He was born in the Yuan family in Runan, with a handsome face, and was accepted by his fatherYuan ShaoThe preference of.Inherit the official rank of Yuan Shao and invite the elder brotherYuan TanTheir resentment and fraternity have all beenCao CaoDefeated, takeYuan XiEscape to Liaoxi and go to the leader of Wu PillSlaughter。
In the 12th year of Jian'an (207), after calming down Wu Pill, Cao Cao defected to Liaodong PrefectureGongsun Kang。Executed, the head is sent to Cao Cao.
Jian'anGengxu, May 7 (June 28, 202)[22]），Yuan ShaoHe died of grief and indignation.Yuan Shao wanted to be the successor of Yuan Shang because of his beautiful appearance and the love of his stepwife Liu, but he did not formally express his position.Everyone wants to establish his eldest sonYuan TanIs heir, butMeet discipline、AppropriationYuan Tan has always been disgusted by pride and luxury,Xin Ping、Guo TuBoth of them are close to Yuan Tan, but have conflicts with matching and discipline.Fearing that the succession of Yuan Tan would be harmed by Xin Ping and others, the judges forged Yuan Shao's will and supported Yuan Shang as the heir.[1][32]
Battle with Cao Cao
Yuan Tan could not succeed to the throne, so he claimedtitle of a commanding general, garrisonLiyang。Yuan did not give more troops to Yuan Tan and sent Feng Ji to follow him. However, Feng Ji was killed later because he refused Yuan Tan's request for more troops due to his trial.[2]
September of the seventh year of construction and installation (2020),Cao CaoAttack Yuan Tan.Yuan Tan asked Yuan Shang for help.Yuan Shang was afraid that Yuan Tan would not return the soldiers after he got them, so he stayed to guard Yecheng and led the soldiers to rescue him.[4][12]
At the same time, Yuan Shang sent Hedong Prefecture ChiefGuo Yuan, Governor of BingzhouHigh calibre, South Hun Shan YuLuantihu Kitchen SpringAttacking Hedong together, and working with the generals in GuanzhongMarten And so on.Cao Cao SectZhong YouConfrontation, Zhong You SchoolZhang JiPersuade Ma Teng to support.Ma Teng was persuaded and sentma chao、Pound Rescue Zhong You.Zhong You attacked Guo Yuan when he was crossing the river and broke Guo Yuan.Pound beheaded Guo Yuan.Nan Danyu surrendered after seeing Guo Yuan killed.[13][31]
Yuan Tan and Yuan Shang fought with Cao Cao in Liyang. After many defeats, they had to stick to the city of Liyang.[12]
In March of the eighth year of Jian'an (203), Cao Cao attacked the outer city. Yuan Shang and Yuan Tan went out of the city to fight and were defeated by Cao Cao. They returned to Yecheng overnight.[12]
Cao Cao pursued Ye, harvested wheat fields, and led his army to attack Yecheng.(See the Biography of Zhang Liao for Cao Cao's attack on Yecheng.)[14]）On the other hand, Yuan Shang led his troops to counter attack and defeat Cao Cao's army.[15]After Cao Cao failed in attacking Ye, he compliedGuo JiaThe plan is to withdraw Xu County, prepare for the southern expedition, and let Yuan Shang and Yuan Tan kill each other;Order againZhang LiaoAndLejinBreak through Yin'an County and move the local people to Henan.[4][12][14-16]
Brothers fight
Yuan Tan said to Yuan Shang, "Our armor is not good, so we were defeated by Cao Cao last time. Now Cao Cao is retreating, and everyone wants to go home. Taking advantage of the fact that they have not met the river, they will attack by surprise, so we can defeat Cao's army completely. This strategy cannot be lost." Yuan Shang did not agree because of doubt, neither increasing Yuan Tan's troops nor changing his armor.Yuan Tan was so angry that Guo Tu and Xin Ping took this opportunity to say to Yuan Tan: "What the general's father wanted to adopt the general to his brother as a descendant was all used to frame you." Yuan Tan felt justified, so he led his troops to attack Yuan Shang. The two sides fought at the gate of the outer city. Yuan Tan was defeated, so he led his troops back to Nanpi.Wang XiuLead soldiers to rescue Yuan Tan and persuade brothers to be harmonious;Jingzhou Animal Husbandryliu biaoHe also wrote to Yuan Shang and Yuan Tan to persuade them to work together to manage the area they now own, but neither of them was willing to compromise.Yuan Shang and later attacked on a large scale. Yuan Tan was defeated and returned to the plain.[3]
Yuan Shang stationed his troops in Guantao. Yuan Tan took the initiative to attack and defeat Yuan Shang. Yuan Shang stuck by the danger.Yuan Tan chases after him. Yuan Shang sets up a strange ambush on the way to defeat Yuan Tan's army. The dead body cannot defeat him. Yuan Tan escapes back to the plain.[17]
The situation collapsed
Yuan Shangjin besieged the city, and Yuan Tanyu dispatchedSimpiAsk Cao Cao for help.However, after seeing Cao Cao, Xin Pi suggested that Cao Cao should take this opportunity to annex Hebei. Cao Cao sent a large army to attack Yuan Shang, and Yuan Shangli returned to Ye immediately.Lv Xiang、Lv KuangRebellion and submission to Cao Cao.[4]
In the ninth year of Jian'an (204), Yuan Shang attacked the plain againSu You, Judge Shouye, Cao Cao attacked Ye, Su You wanted to rebel, and fled after failure.Cao Cao BreaksYin Kai、Ju Hu，Han Fan、Liang QiWhen they surrendered, they were rewarded, and Zhangshui was used to irrigate the city. From May to August, more than half of the people in the city died of hunger.Yuan Shang learned that Yecheng was in danger and led more than 10000 people back to save Yecheng. He came from the western mountains and orderedLi FuEnter the city and notify the matching of joint attack.Yuan Shangjun arrived at Yangping Pavilion in the east, 17 miles away from Yecheng, camped near Fushui, raised a fire to show that Yecheng was in the middle of the city, and the city also raised a fire accordingly, and sent troops to the north of the city, intending to fight with Yuan Shang.Cao Cao counterattacked and defeated Yuan Shang. He fled to the bend of Zhangshui River and set up a camp. Cao Cao encircled it again, but it was not encircled yet. Yuan Shang was afraid and sentYin Kui、Chen LinCao Cao refused to surrender.Yuan Shang had to run back to Lankou. Cao Cao again marched in and soon surrounded Yuan Shang.Yuan Shang's Ministermayen When they surrendered, the troops were completely in disorder, and Yuan Shang fled to Zhongshan.Cao Cao received Yuan Shang's baggage, and obtained Yuan Shang's ribbons, amulets, axes, cymbals, and clothes. He showed them to the people in the city. The defenders in the city collapsed in frustration.Soon, we will match the nephew generalReviewing honorLead the soldiers into the city, and their matches will be cut.[5][18][21]
Yuan Shang fled to Zhongshan after his defeatLeading moveHe went to persuade the governor of Bingzhou, Gao Gan, to meet Yuan Shang, but was rejected by the senior cadres, who had no choice but to surrender to Cao Cao.[23]When Cao Cao besieged Yecheng, Yuan Tan backed Cao and seized Ganling, Anping, Bohai and Hejian, then attacked Yuan Shang in Zhongshan.Yuan Shang was defeated and ran to Gu'anYuan Xi。[5][19]
Tossing and falling
Yuan Xi's subordinates in the 10th year of Jian'an (205)Focal touch、Zhang NanBetrayed and attacked Yuan Xi and Yuan Shang, and Yuan Xi and Yuan Shang fledWu Huan, Sanjun。[20]At the beginning, Wu Huan of the three counties invaded Youzhou when the world was in turmoil, and he won a little more than 100000 Han people.Later, Yuan Shao struck up a good relationship with them, made their chieftain leader Shan Yu, and took the daughter of the clan people as his own daughter and married them as his wife.Among them, Shan Yu in western LiaoningSlaughterYuan Shaohou treated Yuan Shaohou because of his powerful power, so Yuan Shang brothers went to him to seize Jizhou by his power.[25][33]
The 12th year of construction and installation (207),Tian ChouHelp Cao Cao collect for the guideLiuchengAfter Wu Huan learned about it, Yuan Xi, Yuan Shang, Liao Xi and Liao Xi Shan YuBuilding shift、YoubeipingOnly onBe able to resistLed tens of thousands of cavalry to fight against the enemy.General Cao CaoZhang LiaostayBattle of White Wolf MountainMore than 200000 Hu and Han surrenders were slaughtered, including those under the famous kings.[24]The defeated Yuan Shang and Yuan Xi defected to LiaodongGongsun KangAt that time, Yuan Shang still had thousands of cavalry.Yuan Shang was followed by Lou BanUyenAnd Shan Yu in LiaodongSu Puyan。Cao Cao's subordinates advised him to levy on Gongsun Kang, and Yuan Shang's brother could be captured. Cao Cao said, "I just asked Gongsun Kang to cut down the heads of Yuan Shang and Yuan Xi and send them here. There is no need to use the army."[7][26-28]
After Yuan Shang fled to Liaodong, he intended to seize Gongsun Kang's followers, so he discussed with Yuan Xi and said: "Now when we come to Liaodong, Gongsun Kang will certainly see me. I killed him for my brother and occupied Liaodong, which can also be used to expand ourselves." Gongsun Kang also thought: "If we don't take Yuan Xi and Yuan Shang, we can't please the court."In advance, we arranged strong and brave soldiers in the stables to wrap noodles, and then came out to invite Yuan Shang and Yuan Xi.Yuan Xi was suspicious and didn't want to go in. Yuan Shang forced him to go in, and Yuan Xi went in with him.Before he could sit down, Gongsun Kang made an ambush catch them and let them sit on the frozen ground.Yuan Shang said to Gongsun Kang, "I can't stand the cold when I'm not dead. Can I take a seat for us?" Yuan Xi said, "My head is going to travel ten thousand miles. What's the use of the mat?" (I said this was what Gongsun Kang said) So Gongsun Kang cut off their heads and gave them to Cao Cao.[6][29]Su Buyan, Lou Ban and Wu Yan who followed Yuan Shang to Liaodong were beheaded by Gongsun Kang and sent to Cao Cao.[27-28]
After Cao Cao got Yuan Shang's head, he ordered that "those who dare to cry in the three armies should be killed".Tian Chou went to mourn for Yuan Shang because he had been appointed by him.[30]
Character evaluation
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Liu Biao said, "You are generous and generous, but you have more than enough."[8]
"Dianlue": "People are brave."[8]
Mao Zonggang: "The Yuan family is different from Shao and Shu, and Tan and Shang Fu are different from each other. It's a pity that they contradict each other to benefit the enemy!";If Tan can't be a Taibo, it's not acceptable.Tan can take it if he is able to become a Shuqi;If he is still unable to be Shuqi, then Tan should not fight for it.Therefore, those who help their younger brothers to attack their elder brothers by matching them are not;Guo Tuzhi helped his brother to attack his younger brother;But the words of Wang Xiu are about gold and jade. "[9]
Zhong Jingbo: "The Yuan brothers also had a trick. After all, they died at the hands of Gongsun. Gongsun's trick is even more tricky."[10]
Yuan Shang's deeds can be seen in the biography of Yuan Shao in the Annals of the Three Kingdoms and the History of the Later Han Dynasty.
Records of the Three Kingdoms Volume VI Wei Shu VI Dong Er Yuan Liu Chuan VI[8]
The Book of the Later Han Dynasty, Volume 74, Part 64, Biography of Yuan Shao and Liu Biao, Part 64[11]
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In the novel Romance of the Three Kingdoms, Yuan Shang's life is roughly the same as the official history, adding that Yuan Shang shot Cao Ying's senior general in the battle of CangtingShi HuanAs well as the battle between Li Yang and Zhang Liao.[9]
