Leipzig

Cities in eastern Germany

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synonym Leipzig (East German city) generally refers to Leipzig

Leipzig (German: Leipzig), located in the center of the Leipzig Basin in the east of Germany, is at the intersection of the Wesseelster River and the Plesse River, with an area of 297.8 square kilometre ，^[1] With a population of about 600000, it is the second largest city in the former East Germany.

Most areas of Leipzig are plains, and the southern part is in front of Mount Erz. The climate is mild, Annual precipitation More than 600mm. Elbe River It flows through the northeast end, Mulder River It flows through the middle.

Leipzig has developed industry, lignite Mining and processing, chemical, heavy Machinery manufacturing Textile, food processing, printing and tobacco are important industrial sector 。 In the southwest, wheat beet , feed Shrimp and crab Mainly planted in the northeast Rye 、 oats 、 Potato 。 The dairy products and pumps are developed. There are dense railways and highway network 。 Germany became Saxony Part of.

Chinese name: Leipzig
Foreign name: Leipzig
Alias: Daocheng
Administrative Region Category: city
Region: Germany Saxony
geographical position: East Germany

Area: 297.8 km²^[1]
climatic conditions: temperate continental climate
population size: 600000
Famous scenic spot: Leipzig Concert Hall 、 Nikolai Church 、 Thomas kirche
Airport: Leipzig Harley Airport
train station: Leipzig Railway Station

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City Introduction

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Leipzig

Leipzig, the second largest city in eastern Germany, is located in Berlin 165 kilometers to the south. The city name Leipzig, in the local ancient language, means "to plant bodhi tree Water green banyan trees can be seen everywhere in urban and suburban areas. A great poet Goethe I like it very much and call it "Little Paris".

The street here is clean and the business is prosperous. It is a world famous expo city, book city and Music City 。 Every spring and autumn International Exposition It is held here. The great musician Bach Thomas kirche He has served as music director for more than 20 years. The city's famous Gewandhaus Symphony Orchestra has a history of more than 200 years.^[2]

Leipzig

Urban history

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Leipzig

The name "Leipzig Castle" was first mentioned in a document in 1015. In 1165, a market was established here. This date is considered as the city building day, and two large commercial gatherings will be held every year thereafter; Issued by 1268 Charter , make Leipzig Bazaar More standardized, becoming the embryonic form of the Expo.

In 1409, University of Leipzig Founded, Leipzig began to become publishing The development process of the Center, which was established in 1912 National Library of Germany Location of. Since 1497, Leipzig has been allowed to carry out exhibitions. In 1507, Holy Roman Emperor Maximilian I An imperial edict was issued, stipulating that 15 Delhi Enjoy the market within the scope of Priority 。 Since then, Leipzig has become increasingly prominent as a trade fair, and eventually developed into a world famous city of expositions. Leipzig Book Fair It is one of the largest book trade fairs in the world. Johann Sebastian Bach He worked in St. Thomas Church in Leipzig from 1723 to 1750.

In 1813, Leipzig became Napoleonic Wars Medium famous Battle of Leipzig (also known as the "national campaign"), Napoleon By Prussia Austria and Russia The allied forces of. In order to commemorate the 100th anniversary of this battle, Germany established the "Monument to the War of Nations" (V ö lkerschlachtdenkmal) in 1913.

Leipzig was once the terminal of the first long-distance railway in Germany, which was built in 1838 from Leipzig to the capital of Saxony Dresden Leipzig later became China Europe Railway An important hub in transportation. The building of Leipzig Station also enjoys reputation and has become the largest passenger station in Europe.

In 1863, Ferdinand LaSalle established Germany's first labor party in Leipzig—— All German Workers' Federation （Allgemeiner Deutscher Arbeiterverein）。 In 1920s, French chemist Konzern established a huge chemical and petroleum industry complex in Leuna (de: Leuna) near Leipzig. During the Second World War, Leipzig was heavily bombed by the Allies, and on April 20, 1945, it was the 60th place for the US military Infantry Division Occupation.

From 1952 to 1990, Leipzig German Democratic Republic The capital of Leipzig. In 1989 Honecker Large-scale mass protests by the regime. After the unification of Germany, Leipzig developed rapidly, with more than 500000 residents.

Leipzig is one of the cities applying to host the 2012 Olympic Games.

museum

Dimitrov Museum

Leipzig

Dimitrov The museum was originally Germany in 1933 fascist The Leipzig court where Dimitrov was tried. This is an ancient building. It was built at the end of the 19th century. It was German Empire The seat of the Supreme Court. There is a tall statue of Dimitrov in the hall of the museum, and a large number of photos and precious objects about Dimitrov are arrayed in the museum.

Mother of the Expo

Leipzig

Leipzig was first recorded in historical records as a fortress in 1015. It was founded in 1160. It is located on the important trade routes from east to west and from south to north in Europe, and has become a commercial center since the Middle Ages, 19th century modern industry It began to develop and became famous in the early 20th century international trade centre 。 In 1939, the population reached 700000. At that time, it was the largest city in central Germany and one of the largest industrial and commercial centers in the country. Leipzig is located Central Europe The main traffic route, as early as the Middle Ages, was the East and the West Trade Centre 。 Commercial fairs began to appear in 1170, which is the predecessor of Leipzig Expo. In the 15th century, Leipzig Expo has become a European country commodity exchange Center of. During the Second World War, most of the facilities of the Expo were destroyed and the exchange of goods stopped for a while. It resumed in 1946 after the war.

The exhibition room of Leipzig Expo covers an area of 350000 square meters and is held twice a year: the Spring Expo in March industrial product And comprehensive products; Autumn Expo in September light industry Goods and various consumer goods. The first sample exposition (1895) and the first technology exposition (1918) were held in Leipzig. Now in Leipzig, you can see a sign like this, with two capital M overlapping, which is the symbol of "sample exhibition". Leipzig has an alias -“ exposition Mother ".

Manufacturing industry

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Leipzig

Industry Machinery manufacturing Mainly engaged in production printing, agriculture textile machinery And precision instruments. There are also chemical, electronic, textile and leather sectors. Central South Important Railway junction 。 There is a railway leading to Berlin 、 Dresden as well as poland 、 Czechoslovakia and Federal Germany 。 science Cultural city , with Karl Marx University (founded in 1409, renamed in 1953) and colleges of music, drama, fine arts, sports, etc., Saxony Academy of Sciences, Geography and Earth ecology Research Institute, etc.

It has 250 libraries of various types, the largest of which is Die Deutsche Bibliothek (built in 1912) and the largest educational library in Europe - Comannis Library (built in 1871). yes Lenin Museums and Dimitrov Museums, etc. Leipzig with a history of more than 800 years International Exposition It is held here in spring and autumn every year. Since 1955, a newsreel film festival has been held every year. The city has the 12th century St. Thomas Church And the 16th century city hall And other historic buildings. The urban area is centered on Karl Marx Square, and the streets are in a ring radial structure. The west is an industrial zone, and the south is an administrative agency and service industry range 。

Printing Center

Leipzig is also a famous "book city". As early as the beginning of the 15th century, it was already German speaking Publishing and printing Center. printing publishing It has a long history, the first edition in 1481 Movable typesetting It has been the center of German printing and publishing industry for more than 500 years. There are more than 100 in the city printing plant 38 publishing houses, accounting for half of the total number of publishing houses in China. There are many bookstores in the city, known as the "Book City". Since 1914, Leipzig has regularly held international book exhibitions every year. The International Book Fair is held in the exhibition building in the center of the city bookseller And publishers gathered here to participate in the exhibition. The Leipzig National Library has collected all the books published since 1914 German Book is a castle built in 825 BC.

City of Music

Leipzig Map

Leipzig is famous City of Music The earliest large-scale concert hall in Germany was established in 1743. Bach, the great composer, once worked in St. Thomas Church in the city《 sacred music 》And the Passion of Jesus premiered in Leipzig. Bach's carefully cultivated Thomas Choir still enjoys a good reputation in the world. The Bach Memorial near the church recorded his life dedicated to music, especially his activities in Leipzig. In 1843, another outstanding musician Mendelssohn founded a conservatory here and served as the dean himself. In memory of him, people named this world-famous school Mendelssohn Conservatory of Music. The famous Gewandhaus Symphony Orchestra It has a history of more than 200 years. The residents of Leipzig are very fond of music and almost can play violin And other musical instruments. This is the birthplace of German concerts. There are always many outdoor concerts in summer.

Tourism Introduction

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Altes Rathaus

Leipzig

Originally built by Hyronimus Lotter in 1556, it is the most important Renaissance Architecture One is that it took only 9 months to build. In 1774, the church tower was renovated. the Second World War All buildings were destroyed in the air raid of the 19th century, and the existing ones were rebuilt after the war. The interior is Leipzig museum , open to the public. In addition to the church icons burned by the war Urban model In addition to other materials and relics, there is a special exhibition room upstairs. The entrance is on the second floor, where you can find some interesting information about the history of Leipzig. Brown red at the bottom Stone Masonry Arcade There are some shops that sell souvenirs and cigarettes. used city hall Behind is the market square, where there are young people Goethe statue. In the center of the Old Town Square is the old Neues Rathaus Altes Rathaus, built in 1557, is one of the most beautiful Renaissance buildings in Germany. It is now a city history museum 。 It is divided into three layers, the bottom is the arcade built with brownish red stone, the middle is the simple yellow wall, and the top is the red tile sloping roof. There are also six elegant high lofts on the roof, and the towering bell tower in the middle of the loft is the central symbol of the square. With its beautiful appearance, this building has become one of the most beautiful Renaissance buildings in Germany.

Old Town Hall of Leipzig There is a snack square behind, Vendor Gather together, the citizens are here for leisure shopping, and the flower market in the market is full of vitality. In the north of the market, there is a delicate white building with two floors Building height At first sight, it is not impressive, but it is the most "valuable" building. It used to be a negotiation Trade building Businessmen who used to participate in the Expo signed contracts here.

Looking east from the square, a tall tower is University of Leipzig 。 It is recorded in the school register Lessing , Wagner Goethe Name of. The Leibniz Monument in front of the university building is in memory of the famous scholar who studied here.

Leipzig

south Skyline Towering up Russia Memory Church and Monument to the Battle of Leipzig , reminding people to remember the soldiers who died to defeat Napoleon in the Leipzig National Congress on October 18, 1813.

with Dresden Similarly, Leipzig is also famous for its music. The development of music and drama in Leipzig is the great music that once grew up in Leipzig, such as Wagner, Mendelssohn and Schumann Cannot be divided equally. The world-renowned Bougainvillea Orchestra, the Tomana Chorus where Bach was the music director, and the first German Conservatory founded by Mendelssohn in Leipzig are the pride of this city.

Built in about 1165, St. Nicolai Church is located in the east and west and the north and south Trade routes The intersection of the medieval wholesalers and Traders Built by Nicholas, the god of protection. Today, it is still located in the Office building Welcome visitors from all over the world.

Seen from the west, the church was originally built in Romanesque style architectural style 。 At the beginning of the 16th century, it successively expanded and built a Gothic church hall, which has been preserved. The three minarets built in 1932 have always been regarded as Baroque Building. It was used again in 1902 Sandstone The exterior of the church was renovated. The interior of the church is even more fascinating. It was built by the architect J C. In 1784 and 1797, F. Daute reconstructed the French style into classical style. This renovation proves the high cultural standards and self-confidence of the citizens of Leipzig.

Leipzig

Inside the church coconut tree The design of the shaped pillar is very impressive, ceiling The ornate decoration, patterns and the long rows of seats in the church are also very prominent. Artist A F. Oeser created three paintings for the church, which were displayed on the porch and the temple. The angel of peace on the altar is very rare. The New Testament Bible was displayed in the temple. Jesus was described as the teacher of human beings (south) and the incredible son of God (north). These two basic pictures of Jesus were different at that time and now.

The pulpit, baptism plate and altar are very luxurious: the whole interior is the best example of Germany's outstanding art and technology. Four F.'s in the church Pfeiffer Alabaster The relief sculpture is also a very special work of art, and the scene of Jesus' journey through difficulties it shows is also unique.

In the temple, the late Roman wooden cross is also the oldest work of art in Leipzig. When the church changed to Leipzig, it became protestant Of church Bach served as choir Of organ The active performers and conductors here have become a shining point in the history of this church. Its famous works are played here in the first world.

The interior and exterior of Germany's most important architectural monument were renovated in 1968. The prayer meeting held every Monday in the church later developed into a democratic movement, which was held in 1989 The fall of the Berlin Wall The first big step.

Thomas kirche

Leipzig

Leipzig City Hall Square On a quiet street corner behind stands Bach's Thomas kirche choir (Thomanerchor) Church, which was founded in the 13th century and evolved into the present in 1702. Thomas Church was also rebuilt after the war, where the remains of Bach, the music master, were placed. From 1723 to 1750, Bach took the post of Organ Teacher and chorus conductor. And then it was born《 Matthew's Passion 》And so on. Bach's cemetery is in front of the main altar in the church (at the right end of the entrance). The master devoted his life to music, and after his death he was immersed in eternal creation - the church interior was decorated with the ancient musical instruments of the Thomas Chorus. Gothic windowed Stained glass It depicts Martin Luther, Bach and the First World War The victims in. When a beam of sunlight shines through the narrow colored window onto the bronze coffin lid engraved with the name of Johann Sebastian Bach cello Or broken leather drum Suddenly, it seems to have a life, Yingying Ground flash Shining. Information about Bach and Thomas churches can be found in the shop next to the statue of Bach in the church courtyard. If you are lucky, you can attend their exercises on weekends. Bach Museum （Johann-Sebastian-Bach-Museum）　 Johann Sebastian Bach The museum is located near the former site of St. Thomas School. Bach worked and lived in the choir of St. Thomas School in Leipzig from 1723 to his death. In the 16th century, it was on the back floor of an old shop. Although it was completely reshaped and expanded by the merchant Georg Heinrich in the 18th century, the house still retains the original structure of the prominent porch and powerful dome since 1586. There are many Bach documents, musical instruments and furniture in the museum. The pavilion has four main themes:

Leipzig

Room 1, Johann Sebastian Bach – St. Thomas School Choir Class

Room 2, Johann Sebastian Bach – music instruction

Room 3, Bach's family

Room 4, Bach and his influence

The museum was completely renovated and expanded in the year of Bach in 2000. In each room, there are auxiliary listening machines and earphones for visitors according to different subjects. In the last hall of the museum is a TV studio where interested tourists can watch movies about Bach's life and work. Some Bach music and art events can also be used under reservation slide Explain.

Concert Hall

Leipzig

Leipzig Concert Hall yes philharmonic orchestra The base camp of. The orchestra plays High level It enjoys high reputation. As a folk orchestra, it is the oldest in the world. Mendelssohn Peter Ilyich Tchaikovsky , Wagner, Strauss and others have shown their talents on the stage here. Destroyed during the war, the beautiful modern concert hall was rebuilt in 1981. When there is a concert, it's better to go there anyway.

Monument to the Victory over Napoleon

The "Monument to the Victory of Napoleon" is located in the suburbs of Leipzig and is one of the famous buildings in Leipzig, Official name It is the "Monument of National War". This monument commemorates the victory over Napoleon's army Battle of Leipzig It was built by coalition soldiers killed in battle. In October 1813, Prussia 、 Russia and Sweden The Allied Forces of the Three Kingdoms were defeated in Leipzig Napoleon The army. It is said that Prussia in the same year Wang Zeng It was proposed to erect a monument to the 12000 soldiers, 22000 Russian soldiers and more than 300 Swedish soldiers who died in the war. However, the construction plan was delayed for 85 years due to the lack of national treasury at that time. It was not until 1898 that construction began, and it was completed and unveiled in 1913. The monument is 91 meters high, all of which are made of large pieces Granite The monument is decorated with huge relief figures. The whole view of Leipzig can be seen from the 50 stone stairs.

Blind Park

There is a famous Blind Park Covering an area of 6.5 hectares, it mainly serves the blind and is equipped with safe facilities for tactile perception, auditory perception, olfactory perception and other activities. Most of the scenery in the park is round, and the roads in the park are paved with special methods. The blind people do not need walking sticks, but can identify the way with their feet. Stone reliefs placed in the park can help blind people identify directions.

Central court

Leipzig Central Stadium Completed in December 2003, this 45000 seat stadium is dedicated to 2006 World Cup Built. There are 4 matches in 2006 World Cup Group competition And a top 16 competition in Leipzig. Leipzig Central Court fits perfectly FIFA The detailed rules formulated include meeting the requirements of full seat court. The advanced emergency evacuation system can better ensure the safety of the audience. Local specialties: Zeiss binoculars, Rolleiflex and Leica cameras, Zwelling knives, tin wax products, Meissen porcelain, wool products, Aigner and other brand leather goods Music box , woodcut Pelikan and MontBlanc 's pen.

Food and beverage

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Juniper nut sauce , Fill Pear Child Chicory Walnut kernel salad 、 Wine Stain carp Fish, roasted meat trout Film champagne 、 Beer , wine Ham Pickled pork chops Salted Pork Feet , various kinds of cake food sausage And meat paste.

Traffic Guide

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aviation

Leipzig

Direct flights from China to Germany can only be stopped in general Frankfurt Airport, 10 hours direct from Beijing to Frankfurt. If you want to fly to Leipzig, you need to transfer from Frankfurt. Leipzig Halle The airport is located 18 kilometers northwest of Leipzig, near Schkeuditz expressway , Road Selection Expressway A14 And A19.

Railway

The most convenient way to travel to Germany is by train. ICE (inter city express) is the fastest train in Germany, with a speed of up to 300 kilometers per hour, followed by IC and EC. Leipzig Railway Station is one of the largest and most modern railway stations in Europe, and also an attractive shopping and Service Centre 。 The whole railway station is divided into three floors. The bottom floor and the middle floor are shopping and service centers, with a large number of stores distributed. The top floor is Transportation Center 。

highway

Leipzig has a well-developed highway network. When German vehicles drive on the right, pay attention to the following speed restrictions: Recommended speed 130 km/h, 100 km/h in suburban areas, 50 km/h in urban areas. stay German highway When driving on the road, you should distinguish the fast lane from the slow lane. The 60km slow lane is on the far right. Large trucks and container trucks often drive on this lane.

bus

There are trams and buses to choose from. Sightseeing boat: at Ulster Lake You can take a cruise ship. The cruise ship dock is in Jurngfernstieg, only 10 minutes away from the railway station. There are different routes to choose from. The cost is 10 euros.

taxi

It is convenient to take a taxi on the street or at the entrance of the railway station and hotel. The majority of taxis are yellow Mercedes Benz cars, and the fare starts at about 2 or 3 euros, increasing by kilometers.

Famous universities

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University of Leipzig

Leipzig

University of Leipzig (University ä t Leipzig) in Germany Saxony Leipzig, founded in 1409, is a European The oldest university It is also the second oldest university in Germany, second only to Heidelberg University (1386), two other universities were founded before the University of Leipzig University of Cologne (1388-1798, rebuilt in 1919) and Uni Erfurt (1392-1816, rebuilt in 1994) were closed and reopened. From 1953 to 1991, the University of Leipzig was named "Leipzig Karl Marx University ". After nearly 600 years of uninterrupted teaching and scientific research since its establishment, the University of Leipzig has grown to 14 departments and more than 150 research institutes, with 29668 registered students (winter semester 2006). It is the largest university in Leipzig and the second largest university in Saxony. Famous alumni include Leibniz 、 Goethe 、 Nietzsche 、 historian Leopold von Ranke , Jean Paul, etc. 1879 German physiologist Wilhelm Wundt When he was a professor of philosophy at the University of Leipzig, he established the first psychological laboratory, which marked that Modern Psychology The beginning of. Medical specialty It is the most famous major of the University of Leipzig.

Leipzig

In Europe, in addition to the existing universities, the new universities in the 13th century were all initiated and set up by the Pope. In the 14th century, monarchs around Europe started their own universities, but they still had to be recognized by the Pope. The number of European universities increased rapidly. From 1378 to 1417, there was a great schism in the church, which had a profound impact on the political territory of Europe and the layout of universities. Because of the great division of the church, teachers and students from all over Europe who originally gathered in Paris took a clear stand on the side of the pope supported by all over the country, with sharp national opposition and religious belief The conflict led to a large number of German teachers and students leaving the University of Paris to return to their hometown, which contributed to the emergence of a large number of universities in Germany. With the strong support of the Pope, there was a movement to build new universities in the German speaking area in the second half of the 14th century New University Were granted special dispensations by the Pope. 1409 Prague charles university The same split occurred, and many teachers and students in Prague returned to Germany as a result. In this context, Thuringia Marquis Fangbo Wettin Dynasty Marquis Bianbo, later Saxony elector Frederick I （Friedrich I. ( Sachsen ）, April 11, 1370 – January 4, 1428) and his younger brother William II, the Marquis of Frontier of the Witting Dynasty (April 23, 1371 – March 30, 1425) founded the University of Leipzig in 1409, which was then called Alma mater Lipsiensis art department After receiving the teachers and students who returned from Prague, Leipzig University received great support from the local rulers, and was recognized by Pope Alexander V on September 9 of the same year. It was officially established on December 2. Later, the Medical Department (1415) and Law Department (1446).

In the following centuries, the University of Leipzig sustained development , established a new department, and once became the largest university in Germany. The teachers and students of Leipzig University participated in the March Revolution in Germany in 1848. 1923 Saxony Royal Family Veterinary school He moved to Leipzig from Dresden and became the veterinary department of Leipzig University.

In the early 20th century, the right-wing conservatism of teachers and students of Leipzig University was on the rise, German November Revolution (1918-1919) At the request of the president, the students took down the red flag on the main building of the university and hung the flag of the Weiting Dynasty. because Weimar government Signed in 1919 Treaty of Versailles Caused by Kapp Putsch During this period, student volunteers from the University of Leipzig occupied the city center and shot at the opponents of Karp. In 1931, the University of Leipzig state socialism （ nazi ）The student organization won the election of the university student organization. In 1933, more than 100 professors jointly supported Hitler's coming to power. After the outbreak of the Second World War, Leipzig University became one of the four "great German" universities allowed to continue teaching. World War II At the end, 60% of the buildings and 70% of the books in the University of Leipzig were destroyed. The University reopened on February 5, 1946. Since then, the University has been rebuilt and expanded in succession. The university gate has been honored as the "Prussian Classicist" Karl Friedrich Schinkel Design. By the time of the 600th anniversary of the University in 2009, the downtown campus will be completely completed.

The University of Leipzig was renamed "Leipzig Karl Marx University" in 1953, and changed back in 1991.

Leipzig

Leipzig University is located in Saxony in the east of Germany. It is the second university in the state, second only to Dresden University of Technology 。 At the beginning of the university, there were four colleges, namely, art, medicine, law and theology. For six hundred years, the University of Leipzig has never stopped teaching and research and enjoys a high reputation in the world. The University of Leipzig has never stopped teaching and research and enjoys a high reputation internationally. Many famous scholars in China, such as Cai Yuanpei Zhou Peiyuan Lin Yutang 、 Gu Hongming He has taught or studied at the University of Leipzig. The University of Leipzig has 14 colleges and more than 100 research institutes. The University of Leipzig and more than 100 universities around the world academic exchange Agreement, which fully reflects the international reputation of the University of Leipzig. University of Leipzig Curriculum It is very extensive, with 172 disciplines in total. Education background science and engineering Master, Master of Arts and Teacher Certificate 。 The university has 18000 students (including more than 1500 international students). In the 1980s, the University of Leipzig had 12000 students, and the number of students has been increasing since then. By the 1990s, the number of students majoring in law, economics and trade had tripled or quadrupled. The number of students at the University of Leipzig will further increase in the future. The students are autonomous and have their own committees. Students have an immeasurable influence on the academic life of the school. The medical school, library and collection of the University of Leipzig are most famous. There are many famous people in the history of the university. When you open the complete student register of the University of Leipzig, you can see many famous names: Hutten 、 Minzel Agricola, Tycho, Leibniz, Lessing, Goethe Fichte 、 Novalis 、 Schumann Wagner, Nietzsche, Kastner Weitzzek Etc. Nobel Prize Winners Heisenberg and Ostwald came here to give lectures at the beginning of this century.

The University of Leipzig has a large number of teaching buildings, a computer center Audio-visual Center , sports center, language center, library, laboratories of various disciplines, sports and entertainment facilities, medical school nuclear magnetic resonance laboratory.

Handelshochschule Leipzig

Handelshochschule Leipzig (Leipzig Graduate School of Management in English, Handelshochschool Leipzig in German, HHL Leipzig for short), also known as Leipzig Graduate School of Management, is a private business school located in Leipzig, Saxony, Germany. Leipzig Business School, founded in 1898, is the oldest business school in German speaking area. Leipzig Business School is the first private business school in Germany to win the university status, and has the right to award doctoral and postdoctoral degrees. It is also the first one in Germany to pass AACSB (International Association of Higher Business Schools) accredited German private business schools (April 2004). The school has more than 300 students, with a teacher student ratio of 1:5.

philharmonic orchestra

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Introduction to the Orchestra

In 1843, Mendelssohn founded the first music institute in Germany in Leipzig classical music A complete set based on musical art Education system , forming the so-called“ Leipzig music school ”And cultivate a large number of excellent professional talents.

Leipzig College Symphony Orchestra Founded by Horst Foerster in 1954, the orchestra consists of current and former alumni, lecturers and professors from the University of Leipzig and various departments of the college. They are music lovers. Some important voice parts in the orchestra are played by young professional musicians.

After 54 years of art, the orchestra enjoys a high reputation in China. Since 1958, the orchestra has held six concerts every year. Since 1981, these concerts have been performed in the Vanderhaus Concert Hall in Leipzig, and now they have successfully performed more than 190 times, with nearly 350000 audiences.

Orchestra achievements

Before the revolution in 1989, the orchestra held performances in neighboring countries, such as Bulgaria 、 Romania 、 Hungary 、 Czechoslovakia and poland 。 Orchestra footprints have spread around the world , on Austria , France, Spain Italy 、 Norway 、 Canada , the United States, Japan and other countries have successfully held Symphonic concert 。

Orchestra in Leipzig City of Music It has its own place. In addition to some well-known concert works, it also adds some works that are not known or forgotten. Many young performers with international reputation have successfully cooperated with the orchestra. College Concert in Leipzig and even Saxony Of Music activities It plays a very important role in.

Introduction to Orchestra Conductor

Horst Foerster， Born in Leipzig, in the famous Leipzig Conservatoire He received early music education, majoring in conducting and musicology. The good local music atmosphere has had a profound impact on his career. Later, he studied with the Moscow Symphony Orchestra Kyril Kondrashin St.Petersburg Masters such as Yevgeny Mravensky of the symphony orchestra and Arvid Jansons and Igor Markevitch of Weimar Conservatory of Music continued their studies. In 1954, Horst Foerster set up the Leipzig College Orchestra. Under his careful guidance, the Orchestra made remarkable progress Bach Festival And performed well on the stage. In 1964, he received a doctor's degree and Berlin Academy teach music history 。 In 1989, he was employed by Berlin Teaching director of Conservatory of Music. Since 1991, Dr. Foerster has become a free conductor and musician in Berlin. During the period, he won many national and municipal government awards for his outstanding contributions to music.

Get married in Nanjing

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On May 21, 1988, Nanjing The city was formed with Leipzig, a democratic German city at that time Sister city 。 Unification of Germany and Germany Later, in April 1994, Leipzig Mayor Rayman Gruber led a municipal government delegation to Nanjing, and Nanjing City The friendly cooperation agreement was re signed. Since then, in the 1990s, the two cities have had close and frequent exchanges, and have sent friendly delegations to exchange government visits for many times. Since this century, the two cities have carried out extensive cooperation in culture, education and exhibition.^[1]

In 2005, after being introduced by the Leipzig Municipal Government nanjing arts institute The Bach Art Center was jointly established and the first concert was held in October 2006.^[1]

In 2007, Leipzig held the "Nanjing Day" activity and achieved good response. In October of the same year, the then mayor of Leipzig led a trade delegation to visit Nanjing and successfully held the "Leipzig Trade Promotion Conference".^[1]

In May 2008, Leipzig government organization A media delegation from social development More than 30 interviews or visits were conducted to dozens of relevant units in Nanjing.^[1]

In 2010, the main leaders of the then Nanjing Municipal Government visited Leipzig and investigated the Leipzig Auto Show.^[1]

At the invitation of Nanjing, Leipzig sent a delegation of citizens to China in 2013 to participate in the "Golden Rooster Lake Dragon Boat Festival International Dragon Boat Race" organized by the Propaganda Department of the Provincial Party Committee, and jointly organized the theme of "Encounter" with the Nanjing Foreign Publicity Office Culture Salon 。 In December of the same year, Vice Mayor of Nanjing Hu Wanjin The delegation visited Leipzig and inspected St. George's Hospital in Leipzig. The hospital and Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital It has friendly cooperative relations. In addition, the Leipzig Municipal Government has sent representatives to Nanjing for many times Famous Historical and Cultural City Expo.^[1]

City Honor

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December 26, 2019, ranked 2019 Global Top 500 Cities No. 340 on the list.^[3]

In April 2020, it was selected into the "2020 World Famous Summer Cities".^[4]

Main leaders

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Mayor: Burkhard Jung^[5]

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