Shuowenjiezi Note was written in the Qing DynastyDuan YucaiHis works on linguistics were first published in 1992.
Shuowenjiezi Note is one of the books about the annotation and research of Shuowenjiezi.The book consists of 30 volumes.The book comprehensively expounds the structural principles of Chinese characters, and has many original ideas on the characters of classics and phonology.Attached at the back of the bookPhonology Table of Six Books, according toThe Book of SongsIt is also an important work of ancient phonology.[1]
There are thirty volumes of Shuowen Jiezi Annotation, and five chapters of Duan's ancient phonology book "Six Books Phonology Table" are attached to the volume.Attached at the end of the volume, according to the Book of Songs, the Phonology Table of Six Books divides ancient rhymes into six categories and seventeen parts, which is the basis for Shuowenjiezi Notes to mark ancient rhymes on the characters of Shuowen.There are five chapters in total: First, the table of seventeen ancient rhymes, which is the general outline of the whole book;Second, the Harmony Table of the Ancient Seventeen Parts lists the homophonic parts of the characters in the ancient rhyme seventeen parts in combination with the homophonic words. Third, the Classification Table of the Combined Use of the Ancient Seventeen Parts explains the communication relationship between each rhyme part, and divides the seventeen parts into six categories according to the distance of the voice, indicating that "the same kind is near, and the different kind is far". Fourth, the Classification Table of the 17 Parts in the Book of Songs, according to the order of the seventeen parts,Discusses the use of rhymes in the Book of Songs;Fifthly, "The rhyme of Qun Jing is divided into 17 parts", which lists the rhyme usage of Qun Jing such as "Guoyu", "Chuci", etc.The fourth and fifth tables analyze the use of rhymes in classic works such as The Book of Songs with 17 ancient rhymes, and in turn, use these specific language materials as proof of the 17 ancient rhymes.[2]
Catalogue of works
Announce
edit
preface
Notes on Shuowen Jiezi
Brief Preface of Kota's Line
Wang Nian and Sun Xu
Shuowen Jiezi Annotation Volume Catalog
Volume I Commentary on Text and Word Interpretation Part I
Volume II Notes to Shuowen Jiezi Chapter I (II)
Volume III Notes to Shuowen Jiezi Chapter II
Volume IV Commentary on Explaining Words Part II
Volume V Commentary on Text and Word Interpretation Chapter III (I)
Volume VI Commentary on Explaining Words Chapter III (II)
Volume VII Commentary on Explaining Words Chapter IV (I)
Volume VIII Commentary on Explaining Words Chapter IV (II)
Volume 9 Notes to Shuowen Jiezi Chapter 5 (I)
Volume 10 Commentary on Explaining Words Chapter 5 (II)
Volume XI Explaining Words Notes Chapter VI (I)
Volume 12 Explaining Words Notes Chapter 6 (2)
Volume 13 Notes to Shuowen Jiezi Chapter 7 (I)
Volume 14 Commentary on Explaining Words Chapter 7 (II)
Volume 15 Commentary on Explaining Words Chapter 8 (I)
Notes on Shuowen Jiezi Chapter 8 (2)
Volume 16 Commentary on Text and Word Interpretation Chapter 9 (I)
Volume 17 Commentary on Explaining Words Chapter 9 (II)
Volume 18 Explaining Words Notes Chapter 10 (I)
Volume 19 Commentary on Explaining Words Chapter 10 (II)
Volume 20 Notes to Shuowen Jiezi Chapter 11 (I)
Volume 21 Commentary on Narration and Word Interpretation Chapter 11 First Two
Volume 22 Notes to Shuowen Jiezi Chapter 11 II Volume 23 Notes to Shuowen Jiezi Chapter 12 I
Volume 24 Notes to Shuowen Jiezi Chapter 13 (II)
Volume 25 Notes to Shuowen Jiezi Chapter 13 (I)
Volume 26 Explaining Words Notes Chapter 13 (II)
Volume 27 Notes to Shuowen Jiezi Chapter 14 (I)
Volume 28 Explaining Words Notes Chapter 14 (2)
Volume 29 Commentary on Interpreting Words Chapter 15 (I)
Volume 30 Explaining Words Notes Chapter 15 (2)
Volume 31 Six Book Phonetic Average Table I
Six syllables mean two
Six syllables mean three
Volume 32 Six Book Phonetic Average Table 4
Six book sounds mean five[5]
Idea of works
Announce
edit
Duan Yucai's annotations to Shuowen mainly include the following aspects.
1、 Compare and survey the two Xu (Xu Xuan, Xu Kai) editions, and the errors of the journal's official biography and printed edition.Shuowen has been written to be rigid in the Song Dynasty through generations, and there have been many false snatches. People in the Ming Dynasty carved it with the Song version, and some mistakes occurred.Duan Yucai carefully collated the Xiaoxu edition, especially the big Xu edition with many mistakes, according to Er Ya Yin Yi, Yu Pian, Yun Hui, Taiping Yu Lan and other books, and revised many places.[4]
2、 Explain the style of Shuowen.Xu Shen's Shuowen does not have any examples. Duan Shi actually made some examples in his notes, such as about parts, about ancient Zhou, about the word order, explanation, voice training, "read if", etc. Duan Shi explained their application regulations one by one in the notes, which is convenient for readers.[4]
3、 Duan made a further elucidation of Shuowen in terms of vocabulary research.(1) About extended meaning and borrowed meaning.Shuowen only talks about the original meaning, not the extended meaning.Duan's notes also emphasize extended meaning and borrowed meaning, so that the main meanings of polysemy words can be found, reflecting Duan's research on polysemy of words.(2) Because ancient scholars could not distinguish the relationship between characters and words, they often made mistakes in exegesis. Duan's clear understanding of "continuous characters cannot be separated" shows that he has a more scientific understanding of the differences between characters and words in Chinese and the Chinese word formation.(3) Duan has noticed the work of synonyms' meaning discrimination, and distinguishes the similarities and differences of synonyms and synonyms' use by "unifying words" and "analyzing words".(4) In addition to the explanation in Shuowen, it explains the changes in the meaning of words.It points out that the use of characters varies from ancient to modern due to different times, and explains that the ancient word is equivalent to the modern word according to Xu Shen's instructions, so as to explore the law of the growth and evolution of characters.[4]
4、 Quote ancient Zhou and explain Shuowen.In Shuowen, there are many ancient words and meanings preserved. Duan cited the history of classics to explain Xu Shuo, and explained the meaning of words from both the form and sound, which is the most innovative.
5、 Explain the relationship between pronunciation and meaning, and explain the reason why the words have the same meaning according to the homophonic phonetic symbols.The phonetic symbols of pictophonetic characters are similar or similar sometimes.Duan studies language from the perspective of interrelation between form, sound and meaning, and gets rid of the shackles of form.
6、 According to the homophonic characters in Shuowen, ancient sounds are studied.The study of ancient sounds has been started since the Song Dynasty. Zheng Xiang has "Ancient Sound Identification", Wu Xi has "Yun Bu", and Chen Di in the Ming Dynasty has written "Mao Shi Ancient Sound Research" and "Qu Song Ancient Sound Meaning".Duan Yucai listed 17 parts of the sound parts as the harmonic table according to the text harmonic system of Shuowen.[4]
Influence of works
Announce
edit
The characteristics of Shuowenjiezi Notes mainly include the following four points:
1. The biographical version of Shuowen has been carefully revised.After Shuowen was published, it was written repeatedly, and there were many errors. Therefore, Duan's annotation of Shuowen extensively searched for materials, revised the text of Shuowen, explained the regulations of Xu Shu and the purpose of writing, and set an example for the book.It is a comprehensive work involving form, sound and meaning.
2. Detailed induction and thorough explanation of the meaning examples in Shuowen.In Shuowen written by Xu Shen, there were some examples, but they were not listed clearly and intensively.Scholars of Shuowen in the Qing Dynasty made great achievements in exploring the examples of Xu Shuyi, especially Duan and Wang Yun.There are many examples of developing Xu's meaning and clarifying the meaning of words in Duan Note.Examples like this can also be summarized as follows: examples of explanation: examples of reason;About or style: about voice training;There are twelve examples of "reading if".Although "semantic examples" are not all correct, some of them are very general and provide many clues to the study of the internal development of Chinese.
3. Duanzhu also has many original opinions on lexicology and semantics.The main contribution is to distinguish the meaning of words independently.He paid special attention to the distinction between the original meaning and the extended meaning, and to the discrimination between "muddy words" and "analytical words".Duan's experience is that "he should annotate Xu with classics, Zheng, and especially Xu".Therefore, in terms of word meaning annotation, it is highly scientific and accurate. When studying the meaning of words in the Pre Qin and Han Dynasties, paragraph annotation is a must read book.
4. In the theoretical construction of ancient sound research, Duan has also made contributions that cannot be ignored.Duan's explanation of ancient sound theory can be found before or after the first four tables in the Six Books Phonology Table.It involves many other important theories about the phonology of characters, such as "ancient homophones must be the same part", "ancient sounds are different from modern sounds", and so on. The main line running through these theories is Duan Yucai's understanding of the objective law of sound development.[2]
This book is the representative work of Duan's phonological exegesis, and is recognized as the authoritative work to explain Shuowen.[2]
Work evaluation
Announce
edit
ExegetistWang NianshunHe wrote a preface to Duan's Shuowen Jiezi Zhu, saying: "The sound of the exegesis is clear and the primary school is clear, and the primary school is clear and the classics are clear. There has been no such work for seventeen hundred years."[2]
About the author
Announce
edit
Duan Yucai(1735-1815), an exegetist and Confucian classics scholar in the Qing Dynasty.If the word is true, it will be called Maotang, and it will be called again in later yearsYanbei Jushi, a resident of Changtang Lake, an old man from overseas.《Shuo Wen》One of the four.He was born in Jintan, Jiangsu Province, and served as the magistrate of Yuping, Guizhou Province, Wushan, Sichuan Province, etc.Zeng ShishiDai ZhenTo study the exegesis and phonology of characters.He has written Notes on Shuowen Jiezi, Six Books with Uniform Pronunciation, and Ancient Chinese Shangshu Zhuanyi《A Biography of Mao's Poems》Jingyunlou Collection has made outstanding contributions to Chinese phonology, philology, exegesis and collation.[3]
