He Xun (260-319, August 28)[1]）, Yanxian, Shanyin County, Kuaiji Prefecture (today's Zhejiang ProvinceShaoxing City）People.[2]A famous minister in the Jin Dynasty and a general after the Wu DynastyHe QiOrder of great grandson and Sun WuHe ShaoSon of.
He Xun has long been famous, andJi Zhan、Min Hong、Gu Rong、Xue JianIt is also called "Five Juns".Initial appointmentFacial features, Yangxian County Magistrate, Wukang County Magistrate, Prince Sheriff and other posts, with considerable achievements in local government.He retired to Kuaiji, participated in the crusade against Shi Bing, and refused to betray generalsChen MinThe reward of.Langya KingSima RuiAfter he left the town to build his career, He Xun was invited to work for him. He served as a calendar officer in the internal history of the State of Wu, a military counselor, a liquor offering official, and a Taichang official. He also paid a lot of subsidies for the court's etiquette.
In the second year of Taixing (319), He Xun died at the age of 60.As a gift to Sikong, posthumously titled "Mu"[3]。He Xunshan's composition is a collection of books.There are five volumes of anthologies (one for two volumes), which have been lost.
Source of pictures in the overview:[4]
Alias
He Sikong
word
Yanxian
Times
Wei-Jin period
Ethnic groups
Han nationality
one's native heath
Shanyin County, Kuaiji County
date of birth
260 years
Date of death
August 28, 2019
Key achievements
Assist the founding of the Eastern Jin Dynasty;Dig artificial canals
He Xun's ancestor, Qing Pu, taught him in the Western Han Dynasty《ceremony》, the so-called "Qingshi School";He Xun's AncestorHe ChunHe is well known for his profound knowledge and avoids Emperor An of Han DynastyLiu HuFather Qinghe XiaowangLiu QingThe taboo was changed to He surname;Great ancestorHe QiIt's the Three Kingdoms periodWu kingdomThe famous general of;grandfatherHe JingOfficial to the captain of the school to destroy thieves;fatherHe Shao, onSun HaoTime official arrivalMiddle order。[5]
TianceIn the first year (275), He Shao was killed by Sun Hao in vain, and his family was exiled toLinhai CountyAt that time, young He Xun also moved with his family.[6]untilTaikangIn the first year (280 years), the State of Wu perished, and He Xunchai was able to return to his hometown.[7]
rise to fame
He Xun
He Xun has high moral integrity. He was different from ordinary people in his childhood. His words and deeds must be polite, modest, andJi Zhan、Min Hong、Gu Rong、Xue JianThey were equally famous and called "Five Juns".[8]coverJoint inspectionState Minister Ding Yi, pleaseFacial features，Yangzhou GovernorJi XiProcuratorial examinationHe is a scholarYang XianCounty magistrate, he is based on generosity, benevolence and righteousness, and does not seek excellence in performance appraisal.[9]
Later, He Xun was transferred to the county magistrate of Wukang.The customs of Wukang CountyA heavy burialHe Xun banned these customs when he stopped the funeral on the day of danger.His decrees were widely spread, and neighboring cities followed suit.However, He Xun was not recommended in the imperial court, so he could not ascend for a long time.official in charge of compiling national history, litterateurLand-based aircraftHe Xun was recommended by Shangshu and thought he couldShangshulang。It was a long time before the court called He Xun to fill the postThe prince laid down a man。[10]
FoundingZhao Wang in the first year (301)SimalonUsurped the throne and turned He Xun intoTo serve as an official, but he resigned on the grounds of illness.Later, he was appointed as General NanzhonglangLong history, but He Xun did not take office.[11]
Keep one's integrity
Tai'anTwo years (303 years),Zhang Chang UprisingBurst, Li Chen is inJiangxia CountyRevolt, courtZhengzhenThey are powerless to levy and flee.Li Chen's Deputy CommanderStone iceOccupy Yangzhou and expel Zhang Jing, the prime minister of Kuaiji StateEscortCheng Chao replaced him, and ordered his own Chang Shi Zai and the county magistrate of Shanyin.In December, Jiangnan HaozuWang Ju、Gu Mi、Zhou XuanWhen they launched a crusade against Shi Bing, they elected Gu as the governor of the nine counties of Yangzhou and spread the news to all countiesDenunciationKill the generals and officials appointed by Shi Bing.He Xun also responded in Kuaiji.[12]Shi Bing's general resisted the favor. At that time, there were thousands of soldiers stationed in the countyForum。He Xun transferred his statement to Anti Chong, stating the advantages and disadvantages of defection. Anti Chong fled. Cheng Chao and Zai Yu surrendered to He Xun, and Kuaiji County was pacified.He Xun sent people to welcome Zhang Jing back to the county and immediately sent the soldierskeep close at home, do not participate in the evaluation of merit and reward.[13]
YongxingIn the second year (305), Chen Min, the right general, launched a rebellion, pretending to be the imperial edict, and appointed He Xun as Dan YangInternal history。He Xun Tuotuo said that he suffered from foot disease and could not hold a pen, so he took it againCold Food PowderChen Min finally dares not to force him.At that time, most of the aristocratic families in Yangzhou were forced to submit. Some were also granted official posts because of their old age and illness. Only He Xun and Wu Jun aristocratic familiesJubileeNot involved.[14]
Ruling Confucians
He Xun's image[4]
YongjiaIn the first year (307), Chen Min's rebellion was put down,General ZhengdongZhou FuIt is suggested that He Xun should be the minister of Kuaiji, the internal history of the State of Wu, and the courtbuswiththe virtuousKe recruited him, but He Xun did not take office.In September of the same year,General Anton, Langya KingSima Rui(i.e. the Yuan Emperor of Jin Dynasty) out of townJianye, adoptedSimaWang DaoSend him to visitGu RongWith He Xun, they accepted the invitation to Sima Rui's office. He Xun was appointed as the internal history of the State of Wu to participate in military and political affairs.[15-16]Sima Yue, King of the East China Sea, appointed He Xun asJoin the army, called up asdoctorHowever, He Xun did not apply.[17]
In May of the fifth year of Yongjia (311), Sima Rui was appointedZhendong Grand GeneralAs Gu Rong, the head of Zhendong Army, died, he was extended to take the post of He Xun.He Xun said that he was seriously ill. He refused more than ten times. Sima Rui wrote letters to persuade him, but he didn't answer the call.Later, Sima Ruiundertake to manufacture for othersAppoint He Xun as Military CounsellorOffering sacrifices to alcohol。He Xun excused himself for being ill. After many times of urging, he had no choice but to go to Korea with his illness.He Xun is too weak to go to court due to illnesspay homageSima Rui will addCourt dressHe Xun resigned and did not accept any reward for giving the first area of the house, carriages, horses, beds, tents, clothes and bedding.[18]
He Xun was promoted to office in the early years of Jianwu (317-318)Too often。If the Imperial Court hesitates, he always asks him for advice. He Xun often answers politely.
TaixingHe Xun passed away on the second day of July (August 28, 319)[1]。Posted by the Imperial CourtSikong, with the posthumous title of "Mu".
Main impacts
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He Xun acted asJiangnangentryLeader, yesEastern Jin DynastyIt has played an important role in supporting the establishment of the Imperial Court, and it also has many subsidies for court etiquette.
He Xun was appointed as the internal history officer of Kuaiji. He planned and surveyed the terrain, mobilized the people, and dug an artificial canal from Xiling in the west (today's Xiaoshan Xixing in Zhejiang) to the county town via Xiaoshan, Qianqing and Keqiao.Later, people were organized to repair other rivers connected with it, forming a crisscross water network, so that the original rivers could flow to each other, adjust the water level, and ensure the need for farmland irrigation.Not only has it improvedKuaiji CountyThe water environment ofJianhu LakeIts water conservancy function provides people with the benefits of irrigation, boats, aquaculture and fishery, and it also provides transportation, material suitability and military convenience for the whole eastern Zhejiang.
personal works
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He Xun has one volume of Funeral Costume Manual, ten volumes of Funeral Costume Records, and twenty volumes of anthologies (two volumes of Tang Shu Jing Ji Zhi, and five volumes of Sui Shu Jing Ji Zhi).Volume 88 of Quanjin Wen contains his memorials.[19]
Character evaluation
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Land-based aircraft: When I saw that Wu Kang ordered He Xunde to be profound, I learned from Qingyuan, obeyed Taoism, was dignified, experienced two cities, and was solemn in punishment.[20]
Wang Dao: ① Gu Rong, He Xun, the hope of this land, has not yet aroused people's hearts.Once the second son arrives, he will come.[21]② Gu Rong, He Xun, Ji Zhan and Zhou Gui are all the best in southern China. If you are willing to do your best, the world will be safe.[21]
Gu Rong: Lu Shiguang (Lu Ye) is honest and noble, and of high quality;Gan Jisi (Gan Zhuo) is loyal and honest, and has the courage to work quickly;Yin Qingyuan has a little clear rules, which can be used in civil and military affairs;The elder brother of Rong nationality makes it bright and observant, and difficult to operate when trapped;Both Yang Yanming and Xie Xingyan in Kuaiji conform to Confucianism, which is public expectation;He Sheng Shen Qian, a scholar of Qingyun;Brother Tao Gong has few talents, but he is very practical.All these people are from Nanjin.[22]
Wang Dun: I saw that the Taisun Sheren Kuaiji He Xun and the Virtuous Lu Jiang Du Yi walked the high road, and they were able to pass through the king's affairs through the combination of thinking and learning.The two counties along the line are famous for their achievements. They are equipped with the Eastern Palace of Liao, and they are loyal and scrupulous.The barbarians are pure and empty, and they are different from the common customs. They test the empty valley and hide the fat.It is a good treasure of the state, and it is urgent to hire.[23]
Sima Rui: ① Follow words and deeds with courtesy, which is the hope of the times and the expression of vulgarity.Rely on their advice, and use health to gain opportunities.The disease is simple, but we still hope that the recumbent minister will help us, and we will stick to the modest attitude. Since Chen Zhen arrived, this virtuous person will follow his faith and believe in obedience, and will give way to others.[20]② Follow the principles of purity and integrity, behave in a vulgar manner, and be in the position of the top minister, while the clothing covers the circumference of the house, and the property of the house is sheltered from the wind and rain.[20]
Sun Chuo: Duke Siwen, whose birthday is guaranteed.Quality is noble and pure, and Huazao gold seal.The total angle Yun De, was brown Taoguang.Since the past, chaos, drum levy day earthquake.Rites and music are hidden, and poetry and books are covered with dust.The philosopher sighs with reverie, and hangs the curtain to clarify the spirit.Looking up at Zhu Si, Yang Bo Juejin.Fang Yaojin Xuan, Xiezan Hengji.The heaven never hangs, and once never died.The gentry is decadent, and the emperor's virtue is incomparable.Chinese Americans share the same sorrow.[24]
Yu Yu: High moral integrity, the children are not common, and their words and deeds must be courteous.He is eager to learn and knowledgeable, especially good at three courtesies.[25]
Fang Xuanling: ① The Emperor of the Yuan Dynasty built the foundation of Huaihai, Baidu Quanyu, dreamed of building a group of talents, and achieved common prosperity.Gu, Ji, He, Xue, etc., and Nanjin Dongjian, Shizhou Gaomen, appointed officials to dominate the court, and heard about the state;Dian Xian collected his publications and stood in front of his strategists;I hope to see the gentry again, let Weiyuan Kai be the leader, become famous, and honor the country and the family.It is not only the sense of club clock, but also the talent.Then he ascended the throne of Baofu and looked at Telong. Then he sent Luan Bi to come down, and Chengming bowed down.Although the Western Han Dynasty honored Zhang Yu, and the Eastern Capital honored him, it was a mistake.[20]② He who knows first, thinks far and is straight.Xue Jiqingzhen, He Weixuezhi.When meeting the Lord at the right time, bend the wind and straighten your wings.[20]
Fan Chengda: The drill is high and fierce, and the children are not in groups. When words and deeds go forward and stop, they must be courteous.[27]
Zhu Xi: The talents used in the Eastern Jin Dynasty were all born in Zhongzhou.However, Gu Rongheshun is popular and has no choice but to use it.[28]
Zhang Xuan: Read extensively, especially pass on etiquette, and learn from others.[29]
Li CimingIf the thickness of the Yanghu, the practice of Du Yu, the strength of Liu Yizhi, the strength of Wang Junzhi, the insight of Liu Hongzhi, the ambition of Jiang Tong, the loyalty of the surrounding areas, the courage of weekly visits, the style of Bian Guan, the dry situation of tawdry, the wisdom of Wen and Qiao, the marriage of Zu Ti, the Bo Ao of Guo Puzhi, the Confucianism of He Xun, the chastity of Liu Chao, the correction of Cai Mo, the quality of Xie An, the style of Wang Tan, the purity of Kong Yu,Wang Xizhi's high and simple style, all outstanding in mediocrity, is the first class in the Jin Dynasty, and there are only 20 people left.[30]
Anecdotes and allusions
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Harp in boat
Statue of He Xun
He Xun once went to Luoyang to take office. Ren Taisun Sheren passed by WuChangmenWhen playing the piano on the ship.Zhang HanI didn't know him at first, but when I was at the Jinchang Pavilion, I heard the sound of the zither very clear. I got off the boat and went to find He Xun, so we talked together. As a result, we got to know each other better and were very happy.Zhang Han asked He Xun, "Where are you going.He didn't tell his family, but they found out about it after searching.[31]
suffer heavy losses
Once, Sima Rui talked with He Xun about the past events of Wu Shi and asked:“Sun Hao(The end of the Wu Dynasty) once cut off the head of a man surnamed He with a burning saw. Who is this man? "He Xun hasn't answered yet, Sima Rui suddenly realizes: "YesHe Shao(The father of He Xun). "He Xun said with tears, "My father suffered from a tyrant, and I was so hurt that I couldn't answer with words." Sima Rui was very guilty about this, and didn't go out for three days.[32]
Honor the world
a military rankZhang KaiLiving in a small city, he privately set up street gates, closing early every day, but opening late.The people nearby were worried about this, so they went to the state yamen to complain. The yamen did not accept it;Finally, I got to beat the drums, but I still couldn't get a verdict.Everyone heard that He Xun went out and complained to him when he arrived at the broken hill.He Xun said, "I was transferred to be a civil servant, which has nothing to do with it." The people kowtowed to him and said, "If the monarch doesn't care about us, we will have no place to complain." He didn't say anything, but asked everyone to step down temporarily. He said that when he saw Zhang Tingwei, he would ask about it for everyone.After hearing this, Zhang Kai immediately dismantled the door and went to Fangshan to meet He Xun.He Xun showed him his confession and said, "I don't need to interfere with this matter, but I am a family friend with you (He Xun's great grandfatherHe QiAnd Zhang Kai's great grandfatherZhang ZhaoXiangshan), for your sake, I am reluctant to throw it away. "Zhang Kai apologized and said: "The people had such a request, but they didn't immediately understand it, and the door had already been demolished."[33]
The word "Xingbo" was used to describe the official position in the middle schoolPrince and Fu, was later killed by Sun Hao, and his family members were exiled to Bianjun.
