synonymSunflower mound(Ancient place name in the east of Lankao County, Henan Province) generally refers to Kaocheng (an ancient county in China that has been cancelled)
Kaocheng County, an ancient place name,Spring autumn genusDai Guo[221] ，曰Gucheng County, Qin homeGu CountyAt the end of the Qin Dynasty, it was calledStere county。In the first year of the founding of the People's Republic of China (AD 9), it was changed tograins of all sortsCounty, in the early years of Emperor Guangwu of the Eastern Han Dynasty, was renamed as steroid county.In the eighth year of the Eastern Han Dynasty (83 years),Emperor Zhang of the Han DynastyVisiting Chenliu in the east, we changed the county of sterol into the county of kaocheng,Stationary treatment centerSunflower mound(TodayLankao CountyDomesticMinquan CountyLin Qixiang, a talkDongming CountyWuhegang Village）[41][102][125]。[11]The Northern Wei Dynasty was changed to Kaoyang County, the prefecture of Beiliang.It was renamed Daiyi County in the first year of Liang Kaiping (907) of the Five Dynasties.In the Song Dynasty,HuanglinggangIt belongs to Kaocheng County.[35][214]In 1232, seckaocheng countyTonganbaoSetYifeng County。[147]In 1784, due to the flood, seven townships such as Yuyang in Yifeng County were included in Kaocheng, and the south bank of the Yellow River was included in KaochengSuizhou(Sui County)[233]。[183]
In 1928, three districts in the south of the city, three districts in the north of Sui County and five districts in the north of Qi County were set upMinquan County。[204]
According to 1941 edition《Kaocheng County Annals》, near the old place of KaochengYellow River, suffered from floods for many times in historyMoved to the city many times.[1][209]Eastern Han Dynasty, the seat of Kaocheng CountyMinquan CountyLinqi Township。[1][96]Beiqi, Kaocheng County was changed toCheng'an County, Cheng'an County in today's LankaoGuyang TownOne Belt.[44]In the 18th year of Emperor Kaihuang of the Sui Dynasty (598), it was renamed Kaocheng County and moved to the southwest of Minquan County.[70]In the fourth year of Jin Xingding's move to Heqiu (Minquan CountyWangqiao Town）；Qianjiang Tomb Store (Minquan County) in the 23rd year of Hongwu in the Ming DynastyChengzhuang Town）；Relocation to Minquan County in the second year of Zhengtong in the Ming DynastyBeiguan Town；In March of the 48th year of the reign of Emperor Qianlong of the Qing Dynasty, Lei Xun, the county magistrate of the city, built a new town inYuyang Town。[46]In 1936, he worked withLanfeng CountyConsolidation,Change to Dongren County (proposed to set up a small Song Ji)[55], which was restored in the same year.In October 1938, the Special Committee of the Communist Party of China for Su, Lu and YuCaoxianZhuangzhai TownGuo Xiaohu[129]The Kaucheng Anti Japanese County Government was established and revoked in March 1939.[126]1944DongmingThe south is under the jurisdiction of Kaocheng.[145]In 1949, Kaocheng County was governed byGuyang TownMove toZhangjunmu Town(Kaocheng)[90]。
Kaocheng County, the old name of the county.The Spring and Autumn Period belongs to Dai Di, which is called Valley CityGu CountyAt the end of the Qin Dynasty, it was called as a "disaster" county due to its numerous disasters.In the first year of the founding of the People's Republic of China (9 years)grains of all sortsCounty, renamed in the early years of Emperor Guangwu of the Eastern Han DynastyStere county。In the eighth year of the Eastern Han Dynasty (83 years),Emperor Zhang of the Han DynastyVisiting Chenliu in the east, the county was changed toKaocheng County, fixed treatment centerSunflower mound(Linqi Township, Minquan County today, and Dongming County todayWuhegang Village，Sunflower moundThe address ofHezeOfPeony District、Dongming、JuanchengSome said it was from HenanLankao、civil rights）[104][109]。Since then, Kaocheng has changed its name twice to Kaoyang in the Northern Wei Dynasty and to Kaoyang in the Later Liang Dynasty, but it was renamed again: three times to strike the county (at the beginning of the Yuan Dynasty, the end of the Yuan Dynasty, and the beginning of the Ming Dynasty), but it was soon reset.In the Yuan Dynasty, the flood was only managed in Heqiu (today's Minquan County, Wang Duo).In the 23rd year of Hongwu in the Ming Dynasty (1390), Jinjiang Tomb Store (now Litang Township, Minquan County) was moved to Minquan Beiguan in the second year of Zhengtong in the Ming Dynasty (1437).An Analysis of the Forty third Year of Qianlong in the Qing Dynasty (1778)Instrument sealIt is located in Kaocheng and moved to its administrative office in Kuiyang.
After 1949, the county people's government stationedTomb of Zhang Jun (todayKaocheng）[85]。The county is located in some areas of today's Minquan County (Linqi Township, Chengzhuang Town, Wangqiao Town, Beiguan Town, Chumiao TownshipZhuangzi TownEtc.) andTomb of Zhang Jun in Lankao County(Kaocheng)[88], Xieyang, Nanzhang, Xiaosong, Xuhe, Yanlou, Mengzhai, Hongmiao and other towns[56]。In 1954, Kaucheng County andLanfeng CountyIt has been merged and called Lankao County till now.In May 1956, 10 townships originally belonging to Lankao County, including Beiguan, Shunhe, Chengzhuang, Chumiao, Yanji and Renzhuang (now the northern half of Chengzhuang Town, most of Beiguan Town and all of Chumiao Township)Laoyan Market TownThe northern half) is under the jurisdiction of Minquan County.[58]
Kaocheng Ancient City.It is now Grass Yang Village, 20 kilometers northeast of Lankao County, commonly known as Laokao City.The 43rd year of Qianlong's reign in the Qing Dynasty (1778)Kaocheng CountyThe administrative office was moved from the old city (today's Minquan Beiguan) here. In the 49th year of Qianlong's reign in the Qing Dynasty (1784), a new city was built, named Kaocheng.The city wall is three miles long around and ten feet high, with four gates inside and outside.It was abandoned in 1949 and is now the residence of Guyang Town Government.[6]
Historical evolution
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Dai Guo
cruel and oppressive personTwenty eight years ago (about 1900 BC), Kunwu attacked merchants, chamber of commerce princes and Jingbo (Kaocheng).Baige, Wei, Kunwu and other countries.[238]
In Xia and Shang DynastiesBeibo, also known asJingbo。[2]Shang TangstayJingboOathcruel and oppressive personAfter the crime, the army was officially launched to attack the summer.[3]The Shang Dynasty attacked Jie, and the Shang Dynasty, Sui, Yifeng, Lanyang, Bian, Zheng, and then moved to Anyi, where Pan Geng moved to Yin and was called Yin Shang, Yan Ren Tian You, and Dai (Kaocheng);It is found in the oracle inscriptions.[240]
In the late Shang Dynasty, there wereA Study of Bo YiA manor.[1]
From 1027 BC to 1771 BC,King Wu of ZhouHe granted the descendants of Bo Yi Kao the State of Dai in Shang (Kaocheng).[239]
the Spring and Autumn period, here is the surname ZiDai Guo。During the ten years of seclusion, in autumn, Song, Wei and Cai attacked Dai, and Dai was finallyzheng Is extinguished.Later hereSong StateAll, saySunflower mound。[4][Zuo Zhuan, Nine Years of Joy]: "Autumn,Marquis Qi(Duke Huan of Qi) League all the meetings in Kuiqiu. "According to the Records of Kaocheng County in the Republic of China, "Kuiqiu is located within a hundred and ten steps southeast of the old city. Because it is so close to Kaocheng County, it is called" Kuiqiu of Kaocheng Ancient. "According to the Records of Kaocheng CountyKaocheng CountyThe old city is located in current Henan ProvinceMinquan CountyLinqi TownshipThree miles to the southwest, where there is no city site because of repeated floods, is known as "Old County Collection".[1]The map of Minquan County (made in 1984) is marked here with“Kuiqiu Alliance Platform”Five words.
During the Warring States Period, it was called Waihuang.[44]
Kaocheng County in the Han Dynasty and the Cao Wei Dynasty was located in the east by the north of civil rights
In the Qin Dynasty, there were counties calledGu County。[4]
During the Western Han Dynasty, the Chu and Han Dynasties began to fight, and the city was plagued by disasters, so it was calledStere county(including the southwest of Caoxian County)[66], genusliang 。In addition, there are alsoWaihuang County。(See《Kaocheng County Annals》Volume II)
New KoreaDuring this period, the county was renamed as "Jiajiu".
Kaocheng County in the Tang Dynasty was in Minquan County
Donghan GenusChenliu County，Emperor Zhang of the Han DynastyTwo years (AD 77),Liu XuanVisiting the Zhixian County in the east, the imperial edict was issued that "Chen Liuzhi County is not well named... It was changed from Zhixian County to Kaocheng County in the sense of Emperor Guanglie Kaowu(Minquan County under the jurisdiction of the countyBeiguan Town）[45]。”(Quoted from Volume 23 of Shuijingzhu).[4]。In the middle and late Han Dynasty, Kaocheng was changed to Cheng'an County, still under the jurisdiction of Chenliu County.[210]
It was abolished at the beginning of the Western Jin Dynasty and later restored, belonging to Jiyin County.[72]Chen Liujun Residence at the Time of Emperor Huidi of JinJiyang StateKaocheng County belongs to Jiyang County, which was later changed into a county except for Jiyang State. Kaocheng County belongs to Jiyang County.
In the Southern and Northern Dynasties, Kaocheng belonged to Jiyang Prefecture during the Liu Song Dynasty.[146]
In the Northern Wei Dynasty, it was renamed Kaoyang, where it was established as Beiliang Prefecture.The Northern Qi Dynasty was abolished and renamedCheng'an County，Cheng'an County is in the northeast of the countyLankaoGuyang area.[44]
In the 18th year of Emperor Kaihuang of the Sui Dynasty (AD 598), it was renamed Kaocheng CountyLiangjun。[4]
Tang Dynasty, Kaocheng CountyCaozhou。[4]In the fourth year of Tang Wude (621), Dongliangzhou was established in Kaocheng County.In the fifth year of Wude (622), Liangzhou was abolished, and Kaocheng County belonged to Caozhou.[190]In the first year of Tianbao (742), Caozhou was changed into Jiyin County, which governs six counties including Jiyin, Chengshi, Chengwu, Yuanju, Nanhua and Kaocheng.[140]In the 14th year of Yuanhe era (819), Kaocheng County was changed to be under the jurisdiction of Song State and returned to be under the jurisdiction of Caozhou.[191]
In the second year of Tongguang in the Later Tang Dynasty (924), the old name was restored, belonging to Kaifeng Prefecture.Metal Caozhou, Zhenglongzhong was changed to Suizhou.
It belonged to Chongning in the Song Dynasty for four years.[4]In the Song Dynasty,HuanglinggangIt belongs to Kaocheng County.[71]
Kaocheng County in the Song Dynasty was in Minquan County
Through the Song, Jin, Yuan, Ming and Qing Dynasties, the name of Kaocheng has always been used.[1]
In the early Jin Dynasty, the Yellow River burst and changed its course. In the second year of Xingding (1218), in order to avoid the river disaster, Dongming County moved to Dongmingji (now Dongming Market Town, Dongming City, Heze City, Shandong Province) to the north of the Yellow River, and the original residence was abandoned asTonganbao, Kaocheng County.[148]
In the ninth year of Jin Zhengda's reign, Tonganbao, Gekaocheng CountyYifeng County。[39-40]In the first year of Tianxing (1232), there were two counties on the south bank of the Yellow River. The first was Gekaocheng, Xiangyi (today's Sui County), and Dongming three townsYifeng County(Records of Fang Yu in Reading History Volume 16: Wei Yi in the Spring and Autumn PeriodDonghun CountyLand.Tang and Song DynastyKaocheng CountyLand)[48]。The first year of Jin Tianxing (1232)HuanglinggangIt was changed to Yifeng County.[74]In the first year of Huangqing (1312), due to flood, Yifeng City was rebuilt in Tong'an, Huanglinggang, in the west of Hanxiangpo Village, Putaojia Township, Lankao County.[77]
Kaocheng County has not changed since the Han Dynasty to the early Yuan Dynasty.After the Yuan Dynasty, Kaocheng CountyYellow RiverFlooding and frequent migration.In the Yuan Dynasty, Caoxian belonged to Kaocheng County in the southwest.[59]In April of the 25th year of the Yuan Zhiyuan era (1220 AD), the river broke through Kaifeng, overflowed Qisui, and the city was flooded. In order to avoid the river, Li Maozhi, the county supervisor, was in Heqiu (Heqiu is nowMinquan CountyNear Wangqiaoji).[1]In the Yuan Dynasty, Suizhou belonged to Bianliang Road and led four counties: Xiangyi, Kaocheng, Yifeng and Zhecheng.
In the fourth year of Hongwu in the Ming Dynasty (1371), Suizhou was restored to Kaifeng Prefecture. Suizhou was reduced to a county in May of the tenth year of Hongwu (1377), and was upgraded to a state in November of the thirteenth year of Hongwu (1380).[192]
In the 23rd year of Hongwu in the Ming Dynasty (AD 1390), the county town suffered from river disasters againXianzongRelocate Jiangmu Store "(Jiangmu Store is located in Litang Township, Minquan County today).In the second year of the Zhengtong era of the Ming Dynasty (1437 AD), Kaocheng was hit by a flood. "Zheng Dao, the magistrate of the county, moved to build the old city" (the old city is nowMinquan CountyBeiguanji).[1]
In June of the 24th year of Jiajing (1545), Suizhou belonged to Guide Mansion, leading the second county: Kaocheng and Zhecheng.[193]
Kaocheng County in the Jin Dynasty was located in Minquan County
In the 46th year of Qianlong's reign (1781), in July, the river closed its mouth and overflowed its mouth for more than 20 years. The water on the north bank was all poured into Qinglonggang (now the territory of Henan Lankao).[205]
In March of the 48th year of Qianlong's reign in the Qing Dynasty (1783), Lei Xun, the county magistrate, was examined and a new town was built in Guiyang.[185]
In the 49th year of Qianlong's reign in the Qing Dynasty (1784), due to flood,Yifeng CountySeven townships including 堌堌堌堌堌堌堌堌堌堌堌堌堌堌堌堌堌堌堌堌堌堌堌225.[8]
In the fifth year of Xianfeng in the Qing Dynasty (1855),Copper tile boxThe Yellow River changed its course to the north after the breach, and Kaocheng moved to the southeast of the river, still under the jurisdiction of Defu.[121]
In the first year of Guangxu (February 1875), Kaocheng County returned to Guide Mansion.[197]
In 1912, Sui Prefecture was changed into a county. Today, Minquan County belongs to Sui County in the east, middle and south, Kaocheng County in the northeast, Qi County in the west, and Lanfeng County in the north.[213]
In February of the second year of the Republic of China (1913), the government abolished the government and preserved the roads, and four roads were set up in the east, west, south and north of Henan. Kaocheng and Lanfeng counties all belong to the east of Henan.In June of the third year of the Republic of China (1914), the East Henan Road was changed to Kaifeng Road, and the jurisdiction remained unchanged.In August of the 16th year of the Republic of China (1927), Feng Yuxiang took charge of Henan, abolished Kaifeng Road, and established four district chief executive offices in northern Henan, eastern Henan, western Henan, and southern Henan. Seven counties, including Lanfeng and Kaocheng, belonged to the first chief executive office in western Henan (in Kaifeng County).Soon, the abandoned areas, Lanfeng, Kaocheng and other counties belonged to Henan Province.In November of the 21st year of the Republic of China (1932), Henan Province was divided into 11 administrative supervision districts, and Lanfeng and Kaocheng counties were the second district (in Shangqiu County).[184]
From the relocation of Kaocheng County in the Qianlong period of the Qing Dynasty to the 17th year of the Republic of China (1928), there is no county seat in Minquan County, and the territory of the county belongs to Kaocheng CountySui County、Qi CountyJurisdiction.
On March 8, the 17th year of the Republic of China (1928)Liu ZhenhuaIt was proposed by the President of Henan Provincial Governmentfeng yu-hsiangApproved, Sui County is divided into three districts (including the North Qili of the old Kaocheng, namely Dafanji, Wangqiaoji, ChendianjiJiuxian VillageJi, Diesel Fangji, Linqikouji, and some areas under the jurisdiction of Sui County), andQi CountyThe five communes in the north, Xifei, Bahe, Shuangta, Renhe and Xinxing, set up Minquan County, with the county seat located in Libaji (today's old city).
In the 25th year of the Republic of China (1936), Lanfeng County and Kaocheng County were merged into Dongren County.The county seal has been cast and reported to the superior for record. The decision was made to move the county seat to Xiaosongji. Later, due to the appeal of the masses, the superior resigned.On May 19, the 27th year of the Republic of China (1938), the Japanese army captured Kaocheng.[186]
In August of the 27th year of the Republic of China (1938), the administrative district of Henan was adjusted. Kaifeng and Tongxu counties were divided from the first district, and Chenliu, Lanfeng, Kaocheng, Minquan, Suixian and Qixian counties were divided from the second district. The twelfth district was added, and it was specially stationed in Lanfeng County.[189]
In October 1938, the Special Committee of the Communist Party of China for Su, Lu and YuGuo Xiaohu (now Caoxian), northwest of CaoxianZhuangzhai Town）[143]The Kaucheng Anti Japanese County Government was established,The first anti Japanese democratic regime at the county level in southwest Shandong was proclaimed,Yu ZiyuanServe as the county head.[242]In order to maintain the overall situation of the united front, the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China (CPC) revoked the anti Japanese democratic government of Kaucheng County by telegraph in February 1939.[59][243]
Withdrawal in the first half of 1944Dongming CountyIts southern part is under the jurisdiction of Kaocheng.[57]
On August 15, the 34th year of the Republic of China (1945), Japan surrendered unconditionally, and Lanfeng and Kaucheng still belonged to the twelfth administrative supervision area of Henan.In October of the 37th year of the Republic of China (1948), the whole territory of Lanfeng County was liberated and belonged to Chenliu District.On October 28, the whole territory of Kaocheng County was liberated, and the county government was stationed in the county seat, belonging to Shangqiu District. In February of the next year, it was returned to Chenliu District.[187]
In 1949, Kaocheng County was governed byGuyang TownMove toZhangjunmu Town(Kaocheng Town, Lankao County today)[117]。
On June 27, 1952, the Chenliu Special District was revoked, and Lanfeng, Kaocheng and other counties under its jurisdiction were included in Zhengzhou Special District.
On January 23, 1954, Lanfeng County and Kaocheng County were merged and named Lankao County after the first word of the two counties. The county seat is still located in the original Lanfeng County seat.[188]In the same year, Beiguan, Chumiao and Chengzhuang under the original jurisdiction of Kaocheng County were divided intoMinquan County。
Kaocheng County in the Ming Dynasty was located in Minquan County
In 1956, it was renamed the originalKaocheng CountyBeiguan and ChumiaoCentral TownshipTen small villages belonging to Hechengzhuang TownshipMinquan County。Since then, there has been no further change in Minquan County.
Kaocheng County is close to the groundYellow RiverIn history, he suffered from floods many times and moved to the city many times.[234]It can be seen from the above that the Kingdom of JinSuizhouKaocheng County is located in the east of Minquan County in Henan Province today, which is far away from the Kaocheng County after its relocation during the Qianlong period of the Qing DynastyGuyang Town(Today's Henan Lankao) more than 40 kilometers.[1]
Historical origin
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In the Qing Dynasty, Kaocheng County moved westward to Lankao County
As for why Emperor Zhang of the Han Dynasty named the county "Kao", there are also different views.First,Dai GuoThe eldest son of King Wen of ZhouA Study of Bo YiThe descendants were granted the state, so "Kao" from Boyi Kao was taken as the name of the county on the former land of Dai.Second, Emperor Zhangdi was to commemorate his grandfatherreigned as Guangwu Di。Liu Xiu was born in Chenliu CountyJiyang CountyJiyang County is located todayLankao CountyIn the northeast, when Liu Xiu was born, he was called "Xiu" because there were nine ears and one stem in Jiahe at the county boundary.[1]
During the Western Han Dynasty, a county was set up, which was called the Maul (Z ī) County.The meaning of "evil spirit" is the first cultivated land, which in ancient times was the same as "disaster".Chu and Han fought against each other. There were many wars here, so it got its name.The founding emperor of the Eastern Han DynastyEmperor GuangwuLiu Xiu was born here.After Liu Xiu succeeded to the throne, he did not change his name.andreigned as Guangwu DiLiu Gui, the grandson of Emperor Zhang of the Han Dynasty, thought that this place, as the birthplace of his grandfather, was not properly named "Mei", so he changed its nameKaocheng CountyIt means to carry forward the achievements of "Liekao Wuhuang".[7]The name of Kaocheng lasted from the Eastern Han Dynasty to 1954, but its county and jurisdiction changed many times. The old Kaocheng is hundreds of miles away from Lankao, which is nowMinquan County。
The word "Kao" first appeared inShang OracleIn Chinese, it is the same word as "old", which is like an old man holding a stick.At the same time, there also appeared a staff with the shape of "yi (the pictographic initial text of axe)", which became a pictophonetic character from yi to shengXiaozhuanIt can also be seen clearly, such as《Shuo Wen》"Kao, Lao also. From the old province, Yi sound." After the Han Dynasty, the upper part of the font slowly changed to "耂耂耂耂耂耂耂耂耂" It is not easy to see that it was the image of an old man at first.In the Western Zhou Dynasty inscriptions and the Book of Songs“Longevity examination”It is a commonly used word. It means to live a long and old life. The term "test" here should be used in its original meaning.The more common“Zukao”、“Fierce examination”、“one's deceased father”"Kao" in all the words is a honorific title for the deceased father.So far, I knowEmperor Zhang of the Han DynastyWhy was it renamed Kaocheng to honor his grandfatherreigned as Guangwu Di。[1]
There is another folk version about the origin of Kaocheng.Because Kaifeng was the provincial capital of Henan Province in the Qing Dynasty, the city of Kaocheng was less than 100 kilometers away from Kaifeng. Every year in the season of scientific research, it became a gathering place for students who went all the way to the county for scientific research.onceCixiWhen I passed Kaocheng, I was very happy to see so many students. I blurted out, "What a Kaocheng!" Kaocheng got its name from this.[235]
Another saying is that Kaocheng is the ancient Dai State, also known as Kuiqiu in the Spring and Autumn Period.Qin ZhiStere countyThe Han Dynasty named Kaocheng in memory of his filial son Yingkao.[237]
Eight Sceneries of Kaocheng
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The eight sceneries of Kaocheng are the setting sun of the Mengtai, the flying clouds of the Xianguan, the autumn wind of the Jiangmu, the rain and dew of the Lici Temple, the Fu Taming eaves, the winding water of the Liangcun Village, the willow smoke of the ancient road, and the peach waves of the Qinhe River.[178]
"Mengtai sunset" refers to "Kuiqiu Huimengtai Site".In 1995, the government allocated funds for expansion, including pavilions, gatehouses and walls, covering an area of 1500 square meters.The Kwai Hill meets the Alliance Platform, with green trees surrounded by water on three sides.[225]During the Ming and Qing Dynasties, Kuiqiu Huimengtai had a beautiful scenery, and "Mengtai sunset" was one of the eight scenic spots in Kaocheng.Chang Fangbin, a poet in the late Qing Dynasty, wrote a poem praising: "The old east of Tianjin on the north bank of the ancient river is in the sunset of the Monument. The moss on the broken stele erodes green, and the pines and cypresses steam red. The smoke and grass surround the monk's house, and the firefly ghost rises from the Buddha's palace. What is a desolate section like? People are still talking about Duke Huan of Qi."[226]
According to the Records of Kaocheng · Records of Historic Sites in the Qing Dynasty, "Ge Gang is two miles south of the county, which is said to be Ge Hong's alchemy place." Later, a Taoist temple was built here.This Taoist temple has double eaves and folded corners, exquisite and exquisite, elegant style, magnificent momentum, towering into the sky, like an eagle spreading its wings;Ancient cypresses and cypresses are planted beside the temple, with luxuriant branches and leaves, tall and straight and green. Colorful clouds often float on the eaves of the Taoist temple;When the sun goes down, the red clouds reflect the earth, and the immortal light flows with gold and color, which is like a mirage. It is said that there was a fairy flying here, and there were four characters written on the square: "Fairy light and rosy clouds fly".For thousands of years, scholars and poets often came here to watch the flying clouds and sigh, and Nian Rouhan wrote poems."Fairy View and Flying Mist" became one of the eight ancient scenic spots in the city.[217]
Origin of the surname Dai
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According to the "Kaocheng County Annals · History Annals" attached in the 13th year of the Republic of China《Taiping Huanyu》: Kaocheng County.ancientDai GuoLand.[181]summerThe hundred states in the Central Plains in the Shang, Zhou, Spring and Autumn Periods were also the main periods of the formation of hundred family names in Chinese history.Dai,Dai GuoDai, the state of Dai in the ancient Western Zhou Dynasty and the Spring and Autumn Period of the Eastern Zhou Dynasty, was a royal vassal state in the Central Plains of the ancient Zhou Dynasty, located in today's Lankao County, Henan Province.[179-180]Gu Donggao's Spring and Autumn Chronicle clearly pointed out the specific location of the capital of the State of Dai in Kaocheng County: "The surname Dai, Zi. The capital is now the old city of Kaocheng, five miles southeast of Kaocheng County, Guide Prefecture, Henan Province."[218]
Du Yu, a scholar in the Western Jin Dynasty, explained the former place of Dai in more detail: "Dai State, there is Dai City in the southeast of Huangxian County outside Chenliu today." This shows that the former place of Dai State was called "Dai City" in the Western Jin Dynasty.From this we can draw a conclusion that there was no problem with the Chenliu Prefecture of Dai Guodiwang in the Han and Jin Dynasties.Now, the dispute over whether Dai is in the territory of Lankao in Kaifeng or in the territory of civil rights in Shangqiu is ultimately caused by the historical and geographical evolution of 2000 years.[224]Historically, Minquan County and Lankao County have experienced several administrative regional changes.Minquan County was established in 1928 when Feng Yuxiang was in charge of Henan. It was initially formed by the merger of the "five communities" in the northeast of Qi County and the "seven li" in the north of Sui County.In 1954, after the founding of the People's Republic of China, when Lanfeng County and Kaocheng County were merged, the former Kaocheng Beiguan District was under the jurisdiction of Minquan County.So far, Kaucheng County has ceased to exist, and its jurisdiction has been divided into today's Lankao County and Minquan County.In addition to the current Lankao County, the territory of Dai should also include part or most of the civil rights, Sui County and Qi County.[227]
Former Place of North Bo
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It is said that Kaocheng CountySanboOne of, forShang TangAlliance Land, saidBeibo。[1]
“Bo”It refers to the capital of the former Shang Dynasty and the Shang Dynasty.Because of the continuous migration of Shang tribes, there were many "Bo" places in history.The location of "Bo" is directly related to the location of the commercial capital.For thousands of years, historians have argued with different opinions, including Zhang Bo, Yuan Bo, Zheng Bo, and Pi Bo.However, the earliest, most influential and most recognized ones are“Sanbo”It was said thatHuangfu MiPropose.In the Book of History of the Qing Dynasty, there are three Bos in Yin, two in the State of Liang and one between Heluo. The Bos in the State of Liang are the southern Bos and the northern Bos. The Bos in Heluo are the western Bos. The orientation of the three Bos is based on the origin of Shangqiu (today's Shebotai in Shangqiu), where the Shang tribe originally lived.[168]
《Historical Records, Yin Benji》Said: "As far as the contract is concernedSoupsEight shifts.soupPrimordial residenceBoFrom the former king's residence. "[101]In Records of the Historian, Yin Benji, justice: "Fifty miles north of Songzhou, the city of Great Mongolia is the scene of Bo, and Tang is the alliance."[162]Mencius said: "Tang lives in Bo and neighbors Ge." "Records of the Historian · Yin Ben Ji": "Tang marches against princes,Godber If he doesn't offer sacrifices, Tang will start his campaign. "Geguo is today's Ningling County, Shangqiu City. The Shuijingzhu says, "Gexiang is forty miles northeast of Ningling County, Liangguo."[163]In the 44th year of the reign of Emperor Kangxi in the Qing Dynasty, the Annals of Shangqiu County - Historic Sites:Mengxian CountyThe Bo is the Jing Bo. "Kan Yin of the Northern Wei Dynasty "Records of the Thirteen Prefectures": "Tang met the princes in JingboMongBoya to the north. "Beibo is located inMengxian CountyThe northwest is the capital of the Shang State, the vassal state of the Xia Dynasty. It has a palace, a temple, and a military stronghold of Shang Tang.This is the starting point of Tang's attack on Jie.According to Guide Mansion Annals, Beibo was a city of the Song Dynasty in the Spring and Autumn Period, and a county of Shanyang in the Western Han DynastyBo CountyIn the Eastern Han Dynasty, it was the city of Meng County in the State of Liang.[164]
At the end of the Xia DynastyShang nationalityRising day by day, leaderShang TangAccumulate strength to overthrowcruel and oppressive personThe rule of.He moved from Shangqiu, the old capital of the former king, to Beibo (also known as Jingbo and Mengbo). He held a general meeting of vassals and was elected as the leader of the alliance by the leaders. He swore to fight against Xia Jie.Zuo Zhuan · Four Years of Zhao Gong: "Shang Tang hasJing Bo's Life。”The Ancient Bamboo Chronicle: "The princes of the Chamber of Commerce are in Jingbo."[128]"Bo" capital is called "Jingbo" because its capital is located inJingshanIt is named after the sun.Then look at the water of Bodu."Bo" is located in the tributaries of the Yellow Riverold name for part of the Yellow River in Hebei and ShandongThe Yin and the Yin of Bian water are not only convenient for water transportation, but also provide water sources for people, livestock, land irrigation, etc.In addition to the two rivers, there are also huge "two rivers", namely "Mengze" and "Mengzhuze".The Mengze River is shallow. When it is dry, there is grass and no water. The river is cut off from the Mengzhuze River in the east;During the flood season, it is connected with the Mencius and Zhuze rivers, forming a huge river with a length of hundreds of miles.Because "Bo" is located inMunzeMengdi in the north is also called "Mengbo"."Bo", "Jingbo" and "Mengbo" are actually three famous people and one place.[159]
《Bamboo Chronicle》It also records the history of the Yin and Shang Dynasties: ① In the 15th year of the reign of Emperor Gui, "Shang Marquis Lu (Tang) moved to Bo." ② "In the 28th year of the reign of Kunwu, the princes of the Chamber of Commerce were in Jingbo." ③ "Shang Wang Tang": "Tang in Bo can cultivate its virtue." ④ "In the 18th year of the reign of Guihai, Wang ascended the throne and lived in Bo." ⑤ "Wai C": "In the first year of the reign of Yi Hai, Wang ascended the throne and lived in Bo." ⑥ "Zhong Ren": "In the first year, Ding Chou, Wang ascended the throne and occupied Bo, and appointed Qing Shi Yi Yin." ⑦ "Da Jia": "In the first year, Xinsi, Wang ascended the throne and occupied Bo, and appointed Qing Shi Yi Yin." ⑧ "Woding": "In the first year, Guisi, Wang ascended the throne and occupied Bo." ⑨ "Xiao Geng": "In the first year, Ren Zi, Wang ascended the throne and occupied Bo."[216]
Tang dynastyDu You《A synopsis》The 177th state and countyJiyin CountyKaocheng County: "Kaocheng hasBeibo，SoupsBoth.liang There are two Bos. The southern Bos are in the valley, and the northern Bos are in the valleyMongThis is the North Bo, also calledJingbo, also ancientDai GuoAlso. "
Sima Qian《Redords of the Grand History of China·The Biography of Lao Zhuang Shen Han said:“ZhuangziIt is also called Zhou.Zhou Shan was an official of Mengqi Garden, and he was at the same time as King Hui of Liang and King Xuan of Qi. "[131]
"Records of City Tombs" said: "North Bo is in the northwest of Mengcheng."《Taiping Huanyu》"The north Bocheng is fifty three miles northeast of the county," said Kaucheng in Tokyo[91]Taiping Huanyu Ji: "There are two Bos in the State of Liang. The southern Bos are in Gushu, the northern Bos are in Mongolia, and Tang meets the princes in the northern Bos, that is, the northern Bos of Mongolia."[165]
Ming Dynasty《Elegant》: Kaocheng County in Guide has Boyue, Dameng and Xiaomeng.Zhang Benqing: Tang QianNanbo, i.eGuide Mansion。[5]
The Notes to the Water Classics also says: "The water that comes out of the river is in the north of Mengxian County, Liangjun County, which is popularly known as the Little Mengcheng." The Western Expedition says: "The city is fifteen or six miles south of the river, that isDaoist philosopherThe origin of the city '. "He also said, "The river flows east to the north of the old city of Yucheng County, which is also the ancient Yu country." This more clearly shows that Meng County in the Han Dynasty was located 15 or 16 miles south of the ancient Bianshui River, and northwest of the ancient city of Yucheng.[133]
Li Tai, the King of Wei of the Tang Dynasty, and others wrote in the "Chronicles of Geography": "Fifty miles north of Songzhou, the city of Dameng is a scenic spot." The history of Song music, Taiping World Records, "" Henan Road · Songzhou · Songcheng County "said:" The city of Dameng is forty-one miles north of the county. "Gu Zuyu's" Summary of History Reading Areas "said:" The city of Mengcheng is forty miles northeast of Guide Mansion, which is also called the city of Dameng. "Jiang Tingxi's" Modern Interpretation of Shangshu Geography "" Three Bos "in the Qing DynastyArticle: "Today, there is Dameng City forty miles north of Shangqiu County, Guide, Henan Province."[132]
According to Jiajing Guide Annals, "Three Bo people,MongIt is the northern Bo, the southern Bo when the grain is ripe, and the western Bo when the Yanshi River flows. "[107]
Kaocheng is the Zhizhi County of the Qin Dynasty. It was renamed Kaocheng in the Eastern Han Dynasty. The city is more than ten kilometers east of today's Minquan County. By the 19th year of Qianlong's reign in the Qing Dynasty, the revised Guide Mansion Annals clearly pointed out that:“Hometown of Zhuang ZhouIn Gumengze, east of Kaocheng. "Another copy of Suiyang Li Yunxiu's "Complete Records of Guide Mansion" said, "Mengcheng is thirty miles east of (Kaocheng)Hometown of Zhuang Zhou(Now Minquan CountyZhuangzi Town）[137]。”[134]
The annotation of "Meng" in "Guide Mansion Annals - A Brief Introduction to Geography" by Qianlong of the Qing Dynasty is: "Kaocheng County Annals": 30 miles east of the county. "Fangyu Shenglan" says that there areMunze, isZhuangzi's hometown(Now Minquan CountyZhuangzi Town）[136]Also. "According to the above records, it is clear and accurate that the "Meng" direction all points to one place: the north of Song City (today's Shangqiu Ancient City) and the east of Kaocheng (today's Lankao County).[130]
According to《Night boat·Geography · Territory, Sanbo, Caozhou Kaocheng County is called Beibo, Xijing Gushu County is called Nanbo, and Xijing Yanshi County is called Xibo.[94]
《Water injection·The old city of Xiaomeng in Bo in the chapter of Water Diving is a clear proof.In the Han and Jin Dynasties, Inner Mongolia County belonged to the State of Liang, soHuangfu MiAs the saying goes, "There are two Bos in the Liang Dynasty today. The southern Bos are in Gushu, the northern Bos are in Mongolia, and not in Yanshi." And as the saying goes, "Mongolia is the northern Bos, which is the scene of Bos, and Tang is the alliance."[95]Shuijing Note: "(Suishui) also passes through the north of Bocheng in the east and the south, which is also called Tangdu." From Beibo, the capital of the Shang State, which belonged to the Xia State, to Nanbo, the founding capital of the Shang Dynasty, the "Shangtang Revolution" realized a qualitative leap in the development of the Shang tribe.According to the Records of Shangqiu County in the 44th year of the Kangxi Reign of the Qing Dynasty, "The Bo in Mengxian County is called the North Bo, and the Tang Dynasty is thriving; the Bo in Gushu County is called the South Bo, and the Tang Dynasty is the capital; the Bo in Yanshi County is called the West Bo, and the Tang Dynasty is moving." That is to say, Shang Tang rose in the North Bo, established its capital in the South Bo, and later moved its capital to the West Bo.[167]
historianWang GuoweiAccording to Shuo Bo, the reason of North Bo is that there areJingshanTherefore, it is called "Jingbo";Because this place belonged to“Mong”Therefore, it is also called "Mengbo".In the Eastern Han Dynasty, Bo County belonged to the State of Liang. In the Wei and Jin Dynasties, Bo County was abolished, and its territory belonged to the State of LiangMengxian County。Du Yu's note in Zuo Zhuan · The Eleventh Year of Zhuang Gong: "There is Bocheng in the northwest of Mengxian County" is correct.Northwest of Mongolia, namely Shanyang County in the Western Han DynastyBo CountyDiya.[166]
In the Western Jin Dynasty, Boxian County was abandoned as a city, and it was called Beibo since its ownership was unknown;In the Northern Wei Dynasty, the old city of Beibo belonged to Beiliang Prefecture, and Xiaochangzhong (526) governed Xiaoyang County in Beibo City;In the Northern Zhou Dynasty and the Sui Dynasty, North Bo seemed to belong to Kaocheng County, Liangjun County;In the Tang Dynasty, Beibo belonged to Jiyin County, Caozhou;Early Song DynastyBeiboIt is named Beibocheng, belonging to Henan RoadTokyoKaocheng County;In the Jin Dynasty, the northern Bo belonged to Kaocheng County, Suizhou;Northern Bo belonged to Suizhou on Bianliang Road in the Yuan DynastyKaocheng County；At the right time, the river flooded and silted up Bocheng in the north.[92]
Analysis of Zhuang Zi and Meng
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There are different opinions about where Zhuangzi's hometown is.Henan "Liangyuan District of Shangqiu City", "Minquan County", Shandong "Caoxian County", "Dongming County", and so on, are contending.The earliest record of Zhuangzi's native place is the Records of the Historian."Records of the Historian · Biographies of Lao Zhuang and Shen Han" said: "Zhuang Zi is a Mongolian, and is named Zhou." Later, all the ancient books and records have also regarded Zhuang Zi as a Mongolian.[220]After Sima Qian, many scholars in the past dynasties also agreed that Zhuang Zi was a Mongolian in the Song Dynasty.Some examples of such actions: Liu Xiang's Bie Lu: "Zhuang Zi is a Mongolian in Song Dynasty." Gao Yinzhu's Huai Nan Zi Xiu Wu Xun notes: "Zhuang Zi's name is Zhou, a native of Song Meng County." Ban Gu's self note: "Zhuang Zi's name is Zhou, a native of Song Dynasty." Tang Lu Deming's "Sutra Interpretation Preface": "Zhuang Zi's surname is Zhuang, a native of Meng County in Liang Dynasty."In Zhuangzi Shuxu, written by Cheng Xuanying of the Tang Dynasty, "his surname is Zhuang, his name is Zhou, his character is Zixiu, and he was born in Suiyang Meng County of the Song Dynasty." In the Taiping Huanyu Ji, a history of Song music, the article "Song Zhou · People" reads: "Zhuang Zhou, a Mongolian of the Song Dynasty." On the volume of Duan Changji of the Qing Dynasty's Territory List of the Past Dynasties, "Today, forty miles to the northeast of Defu is the hometown of Zhuang Zhou."[222]
Historical Records: "Chuang Tzu,MongPeople also ".Kangxi's Kaocheng County Chronicle · History of Historic Sites:‘Zhuangzi's hometown(Now Minquan CountyZhuangzi Town）[202]There must be evidence. 'You said, 'Meng is in the northeast of the county (Kaocheng).' "The former site of Kaocheng County is located in Guyang Town, Lankao County today.
In the 13th year of the Republic of China, the Annals of Kaocheng County · History of Evolution cited the "History of the Road": "In the Annals of National Names, Meng made a note that today's Kaocheng in the Song Dynasty is the ancient Mongolian city. The Eastern Wei Dynasty is the capital of Mongolia, and today's Xinghua Yuanting has Zhuangzi lacquer gardenUnjust sentenceAnd also cover the ground. "[182]
People from Kaocheng (Jiangji Village, Minquan County today), Jiyang in the Northern and Southern DynastiesPresident JiangAs a fellow villager of Zhuang Zi《Zhuang Zhousong》: "Yujie Mengxian County, Lanxun Lacquer Garden. Dansu can last for a long time, and Yadaos can exist. In a dream, it turns into a butterfly, and the Kun can fly out of the water. Out of the secular spiritual palace, it is a wonderful door to learn. It is easy to hang the rod, and forget to speak. Leisure heaven and earth, a total cage."[232]Zhuangzi Town of Minquan County is located 35 kilometers east of Minquan County, at the junction of Henan and Shandong provinces.It is 13 kilometers away from the Caoxian County seat in Shandong Province in the east. National Highway G220 passes through from north to south. County Highway 001 runs from east to west, connecting the commercial Caoxian Highway in the east and the Minhe Highway in the west.Zhuangzi Town is the hometown of Zhuangzi, the place where Zhuang Zhou, a master of literature and philosophy, was born and lived. There are Zhuangzi Well, Zhuangzi Hutong, Zhuangzi Former Residence Site and other relics, which are listed as key cultural relics protection units by the People's Government of Henan Province.[241]
Documentation
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Thirteen years of the Republic of China《Kaocheng County Annals·Citation of History《History of roads》"In the History of the Country's Name, Meng bet that the city of Kaocheng in the Song Dynasty is the ancient city of Mongolia. The Eastern Wei Dynasty is the capital of Mongolia, and today's Xinghua Yuanting hasZhuangziLacquer garden.HanzhiUnjust sentence, alsoMongDiya. '"[67]37th year of Kangxi in the Qing Dynasty《Kaocheng County Annals·Historic Site records: "Crouching Dragon Hill, in the south of the county, has been handed down as the prime minister of the Han DynastyZhuge Liang"[93]According to the Records of Kaocheng · History of Historic Sites in the Qing Dynasty, "Ge Gang is two miles south of the county, and it is said thatGe HongA place for alchemy. "[100]
The old city of Kaocheng is five miles southeast of the county.Sterile County of Benghan.Wang Mang sent troops to attack Zhai Yi and reached Chen Liuzhi in the east.Later Han Dynasty called Kaocheng.In the second year of Yong'an in the later Wei Dynasty, Liang sent Chen Qingzhi back to the north of Yuanhao to Liang.Wei Yuanhui had his army in Kaocheng, and Qing attacked and pulled it out.In the 13th year of the Tang Yuanhe era, Han Hong, the commander of Xuanwu, fought against Li Shigu, the commander of Ziqing, to encircle Caozhou and test its city.This is the city.In the 13th year of the orthodox period of the Ming Dynasty, the government moved to the present to deal with river disasters.[215]
Sunflower Hill PavilionIn the east of the county."Zuo Zhuan" In the ninth year of Xi Dynasty, Duke Huan of Qi met with princes in Kuiqiu.Du Yu said, "It's outside Huangdong.".Gai Jin Province Kaocheng enters Waihuang.Today, the county is 40 miles away from the old Outer Yellow City in the west.Puting is at the county boundary.Eastern Han DynastyQiu XiangIt is Pu Tingchang, that is.[219]
Cheng'an City is in the northeast of the county.Han AnnalsCheng'an County, belonging to Chenliu County.In Xiaochang of the Later Wei Dynasty, it was restored to Anxian County, the prefecture of Beiliang.The Northern Qi Dynasty abolished the county and entered Kaoyang County, which belongs to Jiyin County.The county was abolished in the early Sui Dynasty.In the 16th year of Emperor Kaihuang's reign, another provincial county entered Kaocheng County.[231]
Kaocheng County.One hundred and fifty miles to the east, fourteen old villages and seven today.Ancient Dai Country.Spring and Autumn Annals: "In the tenth year of Emperor Kan, he attacked Zheng and took it." Later, it was renamed Valley.Qin destroyed six countries and became Zixian County.Han Li Liang State.Later Han Dynasty, Emperor Zhang inspected the east and changed it to Kaocheng, still under the jurisdiction of Chenliu County.Later Wei Dynasty was Cheng'an County, which was still located in Beiliang County and was subordinate to Yanzhou in the south.In the Northern Qi Dynasty, the county was abandoned, and the county was returned to Jiyin County.Sui Fu became Kaocheng and moved to Songzhou.In the early Tang Dynasty, Liangzhou was established in the county.Wude five years, the state abolished, the county into Caozhou.Liang was changed to Daiyi County.Later Tang Dynasty revived.From Liang Dynasty to Jin and Han Dynasty, it belongs to Kaifeng Prefecture.[236]
Jiyang was called Wufu City in ancient times;In the Qin Dynasty, Jiyang County was set up, which was named after the city's position in the sun of water supply;In the Han Dynasty, Emperor Wu built a temporary palace called Jiyang Palace,Emperor Guangwureigned as Guangwu DiIt was born here.The Water Sutra Note, Water Aid, says: "Water aid flows eastward to Jiyang County, which is the south of the city, so Wu is the father of the city. The city is in the sun of water aid, so it is called" Water Aid ". Wang Mang changed it to" Water Aid ". Guangwu was born in Jiyang Palace and Guangming Room, which is where it is." The East View of Han Dynasty says: "Guangwu was born in Jiyang County in the first year of Jianping.At the age of, Jiahe was born, with nine ears on one stem, larger than Fanhe. It was very ripe at the county boundary, so it was named Xiu. "
During the Huidi period of the Western Jin Dynasty (290-306)JiyangCountyJiyang County (LankaoXuhe TownshipOne Belt,A talk about todayCaoxianZhuangzhai TownBaimao VillageOne Belt)[99][171-172], collarJiyangThere is a saying that Jiyang County is the county of Kaocheng.The area under the jurisdiction of Jiyang County is equivalent to the eastern part of Lankao County in Henan Province, most of Minquan County and the southern area of Dongming County in Shandong Province. During the Northern Wei Dynasty, Jiyang County was abandoned, and Jiyang City was destroyed by water because of the breach of the Yellow River.As for the geographical location of Jiyang County, the Annals of Yuanhe County records that "the old city of Jiyang is fifty miles to the southwest of (Yuanju) County" (Yuanju, an ancient place name, was located about forty-five miles to the west of Cao County, Shandong Province today).Cihai records:“JiyangThe name of an ancient county is located in what is now HenanLankao CountyNortheast ".Notes in the Historical Atlas of China:“（Jiyang）It is about 20 kilometers east by north in today's Lankao County.Tang Duyou's "Tongdian": "There is a lacquer garden in the wrong sentenceDaoist philosopherThe former city of Jiyang in the Han Dynasty is in this county（Yuanju County）In the southwest, the late Emperor Guangwu of the Han Dynasty was born here, and there is an ancient jujube city. "Li Jifu of the Tang Dynasty wrote in his Annals of Yuanhe Prefectures and Counties that "47 li to the state (Caozhou) in the east." This is the same as the note in Zhang Shoujie's Records of the Historian.He said: "The old city of Jiyang (near Guyang Town, Lankao County today) is fifty miles southwest of the county.".[139]
Historical Records of Kaocheng County
Kaocheng County has a long history and was called the State of Dai in ancient times. In the early Spring and Autumn Period, it was destroyed by the State of Zheng.Zuo Zhuan: Ten Years of Yin Gong: "Song people, Cai people and Wei people attacked Dai, and Zheng Bo attacked and took it."Later, it was a dependency of the State of Song, renamedGucheng County[11], Qin homeGu CountyAt the beginning of the Han Dynasty, it was renamed as "Mei County".Li Daoyuan of the Northern Wei Dynasty wrote in his Shuijingzhu: "(Examining the city) Qin ZhiGu CountyAlso.Since the later Han Dynasty, when the soldiers started to fight, the city had a lot of disaster years, so it was renamed as "Mei County".Wang Mang changed his namegrains of all sorts。Emperor Zhang of the Han Dynasty passed through the county in the east and issued an imperial edict, saying, "The county of Chen Liumei is not a good name.".It is called Kaocheng when it was changed into a county of mourning. ""Misery" means "the first cultivated land".From Gucheng, Guxian, to Miaoxian, and then tograins of all sortsThe image of "one stem and nine ears" when Liu Xiu was born shows that this is a grain producing area with abundant grain and boundless fertile fields.As Chu and Han contended for power, the Yellow River flooded, and the war and flood continued, the grain fields here were deserted, and the bare land was thousands of miles away.After the establishment of the Han Dynasty, the land has just been reclaimed, so it is appropriate to call it "Mei County".When Wang Mang was in the new dynasty, he expected that the function of the grain producing area would continue to highlight and was renamed Jiagu.Guangwuxing followed the Han Dynasty and eliminated the Mang government, and the name of the Meigong County was restored to use.During the reign of Emperor Zhang of the Han Dynasty, agriculture and mulberry cultivation were emphasized, water conservancy was developed, and the people were able to support their interests, ushering in the "governance of the Ming Dynasty".It is reasonable to say that the name was changed to Kaocheng: Emperor Guangwu Liu Xiu was born in Jiyang, the Han Dynasty was revived, Kaocheng is adjacent to Jiyang,Emperor Zhang of the Han Dynasty"Take the meaning of light and fierce examination", change the county of Mei into the city of examination, and commemorate his grandfather Emperor Guangwureigned as Guangwu DiMeaning.
Historically, the boundaries and affiliations of Kaocheng County were complex and changeable.Sui Dynasty, Liang Jun;During the Kaiyuan period of the Tang Dynasty, it belonged to Caozhou, Henan Province, and was subordinate to the Song State;In the Five Dynasties, it was changed to Dai Yi and soon regained its original name;In the Northern Song Dynasty, it was the capital city;In the Jin and Yuan Dynasties, it belonged to Suizhou;In the Ming Dynasty, it belonged to Guide Mansion;In the 49th year of Qianlong's reign in the Qing Dynasty (1784), due to flood,Instrument sealSeven townships, including the county town of Tengyang, are under the jurisdiction of Kaocheng, and the county town of Kaocheng is moved to Tengyang. The south bank of the Yellow River of the original Kaocheng is still under the jurisdiction of Guide Prefecture, which is under the jurisdiction of Suizhou;In the 17th year of the Republic of China (1928), Feng Yuxiang, the chairman of Henan Provincial Government, set up Minquan County by examining the three districts in the south of the city, the three districts in the north of Sui County and the five districts in the north of Qi County;In 1954,Lan Feng, Kaocheng was merged and named Lankao County after the first word of the two counties. The three districts of Beiguan, Chumiao and Chengzhuang under the original jurisdiction of Kaocheng were divided into Minquan County.So far, Kaocheng County, which has lasted for more than 1800 years, has been divided into two parts and merged into the newly established Minquan County and Lankao County respectively. The name of Kaocheng County has completely disappeared from the administrative division of our country.
Kaocheng is close to the Yellow River, suffering from floods repeatedly. The county government has moved several times. Since the Jin and Song Dynasties, it has moved six times.In the fourth year of Jin Xingding (1220), he moved to Heqiu (now Minquan County)Wangqiao TownNearby);In the Yuan Dynasty, Kaocheng County wanted to move to the post Chengzi (todayNanzhang Town）Build a new city and work later;[158]In the 23rd year of Hongwu in the Ming Dynasty (1390), the tomb store (now Minquan CountyChengzhuang TownDomestic);In the second year of Zhengtong in the Ming Dynasty (1437), he moved to Minquan CountyBeiguan TownSouth;In the 49th year of Qianlong's reign in the Qing Dynasty (1784), it was moved to Lankao CountyYuyang Town；Moved to Lankao County in 1949Zhangjunmu Town(Today, Lankao CountyKaocheng）[88]；In 1954,Lan Feng, Kaocheng merged, and the office was moved to Lanfeng, which is now the county seat of Lankao.In May 1956, 10 townships (the northern half of Chengzhuang Town, most of Beiguan TownBaiyunshi Town, Chumiao TownshipLaoyan Market TownThe northern half) is under the jurisdiction of Minquan County.[54]
Kaocheng was named from the eighth year of the Eastern Han Dynasty (83 years), and disappeared in 1954, with a total of 1871 years.During the Jin Dynasty, Kaocheng County, Jiyang County, was established by Emperor Hui of the Jin Dynasty and led by Kaocheng County. It was about a hundred years since the abolition of Jiyang County.In the Eastern Jin Dynasty and the Southern and Northern Dynasties, Jiyang was famous for its examination of the city.According to the Guide Mansion Annals, a brief description of the characters and a careful description, "In the Northern and Southern Dynasties, the two families of Kaochengjiang and Cai, the cicadas' crowns were matched, and the Tai Guns were matched. The famous emperors raised funds, and the descendants of Qingliu became the prosperous people. While talents came forth in large numbers and were listed in the historical biography for many generations, you only limited Gou." Cai Mo, a famous official in the Eastern Jin Dynasty, and Gou in the Northern and Southern DynastiesJiang Yan、Cai Kuo、Cai Xingzong、Cai JingliThey are all from Kaocheng, Jiyang.
Jiyang Kaocheng Landview
Kaocheng County Annals
So, where does Jiyang City in the Jin Dynasty look?The "Kuo Di Zhi" of the Tang Dynasty said:“Sunflower moundOne hundred and fifty steps to the southeast of Caozhou Kaocheng County, that is, the Huangong Alliance. "(There are several controversies about the address of Kuiqiu, including Mudan District, Dongming and Juancheng in Heze, and Lankao and civil rights in Henan.).[113]According to Zuo Zhuan, the Ninth Year of Duke Xi, "In the autumn, the Duke of Qi (Duke Huan) allied with all the officials in theSunflower mound(Today, Dongming CountyWuhegang VillageIn Lankao County today,First, Linqi Township, Minquan County)[6][103][105-106]。”Kuiqiu is so close to Kaocheng, so《Kaocheng County Annals》[157]Cloud: "Kaocheng, the ancient Kuiqiu also."According to the Gathering of Place Names in Shangqiu, "Kuiqiu: an ancient place name. It is located 17 kilometers east of Minquan County, east of Wangxiaozhuang Village,The old course of the Yellow RiverNorth Shore. "The 1995 edition of Minquan County Annals records that: "Kuiqiu Huimengtai is located in the east of Wangxiaozhuang Village, Linqi Township, north of Minquan County, east of Minquan County. The earth hill is two meters above the ground, surrounded by water on three sides, and the trees are green."[127]According to the textual research of the local cultural relics department, the site of Kaocheng before the Tang Dynasty is near the Linqi Reservoir in Minquan County today.Linqi Reservoir is a large area of water formed along the old Yellow River after its diversion. The reservoir is connected to Wutun Reservoir at the downstream. Linqi Township is in the middle of it, 16 kilometers west of Minquan County and 38 kilometers east of Shangqiu City.On the north bank of the reservoir and three miles to the southwest of Linqi Township, there is an ancient market, called "Jiuxianji", which is the remains of ancient Kaocheng. Not far from the southeast of Jiuxianji is the site of Kuiqiu Huimengtai, which is basically consistent with historical records.During the reign of Chongzhen in the Ming Dynasty, Yang Qiyuan, the county magistrate who had studied the city, wrote in a poem: "For years, the despotic industry was depressed. The grass on the platform of the alliance was thin, and people talked about the Kui Hill. There were isolated cities and wild waters."[8]
Kuiqiu Meeting
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According to《Redords of the Grand History of China·The Qi Family records:Duke Huan of QiIn the 35th year (651 BC), Duke Huan of Qi "met the princes at Kuiqiu (in the present civil rights territory of Henan)".[196]It is stipulated that the water source shall not be blocked inside;Can not hinder the circulation of grain in various places;The legitimate son cannot be changed;Do not kill the doctor casually;We should respect the talents;Do not allow scholars to inherit official positions;All the allies should make up.[199]The main purpose of Kuiqiu Alliance is to repair peace and let people of all countries rest and develop their economies. It is different from the usual alliance of war, so it is a relatively famous event in history.[206]
Mencius summed up the contents of the covenant as "Five Mandates", which were mainly supplemented politically, including the oath.The five articles recorded in Mencius are: "The first order is to punish unfilial people, not to change the tree, not to take a concubine as wife. The second order is to respect the good and educate the talented, in order to show virtue. The third order is to respect the old and be kind to the young, not to forget the guests. The fourth order is to say that there is no official, not to interfere in official affairs, and that you must get a man, not to kill a man. The fifth order is to say that there is no defense, no restraint to buy, and no closure without notice.Say, all the people in our alliance will make up after they have made the alliance. "[228]
Guo Zao, the county magistrate of Kaocheng in the Qing Dynasty, wrote in "The Creation of the Stele of Kuiqiu Academy": "Five tyrants who prepared books in Spring and Autumn Period, Qi HuanKuiqiu MeetingAnd the most prosperous.Make spring and autumn disappearKuiqiu MeetingThe history of 240 years is not recorded in righteousness.Confucius must stop writing and have nothing to do. "The inscription also said: "The husband Jing military chariot is in the world, and the great defense of China and foreign countries is strict. The sage may be benevolent. Mencius is ashamed to call Huanwen, while Kuiqiu Five Prohibitions are detailed in his book alone."[150]ConfuciusAfter investigating Kuiqiu's Alliance Platform, he commented: "Duke Huan joined the nine princes with no chariots. Guan Zhong's power was just like his benevolence.".It means that Guan Zhong assisted Duke Huan of Qi byKuiqiu AllianceDominate the vassals and unify the world. The common people still receive their gifts!Without Guan Zhong, we would all spread our hair and open our skirts to the left, becoming people under the rule of barbarians.Because Confucius was rightKuiqiu AlliancePositive comments from Kuiqiu Association“Honor the king and fight against the barbarians”The Spring and Autumn Annals were also praised by later generations of scholars.Kuiqiu Alliance Platform, which recorded this grand alliance, also caused many scholars to mourn and chant.Henan offered scholarship in the Ming DynastyCao LianHe wrote a poem and chanted: "The ancients left a hill on the terrace, and Qi Huan once met the princes here. The name of Zong Zhou Yi is still there, and the ceremony of high blood achievement has ended. The five prohibitions of alliance and words have made the sun and the moon clear, and a hundred years of hegemony have led to the Spring and Autumn Period. I came here to hang on to the ancient times and grieve, and I would like to shed tears all over Chen Bian."[151]
last,Kuiqiu AllianceWhere is the site today?According to the records in the Minquan County Annals of the Republic of China, "Wusheng Temple: 35 miles to the east of the county seat, it is said to be the place where Kuiqiu met the princes.[160]Note: Wusheng Temple was originally located in the east of Wangxiaozhuang Village, Linqi Township, Minquan County today, but it does not exist today. "“Mengtai Temple: Three miles southeast of Chumiaoji. "Judging from the location, the current Kuiqiu Temple was built on the basis of the original Wusheng Temple, while the Mengtai Temple was rebuilt on the original site.[161]
The "Kaocheng County Annals" revised by the Ming and Qing Dynasties stated that "Kaocheng,Ancient sunflower hill"Place".It was recorded in the Records of Kaocheng County · Historic Site during the reign of Emperor Kangxi of the Qing Dynasty that "Kuiqiu is 30 miles southeast of the county, where the Duke Huan of Qi met the princes in Kuiqiu in the first year of Gengwu, King Xiang of Zhou Dynasty. So far, there is still a platform base, built by Huimeng, named Huimeng Platform because of its place."[84]
According to《Zhongzhou Miscellaneous》"The evil spirit is also worn. Today's arches are used to test the city, so there is a reason to wear the city."[69]
According to the records in the Forms of Prefectures in Past Dynasties:SuizhouThe old city of Kaocheng County, namely the ancient State of Dai, is the State of Zi.After ten years of seclusion, Zheng took the place of Dai. "[81]
According to the "Summary of History Reading Fang Yu", Kaocheng County is 90 miles northeast, 90 miles southwest to Qi County, Kaifeng Prefecture, 120 miles north to Dongming County, Zhili County, and 70 miles east to Cao County, Shandong Province.Dai Guo this week.[203]The Spring and Autumn Annals was hidden for ten years, and Zheng took it for wear.According to the Biography of Chen Liu's Customs, the county was set up in the Qin Dynasty and changed to the county of steroid in the Han Dynasty, belonging to the State of Liang.Emperor Zhang of the Eastern Han Dynasty changed his name to Kaocheng, which belonged to Chenliu County.Shanxi Province.Later Wei Dynasty changed to Kaoyang County, which belonged to Beiliang County.North Qi Province enters Cheng'an County.In the 16th year of Emperor Kaihuang's reign in the Sui Dynasty, Kaocheng County was restored, belonging to Song State.In the early Tang Dynasty, Dongliangzhou was set up and abandoned, and Caozhou belonged to the county.In the Five Dynasties, Liang changed his name to Dai Yi, which belonged to Kaifeng Mansion.Later in the Tang Dynasty, it was called Kaocheng.Because of Song Dynasty.Chongning was renamed Gongzhou.In the grand view, it still belongs to Kaifeng Prefecture.Jin Fu belonged to Caozhou, and now it is.There is something strange in the city on Friday, and the number of households is eleven li.[211]
According to《Integration of ancient and modern books in Qinding·Compilation of Fang Yu · Official Fang Dian · Volume 391: Kaocheng County was named Dai State in Zhou Dynasty, and was renamed Gucheng by Zheng in the Spring and Autumn Period.In the Qin Dynasty, the county was set up as the Dang County.The Han Dynasty belonged to the Liang State. It was changed to Kaocheng County in the Eastern Han Dynasty and belonged to Chenliu County.Wei in the Three Kingdoms Period changed the county into a state, and the county was the same as before.Jin Dynasty was abolished.In the Southern and Northern Dynasties, Liu and Song Dynasties were restored, belonging to Jiyang County.Later Wei Dynasty was renamed Kaoyang, which belonged to Beiliang Prefecture.The Eastern Wei Dynasty was renamed Kao County, which belonged to Pei County.The Northern Qi Dynasty was renamed Cheng'an, which belonged to Jiyin Prefecture.In the 18th year of Emperor Kaihuang's reign in the Sui Dynasty, it was renamed Kaocheng County, which belonged to Liang County.In the fourth year of Tang Wude's reign, Dongliangzhou was set up, and the state was abandoned. It was still set up as a county, belonging to Caozhou Jiyin County.In the Five Dynasties, the Jin and Han Dynasties belonged to Kaifeng Prefecture, while in the early Song Dynasty, it belonged to Gongzhou, and it belonged to Xunhui.Both Jin and Yuan belonged to Suizhou, while Ming still belonged to Suizhou.[36]
According to the "Yongle Ceremony, Volume 1135", Wei Ji Fadai is right.In the autumn of the eleventh year of Emperor Gaodi of the Han Dynasty.Peng Zu was granted the title of Marquis.The custom of leaving behind.It is said that.Qin Zhihe County.Later, the Han soldiers rose.The city has many disaster years.Therefore, the date was changedStere county。Wang Mang is more famous.Emperor Zhang of the Han Dynasty patrolled the east.Cross the county.An imperial edict was issued.The name of Chenzhi County is not good.Gao Zu despised people.Shizong enjoyed his leisure and was rewarded.Hengji Yuanfu.The gift of Jiahuangling.The more there is a King Kaowu first.Date of the county where the steroid was changedKaocheng。It was Dugaiyin County that gained its name.The water flows east to the north of Shayang Pavilion in Ningling County.Therefore, sand follows the country.The Spring and Autumn Annals are handed down from the left.In the autumn of the 16th year of Chenggong.Meet in the sand.[37]
According to the records of the Song Dynasty's "Yu Di Guang Ji", the original surname of Jikaocheng County was Dai State, the Qin Dynasty was called Zhigu County, and the Chu and Han Dynasties were named after the soldiers started to fight in the county;Han belongs to Liang State;Later Han Dynasty belonged to Chenliu County, and Emperor Zhang made an imperial edict to the east to change the name of Kaocheng. Taking Yue was the righteousness of Emperor Guanglie Kaowu;Later in the Wei Dynasty, Kaoyang was set in Beiliang County;The Northern Qi Dynasty was abolished as Anxian County;In the 18th year of Emperor Kaihuang's reign in the Sui Dynasty, it was renamed Kaocheng, which belonged to Liangjun.[80]
According to the Tang Dynasty《Illustrations of Yuanhe County·Volume XI, Kaocheng County, tight.Ninety five miles from the northeast to the state.In ancient times, Dai Guoya, who lived in seclusion for ten years in the Spring and Autumn Annals, was "attacked by Song people, Cai people and Wei people".Later, it belonged to the Song Dynasty, and Chu destroyed the Song Dynasty. It was renamed Gu.The Han Dynasty believed that it was a county of disaster.The Record of the Capital City says: "There is Dai Shui in the southwest of the county. Today it is called Dai Po, and the Zhou Hui can go hundreds of miles back." This is the name of Dai State.The prosperity of the Han Dynasty was also due to the frequent disasters in the city, and the number of years was not high, so the city was called "steroid".The Emperor Xiaozhang, Chai Yu Daizong, passed through the Zhixian County, and called the Imperial Historian to say, "Chen Liuzhi County, whose name is not ordered. Therefore, the name of the high ancestor Bi Bai people, was praised by Emperor Wu Xiu when he heard about it. He changed the Zhixian County to Kaocheng County." To Jin, it belonged to Jiyin County.In the seventh year of Tianbao in Gaoqi, Kaocheng County was moved to Anxian County to manage this.In the 16th year of Kaihuang's reign in the Sui Dynasty, it was still renamed Kaocheng County, belonging to the Song State.In the fifth year of Wude, it was changed to Caozhou.Kuiqiu is 150 steps southeast of the county.Zuo Zhuan said that the princes of the Qi cabinet guild were at Kuiqiu, which is true.[38]
According to the Biography of Chen Liu's Customs of the Han Dynasty, Qin ZhiGu CountyAlso.Later, it was attacked by Han soldiers, and the city was in many disaster years, so it was renamed Meixian County.Wang Mang changed his namegrains of all sorts。When Emperor Zhang visited the county in the east, he issued an imperial edict: "Chen Liumei County is not a good name.".Shizong Xiu was delighted to hear that he had won the title of "Jiaying Heng Ji Yuan Fu", which was the capital of the Emperor Gaozu and Beibai people. With the care of the Emperor Jiahuang, Yueyouguang was granted the title of "Kaowu Emperor", which changed the name of "Mei Xian" into "Kaocheng".[43]
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Changes of Kaocheng County
Kaocheng County is the territory of Dai State in the Western Zhou Dynasty.Dai GuoshiKing Wen of ZhouLegitimate eldest sonA Study of Bo YiThe descendants were granted the state, so the "textual research" of Boyi was taken as the name of the county on the former land of Dai;During the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period, it was the land of the Song Dynasty;In the second year of Emperor Zhang of the Eastern Han Dynasty (AD 76), Kaocheng County was set up. After the founding of the People's Republic of China, it was removed from the county in 1954, a total of 1877 years. After the Han, Jin, Sui, Tang, Song, Jin, Yuan, Ming, Qing and other dynasties, its county administration and jurisdiction also changed many times.In different periods of history, it belonged to Chenliu County in the Eastern Han Dynasty (today's Chenliu Town in Kaifeng City) and the Eastern Jin DynastyJiyangCounty (today's Lankaoyang), Liangjun (today's Suiyang District) in Sui Dynasty, Kaifeng Prefecture in Houliang Dynasty, Caozhou (today's Caoxian County in Shandong Province) in Tang Dynasty, Suizhou (today's Suizhou) in Northern Qi Dynasty and Ming DynastySui County）Guide Mansion (now Suiyang District) in Song, Yuan, Ming and Qing Dynasties.The scope of Kaocheng's jurisdiction is roughly todayMinquan County、Lankao CountySome regions.
Although Minquan County was established late, it has a long history.Civil rights once belonged to Suizhou, Qi County and Kaocheng, and the Yellow River levee in the Ming and Qing dynasties was under the jurisdiction of Suizhou.In 1912, Sui Prefecture was changed into a county. Today, Minquan County belongs to Sui County in the east, middle and south, Kaocheng County in the northeast, Qi County in the west, and Lanfeng County in the north.In the 17th year of the Republic of China (1928), warlord Liu Zhenhua proposed to establish a new governance at the junction of Sui, Ning, Kao, Lan, and Qi.President of Henan Provincial Governmentfeng yu-hsiangApproved to be divided into seven districts Yegang, eight districts Wangqiao, nine districts Sunliu and five communities in the northeast of Qi County in the north three districts of Sui CountySun Yat-senSir“Three People's Principles”In the name of "civil rights", Minquan County was established, and the county government started to set up Libaji.In August 1948, Shangqiu District transferred Longtang, originally belonging to Sui County, to Minquan County.In 1954, Kaocheng County and Lanfeng County were merged into Lankao County.[200]The three districts of Beiguan, Chumiao and Chengzhuang under the original jurisdiction of Kaocheng were divided into Minquan County.So far, Kaocheng County, which has lasted for more than 1800 years, has been divided into two parts and merged into the newly established Minquan County and Lankao County respectively. The name of Kaocheng County has completely disappeared from the administrative division of our country.[230]
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Kaocheng County is close to the Yellow River. In history, the Yellow River often burst and flooded, and the county government moved several times. The county government migration from the Eastern Han Dynasty to the Tang Dynasty is difficult to verify because of its long history.However, since the Jin and Song Dynasties, they have moved to the city six times.In the second year of Emperor Gaozong's Jianyan in the Southern Song Dynasty (1128), the Yellow River moved southward to seize the Huaihe RiverYellow Sea, flowing through the current Minquan County.[201]From 1391 to 1495 in the Ming Dynasty, most of the Yellow River overflowed above Kaifeng.After the construction of the Taihang Dike on the north bank, the overflow site moved down to Lanyang, Kaocheng and Caoxian from 1496 to 1566.[108][138]In the summer of the second year of Shunzhi (1645), the river decided to take the city and the king's home.In July, the river broke through the circulation of Cao County, and Xu, Pi, Huai and Yang also broke through many places in the lower reaches.In the fifth year of Shunzhi (1648), the river broke through HenanLanyang。[110]In the first year of Kangxi's reign (1662), the Yellow River was flooded, and all the counties of Yuanwu, Xiangfu and Lanyang burst, overflowing Cao County to the east, and Fujue Shixianglu Village.River break in the 35th year of Kangxi (1696)Instrument sealZhangjiazhuang, Anton Tongjiaying and other places.In June of the 48th year of Kangxi's reign (1709), Leijiaji, Yifeng Hongshaowan, Shuiyi and Zhangjiazhuang dikes in Lanyang were crossed by the river.[111]In the fifth year of Xianfeng (1855), after the Yellow River burst, it sloped to the northwest, flooded Fengqiu and Xiangfu county villages, then turned to the northeast, and flooded Lan, Yi, Kaocheng, Zhili Changyuan and other county villages.[112]According to 1941 edition《Kaocheng County Annals》Record,The old place of Kaocheng is close to the Yellow River. It has suffered from floods for many times in history, and has moved to the city for many times - "The Yellow River overflows, and often migrates".[89]According to the Record of Place Names in Minquan County, "there are many place names reflecting the flood of the Yellow River. For example, Jiangpolou Village, named after the first floor of the houses in the village, Wangqiaolou Village, named after the Oasis Neighborhood Office, named after the last crop of houses, Wujiaolou Village, Wangqiao Town, named after the five floors washed away by the Yellow River, and Heliwang Village, named after Sunliu Town, because the village was trapped in the river."[207]
1. (Kaocheng) Zhou Yue Dai, Spring and Autumn Festival Dai, Warring States Period DaiWaihuang County。[44]
2. In the Eastern Han Dynasty, Kaocheng County is located in today's Minquan CountyLinqi Townshipsouthwest.In the middle and late Han Dynasty, Kaocheng was changed toCheng'an County, still under the jurisdiction of Chenliu County;In 386 AD, during the Later Wei Dynasty, it was changed to Kaoyang County;During the Xiaochang period of the later Wei Dynasty from 525 to 527 AD, it was re established as Cheng'an County, which was under the jurisdiction of Beiliang County;During the Northern Qi Dynasty (550-577 A.D.), it was changed to Cheng'an County again. Cheng'an County is located in the northeast of the countyLankaoGuyang TownOne Belt;In 596 AD, during the reign of Emperor Kaihuang of the Sui Dynasty, it was changed to Kaocheng County again.[44]
threeIn the Yuan Dynasty, Kaocheng County wanted to move to Chengzi (today's Lankao CountyNanzhang Town）Build a new city and work later;[194]In the 25th year of the Yuan Dynasty (1220 AD), the river broke through Kaifeng and the city was flooded. In order to avoid river disasters, "Li Mao, the county supervisor, ruled in Heqiu" (today's Minquan CountyWangqiao TownNearby), a total of 170 years.yuan dynasty,CaoxianThe southwest is under the jurisdiction of Kaocheng County.[60]
4. In the 23rd year of Hongwu in the Ming Dynasty (AD 1390), the county suffered from river disasters again."Zhixian County Yang Xianzong moved to build a tomb shop in the river" (today's Minquan CountyChengzhuang TownDomestic), a total of 47 years.
5. In the second year of the Zhengtong reign of the Ming Dynasty (1437 AD), the city was again flooded. "Zheng Dao, the magistrate of the county, moved to build the old city" (today's Minquan CountyBeiguan Town）346 years in total.In the 43rd year of Qianlong's reign in the Qing Dynasty (1778 AD), the river broke through Majiakou and the city was flooded with yellow water. Only Beiguan remained.
sixIn July of the 46th year of Qianlong's reign (1781), the river burstInstrument sealThe water on the north bank is all poured into Qinglonggang (now the territory of Henan Lankao).[198]In March of the 48th year of Qianlong's reign in the Qing Dynasty (AD 1783), Lei Xun, the county magistrate, was examined and a new town was built in Youyang, a total of 166 years.[141]
sevenIn October 1938, the Special Committee of the Communist Party of China for Su, Lu and YuCaoxianGuoxiaohu in the northwest (today's Caoxian CountyZhuangzhai Town）[122-124]The Kaucheng Anti Japanese County Government was established and revoked in March 1939.[60]Withdrawal in the first half of 1944Dongming CountyIts southern part is under the jurisdiction of Kaocheng, and its northern part is under the jurisdiction of Heze County.In August 1945, Dongming County was restored.[195]In 1949, Kaocheng County was governed byYuyang TownMove toZhangjunmu Town(Today, Lankao CountyKaocheng）[86], 5 years in total.In 1954, Kaocheng County was abolished,Lanfeng CountyAndKaocheng CountyConsolidationLankao County。[11][15]In the east of Kaocheng CountyMinquan CountyMerge.So far, "Kaocheng County" has died and become a historical name.[9][85]
Yan Su(961-1040), with the word Mu Zhi, was born in Jiyin (now northwest of Caoxian County), a scientist and painter in the Northern Song Dynasty.He was once transferred to the post of general judge of Henan Province, and was appointed as the county magistrate of the city.[208]
Wu Zhipu(1906-1967), in 1930, Wu Zhipu was appointed Secretary of the CPC Kaocheng County Committee.[212]
Zhang Qinli(1927-2004), Henan LankaoNanzhang TownZhang Chuang Ren.He used to be the head of Kaocheng County.[223]
