text
The two basic categories of philosophy that represent things. Quality is determined by the internal special contradiction of things, which distinguishes one thing from another Prescriptive 。 Quantity is the expression of the grade, scale, scope and structure of quality, and is the prescriptiveness that things can be represented by numbers and shapes. The reason why something is something rather than something else is that it has its own special quality. If something loses its quality, it is no longer something but something else. Quality and things are inseparable: things always have a certain quality, and things without any quality are not; Quality is always the quality of something, and there is no quality separated from anything. The quality of things is not only a unified whole, but also has many different aspects, that is, there are many aspects of quality. For example, people have both physical and social qualities. People can focus on the quality of one aspect of things according to the needs of practice, and define the same thing differently from different angles. However, the quality of any aspect is an objective stipulation determined by the special contradiction of things themselves. The quality of things in relation to other things is called attribute. People recognize the quality of things by observing and analyzing their attributes.
Quantity is different from quality. When the quality of something changes, it is no longer something, but the change of the quantity of something does not affect the fact that something is something within a certain range. In this sense, we can say that quantity is the external stipulation of things. But this does not mean that the prescriptiveness of quantity is imposed on things by external forces. It is still the objective prescriptiveness of things themselves. The quantity of things is also inseparable from things: things without any quantity and quantities separated from anything do not exist in reality. Corresponding to the quality of different aspects of things, the quantity of things also has different aspects. People can practice We need to focus on studying the quantity of some aspects of things. We can also abstract the quantity of different things in our thinking for independent research, and establish and develop science such as pure mathematics. Grasping the quality of things is the most basic condition for people's practical activities and cognitive activities. Without the grasp of quality, it is impossible to distinguish different objects and determine things. Confusing the qualitative differences between things will inevitably lead to errors in cognition and failures in practice. Even in the field of mathematics that focuses on quantitative relations, real numbers and imaginary numbers Rational and irrational numbers There are also qualitative differences between positive numbers and negative numbers. Only when their quality is determined can their quantity be calculated. It is very important to analyze the quantity of things. Only by grasping the quantity of things can we grasp the quality of things more deeply. For example, it is necessary to know the composition of a certain compound through quantitative analysis for a deep understanding of its nature; Grasping the quantity of things can more accurately evaluate the significance and role of a thing in practice. For example, the analysis of various economic indicators is extremely important to guide economic work. "Know something" means to have a basic quantitative analysis of the situation and problems. Modern science puts forward higher and higher requirements for the accuracy of quantitative analysis, which is an inevitable trend of deepening human understanding.
