Thrombocytopenia

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platelet Reduction refers to the platelet count in blood<100 × 109/L. Thrombocytopenia is found in many blood diseases Rheumatic immune disease , radiation and chemotherapy injury and drugs relevance Thrombocytopenia. According to the degree of thrombocytopenia, there may be different clinical manifestations: mild cases may have Skin bleeding spot 、 Ecchymosis , gingival bleeding Epistaxis , severe cases may be manifested as organ bleeding: such as haematemesis 、 Black stool 、 hematuria and cerebral hemorrhage Etc.

TCM disease name: Thrombocytopenia
Foreign name: thrombocytopenia
Visiting department: blood specialty

Common causes: Blood system diseases, drug factors, autoimmune diseases, etc
common symptom: Mild cases may have skin bleeding spots, ecchymosis, gingival bleeding, epistaxis, etc

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pathogeny

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one Thrombopoiesis reduce

(1) Heredity For example, Fanconi anemia, congenital malformation Megakaryocyte Thrombocytopenia And May Hegglin anomaly.

(2) Acquirability Aplastic anemia, bone marrow infiltration（ Malignant tumor Bone marrow metastasis leukemia 、 Myelofibrosis 、 Tuberculosis ）， Chemotherapy drugs , radiation, megakaryocyte regeneration disorder, viral infection （ measles 、 Epidemic parotitis ）Drugs (such as alcohol) that affect platelet production, vitamin B twelve , folic acid deficiency.

2. Caused by non immune factors platelet Increased damage

Thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura , Pregnancy, Infection, Hemangioma -Thrombocytopenia syndrome, Snakebite ， Acute respiratory distress syndrome , severe burns, etc.

3. Increased platelet destruction caused by immune factors

Immune thrombocytopenic purpura ， HIV infection , periodic thrombocytopenia, drug induced thrombocytopenia（ heparin 、 quinine 、 Quinidine 、 Antipyretic analgesics 、 penicillin 、 Cephalosporins 、 Li Fuping 、 Furosemide 、 carbamazepine 、 Sodium valproate 、 Sulfonylurea Hypoglycemic drugs and Phenytoin sodium ), thrombocytopenia after blood transfusion.

4. Abnormal platelet distribution

Hypersplenism . Cool down.

5. Platelet loss

Bleeding, external perfusion Hemodialysis 。

6. Others

Pseudothrombocytopenia.

clinical manifestation

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1. Skin bleeding

Bleeding spot 、 Purpura , Stain.

two Gingival bleeding

Gingival bleeding is common in normal people and dental diseases. Therefore, repeated gum bleeding or difficulty in hemostasis after bleeding often indicates thrombocytopenia Hemorrhagic disease 。

three Oral mucosa Blood blister 。

4. Epistaxis

Normal people can also have epistaxis occasionally, but epistaxis combined with other bleeding symptoms often indicates hemorrhagic disease.

5. Joint bleeding, muscle and deep tissue hematoma

Simple thrombocytopenia causes joint Muscle hemorrhage Rare.

six Gastrointestinal bleeding

It can be manifested as hematemesis, bloody stool, black stool, etc.

seven Urinary tract hemorrhage

It can be expressed as Microscopic hematuria or Gross hematuria 。

eight Menorrhagia 。

nine Retinal hemorrhage 。

ten central nervous system hemorrhage