Zhao Gongming, also known as Zhao Xuantan and Black Tiger Xuantan,TaoismBelievedGod of WealthIt is said that he can control electricity by fighting thunder, eliminate plagues and avoid disasters, and uphold justice[1]。In the Qin Dynasty, the Tao came fromZhongnan Mountain，[16]Taoism reveres as "Marshal of Zhengyi Xuantan".[1]
According to《unabridged dictionary》It is recorded that the image of Zhao Xuantan Temple is black faced with thick whiskers, wearing an iron crown, holding an iron whip, and crossing a black tiger.[1]
(Source of overview picture: Statue of God of Wealth in Singapore's Marina Bay Garden.)[9]
Full Name
Zhao Gongming
Alias
Zhao Heihu、Zhao Xuantan、Marshal Zhao Gong、Marshal Zhao, Black Tiger Xuantan、Zhao Tianjun
Mythological system
Chinese mythology
Image identity
God of Wealth
Image characteristics
Black face with thick beard, wearing an iron crown, holding an iron whip, and crossing a black tiger
Han DynastyDuring the period, the Taoist book The Record of Ancient Books recorded that Zhao Gongming was "the essence of the sun".[2]
During the Jin Dynasty《Stories of Immortals》According to the record, "Zhao Gongming, the three generals of GodZhong Shiji, and each supervisor and ghost will take people ".[2]《Postscript of searching god》"Zhao Xuantan, born in the Qin Dynasty, got his way from Zhongnan Mountain".[2]
During the Southern Dynasty《True·Xiechang Period records: "The Emperor of Heaven told Zhao Gongming, the Five Gods of Zhiqi in Tuxiazhong, that the title A and B of a country were as young as a thousand years old. They were born with the spirit of halal. They managed the Holy Palace with their heads bent, hid in the dark, calmed down and overcame the weak. They rejected all taboos and should not harm the spirit.".[2]
During the Ming Dynasty《Collection of Three Cults》It is recorded that "Zhao Gongming, a native of Zhongnanshan, wears an iron crown and holds an iron whip in his hand. His face is like black charcoal and his beard is four. He crosses the black tiger and is awarded the marshal of the Zhengyi Xuantan. He can drive away thunder and electricity, call the wind and rain, fight plague and malaria, and ward off diseases and disasters. In case of grievances, he can explain justice, buy and sell for wealth, and be willing to benefit and make peace.".[2]《The Complete Biography of Lie Xian》It is recorded that "Zhao Gongming was the eight ghost marshals, and Zhou Xingren killed all the people, and the Supreme Lord ordered Tianshi Zhang to rule".[2]The Notes to the Collection of Langya Gold and Stone said: "The god of wealth, whose surname is Zhao Minglang and whose name is Gongming, has existed in Langya since ancient times. In the past, when he was born in the sky for ten days, the emperor ordered Yi to shoot for nine days. His eight fallen into the sea were immortals, and the eight immortals on the sea were immortals. Yu Yi fell on the Tiantai. He was a stone, a sun stone, and his essence was also a man, and Zhao Gongming was also. He grew up and practiced in Mount Emei, and got the skill of immortals.When the Shang and Zhou Dynasties fought, they were invited by the Grand Master to go down the mountain to help the merchants. The failure was killed by the Grand Duke.Taigong Qishan was granted the title of God, Lang was granted the title of True King of Xuantan, and the sun essence returned to the Tiantai, so the true sun was attached to the stone, and God and body were integrated.It has jurisdiction over the Celestial Monk for Treasures, the Celestial Monk for Treasures, the Messenger for Wealth, and the Celestial Official for Profits and Markets, and is specialized in the responsibility of welcoming and blessing the world.Since then, there has been a temple under the stone for the position of true king, and Tiantai Mountain has also changed its name to Caishan. "[2]
Modern《Encyclopedia of China ·Religion records that "Zhao Gongming, also known as Marshal Zhao Gongming, the god of wealth, is a secular worshiper. He is well cultivated and can drive away thunder and electricity, eliminate plague and malaria, dispel diseases and avoid disasters, buy and sell wealth, and make it suitable for profit".[6]
Cultural characteristics
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Cultural relics
Temple of God of Wealth in Tiantai MountainLocated in Taoluo Town, Rizhao City, it is the temple of Zhao Gongming, the god of wealth.It is said that the 15th day of the third month of the lunar calendar is the birthday of Zhao Gongming, the god of wealth.Before and after the birthday, many people from all over the country will climb Tiantai Mountain to pray and worship.On April 9, 2017, the first Rizhao Tiantai Mountain God of Wealth Temple Fair was held inTaoluo TownTiantai Mountain God of Wealth Temple was held.[4]
stayXi'anZhouzhi CountyTianyu RiverOn the east bank, a cultural area of the god of wealth has been built with the hometown of Zhao Gongming, the Chinese god of wealth, as the core.[7]
custom
In the north, it will be held on the second day of the first monthOffering sacrifices to God of WealthActivities.Each family offered sacrifices to the God of Wealth on New Year's Eve.In fact, they burned the coarse printed materials they bought.This day, we will eat wonton at noon, commonly known as "Yuanbao Soup".The sacrificial offerings are fish and mutton.A big business in old Beijing. It is on a big scale this daysacrificeIn the event, the "five major offerings", namely, whole pigs, whole sheep, whole chickens, whole ducks, red live carp, etc., are used to pray for wealth.[3]
The Painting of God of Wealth, performed in Longxi Yangko, is a story about Zhao Gongming who subdued a black tiger and took it as his own mount when he was practicing in Fuluo Cave, Mount Emei, Sichuan.[11]
staySichuanMianzhuIn the early Ming Dynasty, artists of New Year pictures used Zhao Gongming's adult paintings as offerings.During the Ming and Qing dynasties, the Mianzhu New Year picture "Zhao Gong Zhen Zhai" was sold all over China, which was a magic symbol for people to pray for wealth and security.[12]
The hometown of the god of wealth
According to the official website of Xi'an Zhouzhi County Government, Zhao Gongming was born and eclipsed in Zhouzhi County, Xi'an, Shaanxi ProvinceJixian TownZhaodaicun。The remnant stele about Zhao Gongming's deeds carved in 1581, the ninth year of Wanli of the Ming Dynasty in Zhaodai Village.The inscription reads: "The scripture platform is located in the northeast. It is still called Zhaoda Village. There was an old Xuantan Temple. The god of wealth was born in Siya...".[6]
esse
In the middle of the 20th century, China Huayi Tobacco Company produced the "God of Wealth" cigarette label, and China Xuchang Cigarette Factory produced the "Zhao Gong Presents Treasures" cigarette label.[5]
Artistic image
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Literary image
Zhao Gongming's literary works mainly include《The Canonization of the Gods·Ninety ninth chapter, in the section of "Ninety ninth chapter Jiang Ziya sealed the gods", Jiang Ziya named Zhao Gongming as "the true king of the Golden Dragon Ruyi Zhengyi Dragon Tiger Xuan Altar", and later Zhao Gongming was responsible for managing all the gold and silver treasures in the world.[5]
The ghost of the devil, the ghost of the plague and the god of wealth are the trilogy of the evolution of Zhao Gongming's divine personality;Punishing evil, promoting good and giving money are the trilogy of the development of Zhao Gongming's priesthood.(A review of Zhang Fuchun's "Ghost, Ghost of Plague, God of Wealth: On the Evolution of Zhao Gongming's Godhead")[13]
