The financial year is also called the budget year, or budget period.It refers to the start and end time of budget validity.At present, most countries implement annual budget, but the budget year varies from country to country.Most countries adopt the calendar year system, that is, the starting and ending time consistent with the calendar year.For example, from January 1 to December 31 of the current year.Other countries implement a cross year system, that is, the starting and ending times that are inconsistent with the calendar year span two calendar years.The United States, Britain and Japan implement a trans annual system.The fiscal year of the United States is July 1 of the current year - June 30 of the next year, and from 1976 to October 1 of the current year - September 30 of the next year;Both Britain and Japan are April 1 of that year - March 31 of the next year.The determination of the fiscal year in capitalist countries depends on two factors: first, the peak tax season.Second, a few months before the beginning of the year should be the beginning of Congress to seek its commitment.When determining the fiscal year in a socialist country, it is considered that the fiscal year is consistent with the year of the national economic plan.[1]
It usually takes one year as a unit and is called "financial year".Most countries in the world, including China, North KoreaYugoslaviaHungary, Poland, GermanyAustria, France, etc., the fiscal year adopts the calendar year system, that is, from January 1 to December 31 of the Gregorian calendar;Some countries adopt a trans calendar fiscal year system, such as the United Kingdom, Canada, Japan, India, etc., from April 1 of the current year to March 31 of the next year;SwedenThe People's Republic of Bangladesh, PakistanSudanFrom July 1 of the current year to June 30 of the next year;The United States, Niger and Thailand will start on October 1 of that year and end on September 30 of the next year.For a budget that adopts a calendar year system, the year of the end date of the budget year is generally taken as the budget year of the period.
Supplement: searched on September 25, 2008U.S.AThe financial report of a local listed company shows that the end of the financial year is July 31.
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The start and end dates of financial years vary from country to country.Generally, it can be divided into calendar year system and cross calendar year system.
Financial budget
① The calendar year system means that the beginning and end of the financial year are the same as the beginning and end of the calendar, that is, from January 1 to December 31 of the Gregorian calendar.The calendar year system used includes Mainland China, Taiwan, Germany, France, PolandAustria, Hungary, North KoreaYugoslaviaEtc.
② Cross calendar year system means that the start and end periods of the financial year are different from the beginning and end of the annual calendar, for example, the United Kingdom, Japan, Canada, India, Hong Kong and other countries and regions are from April 1 to March 31 of the next year;Sweden, Egypt, AustraliaPakistan、The People's Republic of Bangladesh、SudanAnd other countries from July 1 to June 30 of the next year;Before 1976, the United States started from July 1 to June 30 of the next year. After 1976, it was changed to October 1 to September 30 of the next year.From October 1, ThailandNigeriaEtc.Saudi Arabia, Nepal and other countries adopt a floating system in their fiscal years. Saudi Arabia prepares its budget according to the Hajra calendar, and the start and end dates and time periods of its annual budget are different.
The name of the fiscal year, if adopting the calendar year system, depends on the year in A.D., for example, the period from January 1, 1991 to December 31 of the same year is called the fiscal year 1991.If the cross calendar year system is adopted, the fiscal year of the period is generally the year to which the fiscal year ends. For example, from October 1, 1991 to September 30 of the next year, it is called the fiscal year 1992;If legal proceedings are involved, it shall be referred to as the fiscal year 1991-1992.The determination of the start and end dates of the financial year of countries around the world mainly depends on their own countriesnational conditions, history, traditional customs and financial management needs, such as:
① The time when the legislative body meets to consider and adopt the budget bill during the meeting;
② The beginning of the year is the peak tax season to facilitate the implementation of the new budget;
③ Keep the consistency of government, tax, company and national statistical data compilation year;
④ Adapt to agricultural planting and harvest season;
⑤ Originally a colony orAffiliated countryThe fiscal year of its suzerain state is generally used historically in the country of;
