political knowledge The deacon of Zuli Yizheng tried to use this method to obtain Spo's military support. But soon the mirror was the same Guandong Management Shangshan Opposition and loss of power, the righteous government turns to support Spoyimin 。 Spoiler With the support of Shan Mingzongquan and He Shanyijiu Daiuchi Zhenghong Assistance from. stay Yi Shi Zhen Qin Under the plan of Ji Qiong and Zhenrui, Sibo Yimin, on December 30, the 6th year of Kuanzheng (1466) Shangluo On July 23 of the following year, he formally ordered Spo Yimin to succeed to the position of Spo's family governor. On August 25, he was appointed Yueqian Tail sheet , Three Kingdoms guarding the far river.

But on September 6, there was a riot in Wuwei, and then Wen Zheng's coup , Yishi Zhenqin, Ji Qiong Zhenrui, Si Boyimin and other generals' proxies were shugo daimyō They fled under the oppression of the Communist Party of China, and the family officials who benefited the righteous government completely lost their confidants, so the righteous government also lost its political desire. December Mountain Name Zongquan Calling Hehe Mountain to be righteous Shangluo ， Ying Ren In the first month of the first year (1467), the righteous government recognized his position as governor of the family. With the support of Seiwon Hosokawa, Chief Minister Heatayama fought with Heatayama Yijiu, Yamamoto Zongquan and others in Kyoto for ten years nin War Start. Since then, the chaos of war has spread to Japan, Post Southern Dynasties His prince also took part in the battle.

At the beginning, the government of justice with full benefits held policy of neutrality , ordered a truce, but no one paid any attention. In June, the general's flag was awarded to the eastern army led by Hosokawa Shengyuan, and the western army led by Yamamoto Zongquan was ordered to be conquered. Sufficient righteousness Escape from the West and support the East. Incitement to powerful generals of the Western Army Chaocang Xiaojing Rebellion, appointed him as Vietnam Qianfeng on May 21, the third year of civilization (1471) Guardian generation 。 In the five years of civilization (1473), Hosokawa Shengyuan and Yamamoto Zongquan died of illness one after another. Taking this opportunity, Yizheng handed over the position of general to his son Yishang on December 19 and formally lived in seclusion.

Tomb of Benevolence and Justice

In 1476 (eight years of civilization) after Yizheng's seclusion, the Eastern and Western armies kyoto There is a battle in the city street, the general's residence Flower Palace Burned by the flames of war, Tomiko Hino and Full benefit and righteousness When he moved to Ogawa Di, Zuli Yizheng, who had previously lived in Ogawa Di, fled to live in Dongshan. In 1477, after the Yingren Rebellion ended, the relationship between Yizheng and Yishang was estranged, and the relationship between Yizheng and Fuzi worsened. When people called it "Muromachi Hall", they called it "Zuli Yizheng"“ Dongshan Temple ”， Muromachi bakufu Our politics is divided into two factions. In 1482, Zuli Yizheng began to build Dongshan Mountain Villa, which was opposite to his grandfather Ashikaga Yoshimitsu Yizheng called the central building of his villa "Silver Pavilion". In May of the 17th year of civilization (1485), Yishang was close To the public Armed conflict with the nearby public of the righteous government intensified the confrontation between the two sides. In June of the same year, Yizheng shaved his hair and became a monk. In fact, he decided to leave the political arena.

In 1489, Legitimate son Full benefit and righteousness In the collection Hexagonal The righteous government decided to return to politics, but was Tomiko Hino Against. At this time, the righteous government suffers apoplexy , unable to manage government affairs. So in Meinong The younger brother who guards Tuqi Chenglai Sufficient righteousness He reached a settlement and adopted Yicai, the legitimate son of Yishi, as his adopted son and made him heir. The righteous government died of illness this year, and he was 55 years old (over 54 years old), To make full use of Yicai The successor is a general.

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Although Zugli Yizheng was a failed ruler in politics, he had a great influence on Japan Muromachi period Of Cultural development Has made certain contributions. The righteous government is good at art and often protects artists and cultural people. Zeng Zhaoting, Shishan Ami Shouye Sect painter Shouno Zhengxin 、 noh Ami et al Dongshan Temple (Today Ginkaku-ji ）, Dongshan culture is rising. Righteous and Beneficial Doctrine After being assassinated, Japan and the Ming Dynasty Kanhe Trade Once interrupted. In 1451 (the 3rd year of Baode's reign), it was restored after being the heir of the righteous government Tomorrow's trade 。 In the early stage, the government of righteousness actively promoted the economic exchanges and cultural development between Japan and the Ming Dynasty, and seized the real power of righteousness shugo daimyō Restored Ashikaga Yoshimitsu The policies of the era rebuilt the shogunate finance and built a period of financial stability that can be called as the Yiman era. However, when real power was taken away, justice was concerned with restoring its real power rather than relieving the people, and spent a lot of money to build gardens. After the Yingren Rebellion, the shogunate was in financial difficulties. Since then, its real power over the trade of the Ming Dynasty has been in the hands of Hosokawa and Darnay The economic strength of General Zuli's family began to decline.

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