The method of memory is to remember orrecallLet the past staymindMethod in.For the form of retaining the learned things in the brain for a certain time and then recalling and extracting the information of memory, there is a clear purpose or task, and the method of trying to remember certain materials by virtue of the will.
The rule of memory is to remember, keep, recognize, recall and forget.
Memorizing refers to coding, organizing and storing learning materials inMemory systemMedium.Retention refers to the retention of learned things in the brain for a certain period of time to recognize, recall and rememberinformation extraction Form of.Recognition refers to being able to recognize perceived things when they reappear in front of us.Memory refers to the recollection of the perceived things when they are not in front of you.
In information processing, memory is the process of encoding, storing and extracting input information. From the perspective of information processing, the first learning and recitation of English is just a process of input coding.The ability of human memory is very amazing from a physiological point of view. It can store 10 ^ 15 bits (bytes) of information, but only 10% of each person's memory treasure house has been excavated, and there is more room for memory to play.This is because some people only pay attention to the effect of memory at that time, but ignore the bigger problem in memory - that is, the firmness of memory, which involves the law of memory forgetting often mentioned in psychology.
common method
Announce
edit
There are many ways to improve your memory in daily life. The important thing is that you should be a conscientious person to improve your memory and form a habit in any situation.We can start with the following 7 methods and improve and perfect them in combination with our own actual situation.
one
Exercise every day.Aerobic exercise is good for all parts of the body, including the brain.
two
It's delicious.Eating spinach, dark green leafy vegetables, salmon, grape juice or wine, hot cocoa, whole wheat products and brown rice, almonds and walnuts, olive oil, garlic, blueberries, eggs, milk or yogurt, walnuts, soybeans and sardines, kelp, pumpkin, green pepper, cauliflower, carrots, lean pork can improve memory.In addition, more meals and less food can also improve the function of the nervous system by reducing the blood sugar titer.
three
Reduce stress.Continuous and sudden stress can damage the brain.Relax, practice Qigong or talk with others to relieve pressure.
four
Good at observation.In many cases, the reason why I can't remember is not because of poor memory, but because I didn't look carefully.The newcomers I met the first day, but I can't remember them the next day, mostly because I didn't specifically remember them.To train observation, you can use a picture that you are not familiar with, look at it for a few seconds, then turn over and try to describe the content of the picture.Every time I do this exercise, I find a picture that I have never seen before. With more training, I can never forget.
5. Keep active.Lu Jiuyuan, a famous philosopher and educator in the Southern Song Dynasty, once said: "If the body is unlucky, it will be ill; if the spirit is unlucky, it will be stupid".The brain is like a muscle. Regular exercise can promote brain development.Learning a new language, playing a musical instrument, or playing intellectual games are all good ways to keep your brain active.
6. Keep repeating.The more you repeat, the better you remember.You can recite in mind, or write down, and find various ways to repeat what you need to remember
7. Mastering memory skills and shortcuts through professional memory training is also the key to quickly enhance memory.
The method of memorizing certain materials with a clear purpose or task and by virtue of will is called intentionalMnemonics。On the contrary, the memory method that has no clear purpose or task and does not require will effort is called unintentional memory method.Psychological research shows that the effect of intentional memory is obviously better than that of unintentional memory.In order to master scientific knowledge systematically, it is necessary to carry out intentional memory.
There was a scholar named Chen Zhengzhi in the Song Dynasty. He read books very fast. He grabbed a book and hurried on to read.He read one book after another, and spent a lot of time and energy, but the effect was very poor: the books he read were like passing clouds, and he soon forgot, leaving almost no impression.This made him very worried, wondering whether he wasmemoryNot good.
Later, one day, he met the famous scholar at that timeZhu XiHe asked Zhu Xi for advice.Zhu Xi asked him about his reading process and gave him some advice: Don't just read fast in the future. Even if you read only 50 words each time and repeat it for many times, it would be better than just rushing forward.When reading, think with your head and remember with your heart.Chen Zhengzhi then realized that the reason why he could not remember the books he had read was not because of his poor memory, but because of his unclear learning purpose and incorrect method. He regarded reading as the purpose of reading and ignored the understanding and memory of the book content.Reading in such a hurry, neither digesting the contents of the book nor consciously remembering, his memory effect is certainly not good.
Later, Chen Zhengzhi accepted Zhu Xi's advice. Every time he finished reading a paragraph of the book, he would think about what the paragraph said and several key points, and pay attention to remember the important content.Over time, he finally became a learned man.
Psychologists have done such an experiment: they asked the teacher to assign the students of the two classes to write the text from memory. They all said that they had a test the next day, and the next day they had a test, and the results of the two classes were almost the same.After the test, only class 1 was told to have another test two weeks later, but class 2 did not know.Two weeks later, a test was given, and the results of Class 1 were much better than those of Class 2 (Class 1 did not review before the test).This shows that it is not that the students in Class 1 are smarter and have better memory than those in Class 2, but that the teacher proposed a more long-term memory goal for Class 1 after the first test. As a result, the students in Class 1 remember longer.
This experiment tells us that we should form a habit in learning, strictly require ourselves, and clearly propose the goal of memory for ourselves, so that we can have a good memory effect.
How to carry out intentional memory
For intentional memory, there must be a clear task first.If the task is clear, we can mobilize the positive factors of psychological activities and go all out to realize the task of memory.The more specific and specific the task, the better the memory effect.For example, English words are hard to remember, but they must be remembered. Therefore, you can write new words on a small card, stipulate that you must remember 20 new words every day, and review and check them in time.In this way, over time, your vocabulary will increase greatly.
Secondly, intentional memory requires the participation of willpower, which is often referred to as "concentration".If you want to make up your mind to remember a piece of material, you must enter the "two ears do not listen to things outside the window"“Head cantilever”The realm of.If you repeatedly complain about what you want to remember, or carelessly, or retreat from difficulties, or memorize things while learning and playing are short-term memories, you will not achieve good results.
The method of memorizing materials based on active thinking and deep understanding is called understandingMnemonics。
The basic condition for understanding memory is the understanding of materials and the processing of thinking.Some materials, such as scientific essentials, categories, theorems, laws and regulations, historical events, literary and artistic works, are meaningful.When people memorize such materials, they generally do not memorize them word by word, but first understand their basic meaning, that is, with the help of existing knowledge and experience, analyze and synthesize them through thinking, grasp the characteristics and internal logical links of each part of the materials, and bring them into the existing knowledge structure so as to keep them in memory.Comprehension and memory's comprehensiveness, firmness, accuracy and rapid effectiveness depend on learners' understanding of the materials.
The effect of understanding memory is better thanMechanical memory。Famous German psychologistEbbinghausIn the memory experiment, I found that in order to remember 12Nonsense syllable, an average of 16.5 repetitions are required;In order to remember 36 meaningless chapters, repeat them 54 times;But the memory of 480 syllables in six poems only needs to repeat 8 times on average!This experiment tells us that the knowledge we understand can be remembered quickly, comprehensively and firmly.Otherwise, it's just rote learning, which is really thankless.
Understanding memory is based on understanding the content of materials.This kind of understanding not only refers to understanding the material, but also includes understanding the logical relationship between the various parts of the material, as well as the relationship between the material and previous knowledge and experience.
We usually say Bangkok, the capital of Thailand. In fact, it is a short name. The full name of the capital of Thailand is "the total of Taifu Mahanakun Bengdi Valodihia changed from Tamahadi Lupu to Rattanbulun Udon Palachaniwi Mahasatan", a total of 41 words.
It is not easy to memorize all these 41 words. I'm afraid it is much more difficult to memorize them than it is to memorize 41 decimal places of pi.
Let's recite these two poems. One is Li Bai's Watching Lushan Waterfall:
Sunshine incense burner produces purple smoke, and the waterfall hangs in Qianchuan from a distance.
Flying down three thousand feet, I suspect the Milky Way is falling nine days.
Another one is a famous poet of the Tang Dynastywang zhihuan"Climbing the Stork and Que Tower":
The sun beyond the mountains glows; the Yellow Riverseawards flows.
You can enjoy a grander sight by climbing to a greater height。
The total number of words in these two poems is seven more than the full name of the capital of Thailand, but you can recite them after reading them several times.The reason is that these two poems are easy to understand.
How to understand and remember
Since memory has such regular characteristics, we should always consciously use understanding memory when learning, and start active thinking when memorizing, so as to achieve good results.If we don't use understanding memory when we can use it, but use mechanical memory for meaningless repetition, we will not only get half the result with twice the effort, but also have a difference of ten times and twenty times.
When memorizing materials, as long as they are meaningful, we should put forward the requirement of "first understanding, then memorizing" to ourselves, divide the materials into large and small paragraphs and levels, and find out the logical relationship between them, rather than memorizing them word for word from the beginning.
For example, if you don't understand the meaning of ancient Chinese, it will be very difficult to recite ancient Chinese, just like reciting a book from heaven.If you understand the content words and function words in ancient Chinese and master the central meaning of the whole text, then you can memorize them on the basis of understanding. It will be more interesting, faster and more impressive.
We say understandMemory efficiencyHigh and effective. Does that mean you can remember it as long as you understand it?That's not necessarily true.For things that are understood, they often need to be repeated many times before they can be remembered.Some people think that the learning process is over when they understand a certain learning content, without consciously asking themselves to remember them and no longer deepen their impression through repetition, it is impossible to remember the learning content completely and accurately.
Associative method
What is associative memory
The method of using association to enhance memory effect is called associative memory method.Association is the psychological process of emerging the image of things related to the stimulation when the human brain is stimulated.Generally speaking, it is easy to associate things that are close to each other, opposite things and similar things.Using association to enhance memory is a very common method.Harry Lorraine, a famous American memory expert, said: "The basic rule of memory is to associate new information with known things."
Types of associative memory
Associative memory can be divided into the following three specific methods:
Two or more things, in time or space, are at the same time or close together, so as long as you think of one of them, you will recall the other, and then think of others.It is easier to remember the memory materials in a certain order.
For example, some people sometimes can't remember a very familiar foreign language word at once. They obviously study it frequently. They can even remember where the word is in the textbook, but they can't remember it at once. Then they can think of where the word is in the book, what word is in front of it, what word is followed by it, and associate it repeatedly,I can often recall this word.The relationship between this word and the words before and after is close, and this association is called spatial association.There is also a time association.For example, one person sees a very interesting explanation and explanation of a word in a dictionary and tells another person.The man was also very interested and asked him which dictionary he found it in. He would go to check the full text in person.Unfortunately, he can't remember exactly which dictionary he looked up.What shall I do?
So the man recalled looking up the dictionary at that time.First of all, I found it the night before yesterday. I remember that he was happy about it for a long time that night.Think again, oh!Yes.This word is seen in Cihai.Because I only checked Cihai the night before yesterday, other dictionaries were returned to the library the morning before yesterday.In this way, through the association of time, I can accurately recall that what I looked up was Cihai, not other dictionaries.
When one thing is similar to another, it often leads to association with another.The memory effect will be good if you combine the memory materials with the things you have experienced.
In foreign language words, there are similar sounds and similar meanings, which can use similar association to help memory.
Liaoning Heishan Beiguan Experimental School andBeijing Jingshan School In the lower grades of primary school, a centralized literacy method is tested, which can enable students to read 2500 words and read general books and newspapers within two years.This literacy method is similarAssociative memoryThe truth is that words with similar shapes and sounds can be combined into groups, such as "Yang, Chang, Chang, Tang" and "Qing, Qing, Please, Qing, Jing".The right side of each group of Chinese characters is the same, and the Chinese pinyin of each group of characters also has commonness. The former group of Chinese pinyin is followed by "ang", and the latter group of Chinese pinyin is "qing", so that you can learn quickly and remember.
Comparative association method
When you see, hear or recall something, you will often think of something opposite to it.Comparing various kinds of knowledge and grasping their characteristics can help memory.This is the contrastAssociative method。
Many poetry collections and couplets are mostly written according to the law of antithesis.For example, HangzhouYue Fei TempleThere is such a couplet, which says that "Castle Peak is lucky to bury loyal bones, and white iron casts courtiers innocently"."Yes" and "No" are opposite. It is relatively comparable to burying martyrs' loyalty and forging traitorous ministers.It is said that it is buried herenational heroYue Fei's loyalty is due to the hatred of traitorsexecrated Song capitulationistHe killed him with a plot, and cast a kneeling statue of Qin Hui and his wife with iron and put it in front of the tomb.As long as you remember the first sentence of this couplet, it is not difficult to recall the next sentence by comparison and association.When we recite metrical poems, we often feel that the middle two couplets are easy to recite, because the rule of metrical poems is that the middle two couplets fight each other.This kind of contrast is often used in antithesis, such as "Jinsha River beats the cloud cliff warm, and Dadu Bridge crosses the iron rope cold".Another example: poets of the Tang DynastyWang WeiThe middle two couplets of the poem "Emissary to the Frontier" written byZoroastrianism 。The desert is full of smoke, and the river is full of yen.There are a lot of comparisons, so the former sentence can naturally remind you of the latter sentence.
When learning a foreign language, beginners often like to use new word cards to record foreign words and their phonetic symbols, parts of speech and Chinese word meanings on the word cards, and take them out to read when they are free. This is really an effective method.However, using the association rule mentioned above can improve the memory effect of this method.
(1) Put words with similar forms together.For example: preserve, reserve, observe, and reserve are all the same root word serve. Put them together and use similar association to find out their internal relations, as well as identify and distinguish their Chinese meanings.
⑵ Put Chinese words with the same or similar meanings together.For example, get, obtain, acquire, and gain all have the meaning of "get". Put them together and useApproaching Lenovo, can draw inferences from one instance to improve memory efficiency.
⑶ Remember the antonyms together.For example, black and white, superior and inferior have opposite meanings. Put them together and use comparative association to recall the antonym of a word.
Associative memoryIn commercial advertisements, unexpected results can sometimes be achieved.For example, in 1931, there was a taxi company in Shanghai whose telephone number was "40000". In order to make passengers remember this telephone number to attract business, they took advantage of the people's high patriotic enthusiasm and vigorously promoted "40000 compatriots please call" 40000 ", which soon made it the largest taxi company in Shanghai.
Detailed skills of associative memory
Associative memory can be roughly divided into three types according to the characteristics of memory content:
1. One point memory.For example, the memory of a person's name, place name, or other forms of abstract or incomprehensible, meaningless material.
2. Two point memory.It is necessary to establish a one-to-one correspondence between two things, so that when you use it, you can see this and know that.For example, this is true between English words and Chinese words, between works and authors, between countries and capitals, between years and historical events, and between certain things and relevant data.
3. Multi point memory.There are more than two knowledge elements that need to be memorized. It is necessary to establish links between three or more things, such as memorizing 56 ethnic groups, listing Lu Xun's works, memorizing the key points of a short answer question, and so on.
In memory, in addition to association, we should also use such skills: circular memory, trying to recall, over learning, killing the donkey, limiting time, and combining understanding.In addition, we should also pay attention to determining realistic goals, and we can't expect to recite everything verbatim.
Multi-channel method
What is multi-channel memory method
To remember external information, you must first receive it, and there are more than one "channel" to receive information, including vision, hearing, kinesthetic, tactile, and so on.Memory involving multiple senses is called "multi-channel" memory.This memory method is much better than single channel memory.
There is a saying in the ancient book "Xue Ji": "Learning is not for the five senses, and the five senses have to be treated." It means that learning and memory cannot be learned well and remembered if the five senses cannot be mobilized to participate in activities.This shows that as early as 2000 years ago, ancient Chinese people had realized that reading and learning should use eyes, ears, mouth, handwriting, and brain to enhance the memory effect.
Zhu Xi, a scholar in the Song Dynasty, said that reading should have three goals: "When the heart is not here, the eyes will not look carefully. When the heart is not here, the eyes will not be single-minded, but only read in the waves. Never remember, nor remember for long. Among the three goals, the heart is the most urgent. When the heart is here, the eyes and the mouth will not be there."
Modern scientific research shows that peoplevision25% of the acquired knowledge can be remembered, 15% of the acquired knowledge can be remembered, and 65% of the acquired knowledge can be remembered if vision and hearing are combined.
A teacher once asked three groups of students to remember the contents of ten paintings in three ways: for the first group of students, he only told them what was painted on the paintings, but did not show them the paintings.That is to say, this group of students just listen, not watch.The opposite is true for the second group of students.The teacher showed them these ten pictures, but he didn't tell him what each picture drew.That is to say, this group of students just watch, not listen.Let the third group listen and see.The teacher not only told them the content of the painting, but also showed them the picture while telling them the content of each picture.After a while, the teacher asked the three groups how many pictures they remembered.Results The first group remembered the least, only 60%;The second group had a little more, and remembered 70%;The third group remembers the most, up to 86%!This shows that the students who only listen but not look remember the least, and only use two sensory organs together. The memory effect is much better than using only one of them.If all the sensory organs are mobilized together, the memory effect will be better.
How to carry out multi-channel memory
Multi-channel memoryThe method mobilizes all parts of the brain to cooperate to receive and process information.This method is effective in mastering various languages.Because no matter what language, the purpose of learning is always to read, write, listen and speak. These four abilities just involve four different channels of information input and output. Therefore, when learning Chinese, foreign languages and other courses, it is best to use multiple channelsMnemonics。
In order to grasp information, journalists often use their heads and hands to listen, speak and write in news interviews, and adopt multi-channel memory methods.In daily life, it is better to remember a long speech while listening. The so-called "handwriting is better than seeing a thousand times" aims to illustrate the importance of writing for memory.
Therefore, when mastering various languages or receiving and processing language information, the multi-channel memory method should be used. The correct method is to listen while thinking actively, take listening as the first, summarize the main points of the content of the received language information, and briefly record a few words or sentences in the gap between their language pauses.
Culling method
The method of selecting and choosing memory materials to decide what to remember and what to remember briefly is called selective memory method.
The reason why we choose memory materials is that everyone is exposed to too much information every day.Not all of this information needs to be remembered.
It is said that,Former Soviet UnionThere was a university student in Moscow University who fell down accidentally while walking on the stone steps of the library, and his brain was hit.Since then, incredible things have happened. His memory is as good as it can be, and he can never forget anything. A big newspaper like Pravda, from the first page to the eighth page, can recite every article as long as he reads it.But unfortunately, his head was so painful that his brain could not rest because he remembered too much.Therefore, memory should be selective, remembering the most important, meaningful and valuable materials.People who are good at learning and memory are often good at grasping the key points, grasping the essence and organizing materials.It is said that in ancient times, some people had excellent memory, and even could recite the article backwards.howeverZheng BanqiaoBut they look down upon such people and call them "ignorant blunts". Why are they so ignorant?It is to memorize everything, regardless of primary or secondary importance, whether useful or useless.
A senior primary school student was talking about selectionMnemonicsShi said, "There are dozens of figures of speech, but only a dozen are commonly used. After carefully studying each figure of speech, I condensed the 12 commonly used figures of speech intoJingle: 'metaphor, metonymy, analogy, exaggeration, pun, irony, rhetorical question, rhetorical question, repetition, contrast, antithesis, parallelism', and these 24 words are mainly used to form a table.In the arrangement, in addition to making it easy to read, rhyme and remember, the easily confused figures are also put together, marked with arrows, and the links, differences or characteristics are noted below in concise language. When the rhymes are memorized, the 12 main figures of speech are remembered. According to the position of the arrangement, the similarities and differences of several groups of figures of speech are thought of, and then all their characteristics are thought of.In this way, the sentences can be analyzed in a clear way, which is not easy to confuse and miss. "
homophony
A method of using harmonics to help memory.Many learning materials are difficult to remember, and it is difficult to find meaningful connections between them, such as historical years, statistics, etc.If these learning materials are homophonic with some external connection, it will be easy to store and recall.
It is said that one day, a teacher went up the mountain to drink with a monk in a temple on the top of the mountain. Before leaving, he asked his students to recite pi to 22 decimal places;.Most of the students can't recite it, so they are very distressed.One student combined the teacher's drinking in the mountain with the homonym of Pi numbers to make a doggerel: "A temple on the mountain has a pot of wine, and your music is bitter to me. Eat the wine, and the wine will kill you, and you will be happy".
When the teacher came back from drinking, everyone recited it fluently.This kind of clever student uses homophonic method to help memory.
The use of homophonic method can also help remember some historical years. Many people feel that memorizing historical years is a very painful thing, not easy to remember, but also easy to confuse.However, to learn history well, we must also remember the historical years, because without time, there is no history.As a result, many smart people use homophonic method to help remember historical years.For example, Marx was born in 1818 and died in 1883.Then you can remember, "Once you climb, you will climb the mountain." Again,Sino Japanese WarIt broke out in 1894, and it is easy to remember with its homonym: "a handful of dead".
Of course, homophonicMnemonicsIt is only suitable for helping us remember some abstract and difficult materials, and cannot be generalized to remember all materials.
Pithy formula
The method of improving memory effect by compiling memory materials into pithy formula or rhymed sentences is called pithy formulaMnemonics。This method can reduce the absolute number of memory materials, divide memory materials into blocks to remember, increase the concentration of information, and enhance the interest, which can not only reduce the burden on the brain, but also remember them firmly and avoid omission.
Psychological research shows that human memory is based on "chunks", and the amount of information in each chunk is relative.A letter can be regarded as a chunk, a word, a phrase can also be regarded as a chunk, and a sentence can also be regarded as a chunk.The information inside the blocks is not independent, but connected with each other. If you are good at dividing the memory materials into appropriate blocks, you can greatly improve the memory effect.The pithy formula memory method is a memory method that conforms to the block rule.
Most of the pithy formulas rhyme, catchy and easy to remember.For example, China'sSong of the Twenty four Solar Terms, passed down from generation to generation among the working people, and has strong vitality:
Spring rain startles the clear valley sky in spring,
For some words that are easy to mix, we use the method of exploring features to compile pithy formula, which is particularly easy to remember and distinguish.For example, the words "already", "already" and "already" are easy to mix, and can be compiled into a formula: "stop already and not stop yourself" (your own self), "half" and "read already" (already already).
The words "buy" and "sell" are easily confused by many pupils and can be usedAssociative methodFormulate a pithy formula: buy less and sell more.In daily life, people usually buy something when they are short of it. The word "buy" is exactly a "ten" less than the word "sell", so it can be remembered together.
We can also use the method of comparing before and after to make pithy formula.This is better than other aspectsAlgebraFormula: We can make a formula like this: the first square, the last square, the first and last two times in the center, and the two symbols look at the front, they are both the same.
It is also very convenient to compile pithy formula by various methods, such as comprehensive listing methodCharacteristic methodIntuitive image method can quickly compile the word "cooked" into such a pithy formula: one point at a time, the word is in the center, the sub word is to report, nine people are busy together, light a fire, and cook a pot of soup.These different methods of making pithy formula can be applied according to the situation.However, it should be noted that if the pithy formula is not easy to compile, the memory objects are not commonly used or are very simple, and it is convenient to use other methods to remember, then use other methods.Otherwise, it will take a lot of time to compile a pithy formula, and some gains will outweigh the losses.
Another is the image memory method, which refers to transforming the data to be memorized intoimage encodingBecause people have a strong memory capacity for images, scientific research shows that image memory is one million times the capacity of other memories.It can be seen that there is a large space for image memory.
Image memoryAccessiblelong-term memory , not easy to forget.The number of times of review is also small, which is obviously better than other memory methods, but it requires some coding ability such as imagination and connection, that is, converting good images to memory. The so-called good is exaggerated, vivid, or interesting.You can try more at ordinary times.
Mnemonics
Please remember that systematizing the meaning of materials is one of the secrets of memory.
Another secret of using mnemonics is;We should be good at visualizing the memory materials. The so-called visualization is to endow the abstract with artificial imagination through imagination and association to make it have vivid, distinctive and peculiar images,Abstract matterIt also becomes easy to remember.
Japanese memory psychologist Takaki Chonglang believes that all memories begin with images.The basic point of memory method is throughImage memorything.This is also one of the basic essentials of mastering memory.
How to train this key point?
One is to observe carefully when remembering specific objectsMake the image of things stay in your mind for a few seconds.Make it clear in the brain for later recall.
Second, when memorizing the words that represent specific things, the image of the thing should appear in the mindFor example, when memorizing the word "table", it is not enough to remember only two words. You should also visualize the specific table image in your mind. More specifically, you should visualize the table you use or the table image that impressed you deeply in your mind, so that your memory will be stronger.
The third is to visualize abstract concepts. Many words do not directly represent the image of things, such as truth, peace, etcabstract nounIt does not represent specific things. If we want to associate with specific images, we need to associate them. If we want to remember the word "truth", we can think of who represents truth,Chairman MaoIt is the representative of the truth of Mao Zedong Thought, which is most impressive in our minds, so it is easy to remember the truth when it is linked with the image of Chairman Mao."Peace" is often associated with pigeons. It is easy to remember the word "peace" when it is associated with the image of pigeons.
Memory methods mainly include:Digital memoryHomophonic memoryAssociative memory, image memory, pithy formula memory, etc. These methods are often used comprehensively in memory.
The following lists the application of mnemonics in life and various disciplines:
1. Experienced primary school teachers made a vivid description of the shape of 1 -- 10 and compiled it into a children's song.
2. There was a student who was always criticized for his carelessness in handling affairs. After he learned mnemonics, he thought he would never forget to handle affairs in the future.One day, his mother asked him to buy milk, chocolate, salted fish, tofu and sausage.This time, he had a brainwave and linked the things he was going to buy with people he knew: Grandma had a bad tooth and wanted to eat "tofu", Dad always ate "salted fish" when he was drinking food, Mom liked to drink milk, Sister always wanted chocolate, and a girl in class often said that she hated sausage the most.When he entered the shop, a familiar face immediately appeared in his mind.Thinking of each person's face, he knew what to buy, and no longer worried about what he would forget.
3. There used to be a school teacher who used to go up the mountain to drink with monks during class time. Before going up the mountain, he gave students homework to do, and criticized students if they could not finish their homework.One day, the teacher was going up the mountain again. Before leaving, he asked his students to memorize pi to 22 decimal places.This made the students puzzled. They could not recite it mechanically over and over again. Everyone was very worried and afraid.A clever student, thinking of the teacher drinking, used homophonic method and image method to make a paragraph. Everyone soon learned by heart. What story did he make up?First, I would like to introduce the Pi of Di. The story he made up is: a temple on the mountain, a pot of wine, and my music is bitter;Eat the wine, kill the wine, kill the devil, and be happy.
Such a story is both vivid and interestingDigital linkWe have invigorated together.This reflects the benefits of comprehensive application of various rules, and it is also the result that people are good at flexible thinking and imagination.It is amazing that some people can recite the Pi of 10000 to 20000 digits skillfully by this method, and some can recite English words.
4. English words: change.Make up a story with Chinese Pinyin Lenovo Chang e: "Chang E" "changed" her view of Bajie and agreed to marry him.(I think this strange story combined with allusions will make you never forget this word again.)
Another makes suffocation imagine a scene: a "snake" (s) entangles the "mother" and makes her "suffocate".
Candidates can only be "candidates" if they can "can" "do" (the past tense of do) and "eat" (the past tense of eat)
5. It is easy to remember Marx's birthday since May 5, 1818, but it is easy to forget it.Someone made up a story that when Marx was just born, he slapped the capitalists to cry.(Imagine the scene when Marx fought against the capitalist. You will never forget May 5, 1818.)
6. Remember the names of China's administrative regions and provinces:
Two lakes, two Cantons, two rivers and mountains (Hunan, Hubei, Guangdong, Guangxi, Henan, Hebei, Shandong, Shanxi)
Principle of memory method:Use what you have memorized to make it something in a certain order that you can recall.Then imagine and associate the things to remember with it. Because imagination and association emphasize images, letRight brainYes, and the right brain is the part of the brain with strong memory, soMnemonicsThe effect is very obvious.
Key to memory method:The key of memory method is to exaggerate, peculiar and vivid imagination.Because the brain is not easy to forget exaggerated things, but also easy to remember image things.
15 key points of memory method:
1. Be calm.Keep a calm attitude in daily life and study.More often, it is to keep your brain quiet.
2. Adjust the working and rest time of your brain so that your brain can get sufficient rest. Fatigue will reduce the working efficiency of your brain.
3. Build up confidence in your good memory and remind yourself to remember what you must remember from time to time. You must firmly believe that you can "remember"!
4. Learn and find a set of methods suitable for improving your memory, plus necessary and regular training and retraining, improve and improve.
5. Keep a strong interest in the world. Interest is the first driving force of memory.Be as interested in the remembered object as you are in your "lover".
6. Strong desire and stimulation can promote your memory.
7. It is necessary to establish memories associated with pleasant things in your work and life.
8. Keep your mind young forever, and keep the stimulation of young people can make your brain cells become sharp and young.
9. Learn one or more kinds of observation ability. Sharp observation ability can help us remember.
10. Think from the other side's standpoint, especially in memory.Remember the object on the basis of full understanding.
11. Develop your right brain and visualize the memory objects to help you remember.
Mastering the knowledge of memorizing songs or pithy formula, and compiling unrelated memory objects into songs is conducive to memory.
Learn feature memory skills, find out the characteristics of the memory object, and identify its characteristics to help memory.
14. Learn to sort and classify, and proper scattered memory (breaking up into parts) is sometimes better than centralized memory.
\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\.
Positional method
The location memory method, also known as the spatial method, which is super brainpower and efficient learning, as its name implies, is to put the things we want to remember in the place where we are familiar with everyday things, such as the body, the space in the car, the office or furniture drawers... All can be used, so that we can easily remember the information we need daily, such as new English words learned every day,Digital tags and shorter text.When using, put the data needed to be memorized in a specific location, and add dynamic, colorSense of space, exaggeration, exaggeration, anti logical imagination and strong feelings, so that it can be very easy to remember, and remember will not forget.When using the position method, we can extract the data we need at any time, whether it is straight back, backward back, or back extraction, which is as easy as a palm.
Memory masters also use position method.2006 World Brain ChampionshipWhen asked how to remember playing cards, Cook, a famous player, said that when he memorized the whole deck of cards, he often linked each card with characters, actions and objects.For example, he imagines the seven spades as the singing group "Son of Destiny", whose action is to struggle in the storm and whose object is a small boat.The Queen of Plum Blossoms imagined her as his friend Henrietta, whose action was to slap her with a handbag, and whose object was a cabinet full of clothes.Then he linked the imaginary scenes corresponding to each card into a familiar way of thinking, just like he went through the bar hall.Once he needs to recall, he only needs to take a thought walk, and each scene will be easily converted into a card face.
actuallyPosition memory methodAs early as 447 BCancient GreekThe poet Simonides used it.In a palace banquet, the roof suddenly collapsed, killing other guests. Only Simonides survived.The bodies at the scene were blurred and could not be identified.But with his excellent memory, he closed his eyes and recalled the names of everyone at the table.He just makes full use of his brain's ability to be good at image memory and spatial memory.Evolutionary psychologists provide an explanation for this: human ancestors probably often recall the place where they had a meal or the way back to the cave, so this memory is naturally formed.
When using the positional method to remember the required data, different spaces can be created according to the needs at that time.If we have more data to remember, we can create a larger space; if we have less data to remember, we can create a smaller space.After determining the location of all the data, we can take them out anytime and anywhere for review. When each unfamiliar data has been converted into the familiar data of the brain, the original location space can be recycled again.
5 data
1. Socks (2) sofa (3) roll paper (4) elephant (5) soy sauce
Now let's try to set the position with the most familiar body.To facilitate memory, we set the position from left to right and from bottom to top:
Example: From the left foot to the left waist, from the right foot to the right waist.
Imagine:
(1) A beautiful sock is tied to our left paw, but it is too tight, so the paw is pinched;
(2) Go up and put the most comfortable and colorful super sofa on the left knee, but because the sofa is too large and heavy, the knee can hardly stand up;
⑶ Then a thick roll of printed paper is wrapped around our left thigh, which can be used at any time when going to the bathroom or when needed. But because the roll is too thick, we can hardly lift our feet when walking;
⑷ In the pocket behind the left pants, there is a lovely and lively elephant. It can move freely and walk around. It always tickles the back of its buttocks;
(5) A bottle of soy sauce was hung on the left waist, but because the lid of the soy sauce bottle was not properly covered, the soy sauce spilled out and almost dirtied the clothes.
When using positional memory, every inputFive strokesThe materials need to be reviewed again quickly. After making sure that everything is in the designated position, input new materials.In this way, you will not remember the following information and forget the previous content.By analogy, no matter how long the data is, we can easily remember it in the brain.
Suitable for examination method
Announce
edit
Method 1: Focus.As long as you concentrate and concentrate on memory, eliminate distractions and external interference, the cerebral cortex will leave a deep impressionMemory traceIt is not easy to forget.If the spirit is lax and the mind is focused on two purposes, the memory efficiency will be greatly reduced.There is a big difference between concentration and nervousness in memory, that is to say, you should be comfortable and not nervous when you remember something.Because when you're nervousNorepinephrineIncreased secretion, which is the enemy of impairing mental concentration and memory.Conversely, in a loose environment, the posterior pituitary gland secretes vasopressin, which is of great benefit to enhancing memory function.
Method 2: choose the right time.
Experiments have proved that 6 to 10 p.m. and 6 to 8 a.m. are the best time for memory function.It is better to use the above time memory difficult learning materials.Of course, you should concentrate at the same time and not be disturbed or interrupted by others.Never endorse while listening to music.This is because when the brain works, only one center is allowed to be in the excited state. If there are several excited points at the same time, it will be absent-minded or distracted, which will greatly reduce the memory effect.
Method 3: adopt multiple memory methods。
Such as image memory, smooth speaking, associative memory, picture memory, etc.At the same time, read, think, see and listen together.The function of language and audio-visual organs can be used at the same time to strengthen memory and improve memory efficiency, which is much better than the effect of single silent reading.
Method 4: Review in time.
The speed of forgetting is first fast and then slow.It is an effective means to strengthen memory traces and prevent forgetting to strike while the iron is hot and review and consolidate the knowledge just learned.
Method 5: Eat more food that is good for memory, such as celery, walnuts, sesame, lean meat, etc. rich in zinc, phosphorus esters, and some unsaturated fatty acids.
The core meaning of the black and white circular memory method is to classify the vocabulary specified in the outline, find out the key points of memory, eliminate the interference of non core vocabulary, and finally achieve the goal of mastering all words by memorizing the words at different levels successively.
According to this mnemonic method, if the examinee can say all the Chinese meanings and usages of a word, the word is white to him.If you can say part of its meaning, define it as a gray word;If you can't say any of its meaning and usage, define it as a black word.
The order of memory is to memorize gray words first, and turn all gray words into white words.After the elimination of gray words, they begin to remember black words. After a period of memory, some black words may be transformed into white words, and others into gray words.In the future memory, black words continue to become gray words, gray words continue to become white words, and eventually all words become white words.This is the first level of circulation.
Another level of circulation is that when memorizing gray words and black words, the words can be grouped according to certain criteria. It is stipulated that the first group will be memorized on the first day, the second group will be memorized on the second day, the third group will be memorized on the third day, the first group will be reviewed, and the fourth group will be memorized on the fourth day. The second group will be reviewed in turn, so as to achieve the goal of reviewing while memorizing.The advantage of this kind of word memory is that learners always know their learning tasks and learning effects.For specific methods of memorizing black and white words, you can refer to our book Black and White Memory of College English Words.
Black and white cycleMnemonicsThe solution is the macro memory method of level-4 vocabulary, andRoot affix memoryThe solution is vocabularymicrocosmicMemory problems.It is characterized by making full use of the word formation rules, and achieving the goal of memorizing words in strings by mastering the common root or affix of a group of words.For example, if you know that "able" means "capable", you can know that "able", "enable", "unable", "ability", "capable", etc. are all related to ability and talent;If you know that act=to do, to drive, do, drive, it is very simple to remember act, action, actor, act, active, activity, activate, actual, exact, reactor, interaction, transaction, etc.I know that part=to separate means separation, and separation can remember a long string of words: part,park，partly，partial,partner,party,participate,participant，particle,particular，apart，apartment，department，compartment，depart，part，partion。There are many similar roots.Here we will give just a few examples. For the methods of memorizing college English roots and affixes, you can refer to our College English Vocabulary Roots and AffixesMnemonics》One book.Advance=forward;Add=to put to;Aer=air, space air, sky, space;Ag=to do, to move, to conduct;Alter=to change;Ampl=large, wide, large;Ann, enn=year;Art=skill skill;Cur (e), sur (e) -=care;Dic, dit=to speak;Form, forma=, format=shape, figure.
In addition to root words, there are many affixes (including prefixes and suffixes) in English words. These prefixes and suffixes appear very frequently in words.Remembering the prefixes and suffixes of these words, plus the help of word roots, is not a disordered thing, but a thing with many rules to follow.That is to say, master the root wordsAffix memoryAfter that, the number of words we remember is no longer 4200, but maybe 1000 or less.
The advantage of this memory method is that it can make full use of the form and meaning relationship between words to vaguely remember a large number of words. Fuzziness here means that as long as you know that a word contains a known root or affix, you can roughly know the general meaning or part of speech of the word, thus greatly improving reading comprehension.Accordingly, when doing vocabulary questions or vocabulary questions in the context of reading comprehension, you can also make correct judgments according to root and affix.
The so-called holographic memory method uses one of the effective memory principles of words“Meaning groupMemory principle "to remember words.The research of memory science has proved that if a single word is memorized, it is tired and cannot be consolidated for a long time.As long as the words are combined according to a certain meaning, the effect will be greatly improved.Holographic memory method can be applied toClassification of substancesMethods The vocabulary in the four level syllabus was divided into three categories: "material world", "human society" and "scientific thinking".The "material world" can be subdivided into“Inanimate matter”And "living matter"."Inanimate matter" can include the smallest component of matter (atom, particle) to the universe, solar, lunar; "living matter" can include the smallest unit gene (protein, gen, cell,) that constitutes life, low-level aquatic organisms (fish, shellfish) to reptiles (reptile,Insect) and then to flying animals (birds), mammals, apes (monkeys,) and people (human being).The superstructure under the concept of "human society" can include royalty,dynasty，dictator），Nobleman, landlord, government,official，administrate），Election, vote, legislation,assembly，legslative），Disturbance,uprising，revolution），Police, officer, prison, army, armed forces, war,weapon，surrender，defeat，victory），Peace. All the above are classified according to certain noun concepts. In practice, nouns, verbs and their phrases, adjectives and adverbs related to these concepts and meanings can be memorized together.
The advantage of this memory method is that learners can associate and memorize words according to certain information anytime and anywhere.For example, one can associate bicycle, truck, car, vehicle, bus, traffic (jam, light), rush hours, highway, free way, zebra lines, cement, sidewalk, underpass, fine, road, passenger, shops, fence, etc.Another example: when we go to the hospital, we can think of hospital,doctor，nurse，ward，medicine，cure，treatment，injection，illness，clinic，wait.bookMnemonicsAnother advantage ofMeaning groupamong.For example, resource can be classified into three semantic groups. It, together with substance and natural, means "material resources";Together with method and approach, it means "method";Together with with, it means "resourceful" and "resourceful".
Arithmetic
Announce
edit
That is, turn some verses that need to be remembered into simple mathematical expressions to help memory.
