Sinus Iridum isMoon Seaone of.Its name comes fromLatin, which means "Bay of Rainbow".The northwest of Yuhai Lake, Hongwan Bay and mountains form its boundary.Yuehai Ridge crosses Hongwan Bay.The Hongwan area is about 43 degrees north latitude and 31 degrees west longitude of the moon;It is about 100 kilometers from north to south and 300 kilometers from east to west.
HongwanLocated in the northwest of YuhaiHongwanyesMoonOne of the mostbeautifulOflandmark, it is actually adiameter260 km giantMeteoriteThe southeast of the pit wall is submerged under lava.After the formation of the Yuhai Meteorite Impact Basin, a meteorite hit the area, forming a huge crater. Later, lava poured out in the Yuhai Meteorite Impact Basin, flooding most of the area of the Hongwan Meteorite Crater, but leaving a magnificent curved crater wall.
Careful observation of the two ends of the Hongwan Bay shows that the crater wall does not fall into the rain sea gradually, so there must be a reason that the southeast of the entire crater suddenly subsided and was submerged by later lava.One possibility is that there is a fault on the surface of this huge meteorite crater. When the rain sea lava rises, heavy lava presses on the fault, causing the southeast of the crater to collapse and submerge under the lava, forming the current terrain.
The dark part of the lunar surface seen by human beings on the earth with the naked eye is actually a vast plain on the lunar surface.When early astronomers observed the moon, they thought that the dark areas were covered by sea water, so they called them "sea". This wrong name has been retained until now.
There are 22 confirmed lunar seas, most of which are located in the front of the moon, which always faces the earth.The "bay" is the part of the moon sea extending to the land, which is distributed in the front.There are five bays on the moon, namely Luwan, Shuwan, Zhongyang Bay, Hongwan and Meiyue Bay.
geographical position
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Hongwan is shown by the arrow at the upper left corner (enlarged)
Hongwan isChang'e-2The shooting accuracy of key shooting areas is 1~1.5m, which isChang'e-3Pre select the landing area to prepare for the smooth landing of Chang'e-3.
Rainbow Bay, also known as "Rainbow Bay".When we look up at the night sky, we can see that there is a large dark area on the moon, that is, the moon sea.The moon sea is not a real sea, but a plain composed of rocks similar to the earth's basalt. The part of the moon sea stretching to the moon land is called the moon bay and the moon marsh. The rainbow bay is one of the moon bays.
According to the chief designer of the lunar exploration projectWu WeirenAccording to the introduction, Hongwan is located at about 43 degrees north latitude and 31 degrees west longitude of the moon. It is about 100 kilometers long from north to south and 300 kilometers long from east to west."We have selected four or five pre selected landing areas, the first one is Hongwan, because the geological structure of this area is complex, typical, and has high scientific exploration value, which is based on scientific considerations." Wu Weiren said.
There are several requirements for the selection of landing area: first, safety must be ensured, so the landform there must be considered.Hongwan is a large flat land, which is easy to land;Second, consider energy supply;Third, the communication should be unblocked, and we can't find a place, so we can't connect with our country.In addition, choose a place that others have never been to.Wu Weiren said:“Chang'e-2 satelliteIf the high-resolution images of the Hongwan area can be successfully transmitted back, this mission will be a complete success. "
Local image
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Danielle impact crater (imaging time: October 23)
Danielle impact pit
Local image map of Hongwan (imaging time: October 28)
Local image of Hongwan
Typical polar crater (imaging time is October 25)
Typical annular pit in polar region
Three dimensional landscape map of Laplas-A (data acquisition time: October 28)
Three dimensional landscape map of Laplas-A
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landing
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As the pilot star of the second phase of the lunar exploration project, Chang'e-2 has an important mission to carry out high-resolution imaging of Hongwan in the future Chang'e-3 landing area.The Hongwan area is a pre selected landing area for China's Chang'e-3. According to the second phase of the lunar exploration project, Chang'e-2 satellite will carry out imaging tests in this area with a resolution better than 1.5 meters to explore the way for Chang'e-3.
Why did you choose here as the pre selected landing area for Chang'e-3?
According to the chief designer of the lunar exploration projectWu WeirenIntroduction: "We have selected four or five pre selected landing areas, and the first choice is Hongwan. Because the geological structure of this area is complex, typical, and has high scientific exploration value, this is for scientific consideration."
Senior consultant of lunar exploration projectOuyang ZiyuanSaid that there are several requirements for the selection of landing area: first, safety must be ensured, so the landform there must be considered.Hongwan is a large flat land, which is easy to land.Second, consider energy supply.Third, the communication should be unblocked, and we can't find a place, so we can't connect with our country.
Ouyang ZiyuanHe said that for manned lunar landing, the designed landing sites around the world are basically concentrated in the south pole of the moon, because there are several special advantages: first, more than 96% of the places there have light, which can ensure energy supply.Second, due to the light, the temperature will not change abruptly, and will basically remain at about minus 60 degrees Celsius.However, the Antarctic region is a mountainous region, which is more dangerous.
"Some places on the moon have been visited by other countries, so we should choose a place that has not been explored by other countries."Wu Weiren"If Chang'e-2 satellite can successfully transmit high-resolution images of the Hongwan area, it will mark the success of this mission," he said
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Hongwan
"Hongwan", a dreamy name, has attracted worldwide attention due to China's lunar exploration project.On November 8, 2010, the State Administration of Science, Technology and Industry for National Defense released some "close-up" shots of the Hongwan area taken by Chang'e-2 at "close range".Under the camera, the desolate beauty of Hongwan has aroused people's curiosity about this strange world.
Chang'e Landing on the Moon
On December 2, 2013, Chang'e-3 achieved the first soft landing on the moon, and the "Chang'e" with the "Jade Rabbit" in the arms of the lunar patrol has successfully entered the orbit around the moon. Its intended destination - Yuhaihong Bay on the moon is far away.Compared with the first batch of nearly "blind landing" lunar landers in the Soviet Union and the United States, Chang'e-3 is clearly well prepared: Chang'e-1, Chang'e-2 and many lunar orbiters in recent years are all in favor of Hongwan, and the information they have obtained marks many valuable exploration directions for Chang'e-3.[2]
