Qiu Fazu (December 6, 1914 June 14, 2008),ZhejiangHangzhouPeople, famous medical experts[1-2]China Modern CommonSurgeryThe main pioneers ofHepatobiliary surgeryandorgan transplantOne of the main founders and founders of surgery[12]advancedschistosomiasisPioneers of surgical treatmentSenior academician of Chinese Academy of Sciences。It is known as the "Father of Chinese Surgery".
From the original in 1936Tongji University School of Medicine(TodayTongji Medical College ）Graduated in 1939University of MunichHe graduated from the Medical College with a doctor's degree. In 1947, he was employed as a professor of surgery in the Sino American Hospital affiliated to the Medical College of Tongji University. One year later, he became the director of surgery.Former postWuhan Medical CollegeDirector of Surgery of the Second Affiliated Hospital, Vice President of Wuhan Medical College and Director of the Institute of Organ Transplantation, President of Wuhan Medical College, Honorary President of Tongji Medical UniversityTongji Medical College Honorary Dean, etc.[11]Elected in 1993Academician of CAS。[4]At 8:46 on June 14, 2008, Qiu Fazu died at the age of 94.[13]
In the 1950s, Qiu Fazu's treatment of advanced schistosomiasis and post hepatitis cirrhosisPortal hypertensionThe surgical treatment of gastroesophageal varices was deeply studied, and the "pericardial devascularization" was established, which effectively treated the massive hemorrhage caused by esophageal and gastric varices.In the 1970s, it was the first time in China to carry outLiver transplantationResearch.In his later years, he devoted himself to biliary fluid mechanics andgallstoneResearch on the cause of formation, developed and cultivated from autologous bovine bile“Calculus Bovis cultured in vitro”。
Its knife technique is known as "Qiu's knife technique" by the medical community, and it has improved more than 20 kinds of general surgical operations.Take the lead in domestic developmentorgan transplantResearch, established the earliest organ transplantation institution in China - Tongji Medical University Institute of Organ Transplantation.[11]
On December 6, 1914 (the third year of the Republic of China), Qiu Fazu was born inThe West LakeA "scholarly family", admitted at the age of 18Tongji University School of MedicineThe preparatory class studies German.[2]
1932（Republic of China21 years), graduated from the high school affiliated to Zhejiang University, and was admitted in the same yearTongji UniversityPrep.
In 1936 (the 25th year of the Republic of China), after graduating from the medical school of Tongji University, he went to Germany to study inUniversity of MunichMedical school.
In 1939 (the 28th year of the Republic of China), he won the first prize with the best performanceGermanyDoctor of Medicine.At Munich UniversityAffiliated Hospital, Munich Municipal Hospital, Duer Municipal Hospital as a physician, deputy chief physician, and obtained the German surgical specialist certificate.
From 1939 to 1945, he served as a surgical resident, attending physician and deputy chief physician in the Affiliated Hospital of the Medical College of the University of Munich, Germany.[2]
In 1942 (the 31st year of the Republic of China), Qiu Fazu was employed by a hospital in Munich after receiving a doctor's degree from the University of Munich, Germany.
From 1945 to June 1946, he was the director of surgery of the municipal hospital in Toulouse, Germany.
In 1945 (the 34th year of the Republic of China), he was employed as the surgical director of Duer Hospital.In the same year, he and the medical students of Munich University, GermanyQiu Luoyi(Loni Konig) Get married.In 1946, their eldest son was born.In 1958, afterZhou EnlaiThe Premier signed in person and Qiu Luoyi became a Chinese citizen.
In 1946 (the 35th year of the Republic of China), he was employed as the director of surgery of Dultz Municipal Hospital in Germany.[2]
At the beginning of 1947 (the 36th year of the Republic of China), he returned to China and served as professor and director of surgery at the School of Medicine of Tongji University in Shanghai.[2]
From 1954 to 1981, he was professor of Wuhan Tongji Medical University and director of surgery of Tongji Hospital.[2]
In 1948, based on the concept of "medicine belongs to the public", the first domestic popular medical science journal was founded《Popular Medicine》, and served as editor in chief for 10 years, writing for the magazine.
In 1960, on the basis of the first gastric fundus cerclage and transection, a unique style of pericardial devascularization was created in 1972, which became a new type of devascularization surgery for the treatment of portal hypertension and esophageal variceal bleeding caused by late schistosomiasis cirrhosis, and was widely used in China.There are more than 20 new surgical methods.[5]
In 1979, Qiu Fazu led the Chinese organ transplantation delegation of the Ministry of Health to return to Germany again and made a special trip to visit his 86 year old mother-in-law with his wife who had been waiting in Germany.
In 1984, he initiated the Sino German Medical Association and served as the chairman of the Chinese side.
In 1985, he was awarded the Grand Cross by the Federal Government of Germany.In the same year, Kanazawa Medical University of Japan awarded honorary adviser.
In 1978, Qiu Fazu was rated as the national advanced worker in science and technology and participated in the first national science and technology conference.
On May 26, 2008, Academician Qiu Fazu, together with 42 experts from Tongji Hospital affiliated to Huazhong University of Science and Technology, held a consultation for 42 injured people from Wenchuan earthquake stricken areas who came to Han.
At 8:46 on June 14, 2008, Qiu Fazu died at the age of 94.[5]
Key achievements
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Scientific research achievements
Qiu Fazu
Qiu Fazu is good at abdomen and basic surgery, and has profound attainments in other branches of surgery: brain surgery, urology, orthopedics, etc. He has made great efforts in the establishment and development of various specialties in the Department of Surgery of our hospital;He is an expert in promoting abdomen and basic surgery in China.He presided over the establishment of the earliest organ transplantation institution in China, the Institute of Organ Transplantation of Tongji Medical University, and is one of the pioneers and founders of organ transplantation in China.He is also the pioneer of surgical treatment of advanced schistosomiasis in China.[5]
Qiu Fazu has always attached great importance to scientific research. He proposed and personally presided over or directed large-scale surgical scientific research projects: choledochoduodenostomy, porta hepatis anatomy and hepatectomy, liver transplantation, etc., which were carried out earlier in China.He presided over the establishment of China's first organ transplantation institution and took the lead in carrying out organ transplantation research.He created many new surgical methods called "Jupai", and improved more than 20 kinds of general surgery.[3]He is regarded as a versatile surgeon. He has created many new surgical methods called "Qiu Pai". Qiu Fazu has improved more than 20 surgical procedures.The outstanding ones are: subtotal thyroidectomy under local anesthesia, subtotal gastrectomy, surgical treatment of portal hypertension, etc.He devotes himself to the study of biliary fluid mechanics and the cause of gallstones.Under his specific leadership, "in vitro cultured bezoar" was developed and cultivated from autologous bovine bile, which has been approved as a national first class new drug and started production.[5]
In the 1950s, he initiated the surgical treatment of advanced schistosomiasis in China, opening the way for millions of patients;In the 1970s, he presided over the surgical treatment of portal hypertension. The operation time was shortened by 3 hours, and the cure rate increased to more than 80%. This achievement won the first National Science Conference Award;In the 1980s, he presided over the establishment of China's first organ transplantation institution and took the lead in carrying out organ transplantation research.So far, the liver transplantation he presided over has kept two national records of "the largest number of operations" and "the longest survival time".His improved subtotal gastrectomy, in which the blood vessels in the submucosa of the stomach were sutured and ligated before gastrointestinal anastomosis, greatly reducing the bleeding at the anastomosis after the operation;Change the old rule that the volume of stomach to be resected is more than 75% abroad. The resected part is only slightly more than 50%. After surgery, patients will not have symptoms of small stomach, and ulcers will not recur. The long-term effect is satisfactory.[4]
Academic treatise
He has published more than 200 medical papers and presided over the compilation of more than 40 medical textbooks.[5]
He has written more than 200 papers, edited General Surgical Surgery, Medical Encyclopedia (Basic Surgery Volume), and《Huang Jiasi Surgery》The fourth to sixth editions (national key publications) and textbooks for national higher medical schools《Surgery》。
Qiu Fazu, Xia Suisheng, Dai Zhiben. Operation experience of splenorenal vein anastomosisChinese Journal of Surgery，1961，9：827．
Qiu Fazu. Further DiscussionPortal hypertensionSurgical treatment of massive hemorrhage caused by esophageal and gastric varices. Chinese Journal of Surgery, 1981, 19: 193
Qiu Fazu. Rethinking the treatment of portal hypertension complicated with massive upper gastrointestinal bleeding by disconnection. Journal of Practical Surgery, 1990, 4:195
InitiateTongji Medical Sciences UniversityJointly organized the Chinese version of German Medicine with Springer, the Federal Republic of Germany, and served as the chief editor.The magazine is the first magazine jointly run by Chinese colleges and universities and foreign countries.
Served as《Chinese Journal of Surgery》Deputy Chief Editor, Chief Editor of Journal of Abdominal Surgery, Chief Editor of Journal of Tongji Medical University (English and German editions), Chief Editor of German Medicine (Chinese edition).
personnel training
Qiu Fazu was a clinical doctor, but he spent most of his energy on medical education.During his 22 years as the chairman of the editorial committee of medical textbooks in medical colleges and universities, he presided over the compilation of more than 50 medical textbooks with five-year medical textbooks as the main body.He has planned and organized the preparation of the mainstream textbooks of surgical medicine in China.[4]
Qiu Fazu was also an outstanding medical educator.He summarized a unique and rigorous teaching method of teaching students in accordance with their aptitude and appointment according to their ability. He is also good at identifying and cultivating talents.Among his students, a large number have become the backbone of Chinese medical surgery, including well-known experts in liver surgery at home and abroadWu MengchaoAcademician, Professor Qian Yunqing, one of the first amputated limb replantations[10]And up and coming surgical expertsWeiganingEtc.[6]Students:Xiao Chuanguo、Qin Guocai、Wu Mengchao、Wu Zaide、Zou Shengquan、Gong Jianping、Dai Zongqing、Chen Xiaoping、Qian Yunqing.
Award record
Honorary title
Award time
Award Name
Award results
2019-09
The most beautiful striver[7]
Award
2004-12-06
The People's Government of Hubei Province awarded Professor Qiu Fazu the honorary title of "People's Medical Expert"
Award
one thousand nine hundred and seventy-eight
Rated as National Advanced Worker in Science and Technology[5]
Award
one thousand nine hundred and forty-five
Won the title of "Surgical Expert" in Germany[2]
Award
Awards won
Award time
Award Name
award-winning work
Award results
two thousand and four
The German Association of Traditional Chinese Medicine awarded Qiu Fazu and his wife Qiu Luoyi the first "Baolong" medal[2]
Award
two thousand and three
Won the Science and Technology Progress Award of the Ho Leung Ho Lee Foundation[2]
Award
two thousand and three
Won the second prize of National Technological Invention Award[2]
Award
two thousand and one
Won the "Lifelong Award for Medical Ethics" of the China Medical Foundation[2]
Award
two thousand
Won the "Chinese Medical Science Award" of the Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences[2]
Award
one thousand nine hundred and ninety-six
Second Prize of Science and Technology Progress Award of the Ministry of Health[2]
Surgery, Fourth Edition
Award
one thousand nine hundred and ninety-four
The Second National Excellent Teaching Material Award for Medical Colleges and Universities of the Ministry of Health[2]
Surgery, Third Edition
Award
one thousand nine hundred and eighty-eight
National Excellent Teaching Material Award for Colleges and Universities of the National Education Commission[2]
Surgery, Second Edition
Award
one thousand nine hundred and eighty-five
The Grand Cross awarded by the German government[5]
Award
Social posts
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Member of the Third CPPCC National Committee and deputy to the Fourth, Fifth, Sixth and Seventh National People's Congress.[5]
Since 1957, he has been a member of the International Society of Surgery. He has successively served as the vice chairman of the National Society of Surgery, the chairman of the Hubei Society of Surgery of the Chinese Medical Association, the deputy chief editor of the Chinese Journal of Surgery, and the chief editor of the Chinese Journal of Organ Transplantation. He is also one of the founders of the well-known popular science magazine Dazhong Medicine.[5]
After 1978, he served as vice president of Wuhan Medical College and director of the Institute of Organ Transplantation. In 1981, he served as president of Wuhan Medical College, and in 1984, he served as honorary president of Tongji Medical University.[5]
From 1978 to 1984, he served as vice president and president of Wuhan Medical College.
From 1985 to 2000, he was honorary president of Tongji Medical University.
In 1984, he initiated the organization of the Sino German Medical Association and served as the chairman of the Chinese side.[5]
Huang Jiasi's Surgery is a book published by the People's Health Publishing House on October 1, 2008. The book highlights the characteristics of attaching equal importance to basic surgical theory and clinical practice knowledge.In order to adapt to the new situation of the rapid development of medical science and the actual situation of our country, on the basis of the 6th edition of Huang Jiasi Surgery, we have deleted, updated, and focused on reflecting the new progress of science at home and abroad. In addition to introducing new theoretical knowledge, diagnostic techniques, and treatment measures in each chapter
Character influence
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In 2004, the "Qiu Fazu Youth Fund for Surgical Medicine" was founded.
The General Surgery Medical Youth Fund of Qiu Fazu was established by the medical magnate Academician Qiu Fazu, who donated all kinds of bonuses he has won over the years, mainly to reward young surgeons under 45 years old (including 45 years old) who have made outstanding achievements in the field of general surgery.Since its establishment in 2005, the fund has annually selected and awarded one to two outstanding young surgical talents in China.
Character evaluation
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To commemorate Academician Qiu Fazu, we must learn from his firm belief of loyalty to the Party, serving the country and loving the people;Learn his innovative spirit of pursuing excellence and climbing the peak bravely;Learn from his great family style of medical ethics and responsibility for the people;Learn from his lofty character of being willing to be a human ladder and selfless dedication.（Ding Lieyunreview）[8]
Distinguished academician Qiu Fazu, it's my honor to meet you. Although you have left, we will always miss you.（Liu YunyiAcademician Comments）[8]
Academician Qiu Fazu, in his legendary life of nearly a century, practiced medicine to help the world, learned to be equal, and filled the sky with peaches and plums, leaving us a great river, a mountain and a road to train good doctors to become good doctors.（President of Huazhong University of Science and TechnologyLi BaconAcademician Comments）[6]
Qiu Lao's surgical operation and style have a great impact on domestic general surgery, and are recognized as a valuable knife in the Chinese surgical field.He operates steadily, accurately, quickly and carefully, and has a unique 'unique skill' in many difficult and complicated operations.He is known as an all rounder in surgery and has profound knowledge in abdominal surgery, neurosurgery, urology, orthopaedics and other fields.The accuracy of the operation is known as' if you want to cut two pieces of paper, the third one below must be intact '.（Old Dean and Surgical Expert of Tongji Medical CollegeWu Zaidereview）[4]
Great doctor, great master, great love!He is not arrogant or reserved, plain and natural, and has interpreted the meaning of love with his life.His scientific attitude, technical characteristics, moral sentiment and personality style have influenced several generations.（Xinhuareview）[4]
Professor, former chairman of German Society of Traditional Chinese MedicineDr. Wolfgang H ö pker, Professor Hans G. Beger, Director of General Surgery, Ulm University, Germany, and Professor, representative of the Technical University of Munich, GermanyDr. Paul Gerhardt and many other overseas friends expressed their nostalgia for Qiu Fazu, saying that he was the object of worship of German surgeons.[8]
At 9:00 a.m. on November 15, 2014, the symposium commemorating the 100th anniversary of the birth of Academician Qiu Fazu was held attongji medical college Held.[8]
