hemoglobin

[xuè hóng dàn bái]

Special proteins for oxygen transport in red blood cells

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This entry is made by Compilation and application of scientific encyclopedia entries of "Science Popularization China" authentication.

Hemoglobin is abbreviated as HGB or Hb. hemoglobin yes red blood cell Special features of internal oxygen transport protein , is the protein that makes the blood red Globin and hemoglobin The globin part is composed of two different pairs of globin chains (α chain and β chain) Tetramer 。 Now more unified International unit It is based on the number of grams of hemoglobin in the blood per liter (1000 ml). The use value of hemoglobin is similar to that of red blood cells. The increase and decrease of hemoglobin can refer to the increase and decrease of red blood cells clinical significance.

Chinese name

hemoglobin

Foreign name

Hemoglobin (USA), Haemoglobin (UK)

Related diseases

Polycythemia vera, anemia, leukemia

Specialty classification

blood specialty

Inspection classification

Clinical laboratory examination

major function

Transporting oxygen

atlas

Science popularization in China

Committed to authoritative science communication

The certification expert of this term is

Yang Tiesheng | Chief physician

Laboratory Department of Peking University People's Hospital to examine

catalog

essential information

Chinese name: hemoglobin
Foreign name: Hemoglobin (USA), Haemoglobin (UK)
Related diseases: Polycythemia vera, anemia, leukemia

Specialty classification: blood specialty
Inspection classification: Clinical laboratory examination
major function: Transporting oxygen

molecular structure

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Hemoglobin molecule^[1]

Example^[1]

Clinical significance

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Physiology of hemoglobin variation And pathological variation are basically the same as red blood cells. But in various anemia The decrease of red blood cells and hemoglobin may not be in parallel.

1. Physiological increase

Newborns, plateau residents, etc.

2. Pathological increase

Polycythemia vera Dehydration caused by various reasons Congenital heart disease 、 pulmonary heart disease Etc.

3. Decrease

Various anemia (such as Aplastic anemia 、 iron-deficiency anemia 、 Sideroblastic anemia 、 Megaloblastic anemia 、 Hemolytic anemia 、 Thalassemia Etc.), massive blood loss (such as traumatic massive hemorrhage, surgical massive hemorrhage, postpartum massive hemorrhage, acute Gastrointestinal bleeding , chronic blood loss caused by ulcer, etc.) leukemia , postpartum, chemotherapy Hookworm disease Etc.