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Fan Shoukang (1894-1983), a modern scholar.The characters are allowed to be Zang.People from Shangyu, Zhejiang.In 1913, he went to Japan to study at Imperial University in Tokyo and obtained a master's degree.In 1923, he returned to China and served as the editor of philosophy education of Shanghai Business Compilation Institute, professor and secretary-general of Sun Yat sen University, president of Shangyu Chunhui Middle School, professor of Anhui University and dean of the College of Arts, professor of Wuhan University, director of the Department of Education Philosophy of the College of Arts, and other teaching posts.After the victory of the Anti Japanese War, he went to Taiwan to serve as the Director of the Education Department of the Office of the Chief Executive, and later served as the Professor of the Department of Philosophy and Librarian of the Faculty of Arts of Taiwan University.In 1982, he returned to the mainland and settled down. In the same year, he was elected as a member of the Standing Committee of the Fifth CPPCC National Committee.In aesthetic thought, influenced by Japanese scholar Abe Jiro, he believed that the object of beauty was a subjective image composed of sensory materials.Therefore, we are opposed to taking works of art as the object of pure beauty, and emphasize that works of art are really just the basis of the object of beauty. Only those who understand works of art can truly grasp their real value.At the same time, from the starting point of Ripes' "empathy theory", he proposed that "the so-called beauty is the positive emotion transfer", "the so-called beauty attitude is nothing more than the self's life transfer into the object, and the so-called life in consciousness can be said to be nothing more than emotion; therefore, we can say that the attitude of beauty is nothing more than the attitude of emotion transfer" (Introduction to Aesthetics).The reality of beauty exists in the contemplation of beauty, which can isolate all practical utilitarianism, thus bringing emotion into a kind of "beauty depth". This emphasis on the aesthetics of subject's life emotion is similar to Lu Cheng and Zong Baihua.He has written General Theory of the History of Chinese Philosophy, Zhu Zi and His Philosophy, Outline of Educational Philosophy, Introduction to Aesthetics, etc.[1]
Fan Shoukang (1896~1983).Chinese educator and philosophy historian.A native of Shangyu, Zhejiang Province, studied in Japan in 1913. He studied medicine first and then pedagogy and philosophy.During his stay in Japan, he also read the works of Marx and Engels.In 1920, he contributed to Oriental Magazine and published Marx's Historical Materialism.In 1922, he returned to China and engaged in editing and teaching.With the outbreak of the Anti Japanese War and the second cooperation between the Kuomintang and the Communist Party, Fan Shoukang was invited by Guo Moruo to serve as the Deputy Director General of the Third Office and Director General of the Seventh Department of the Military Commission.After the victory of the War of Resistance Against Japan, at the invitation of the Chief Executive of Taiwan, Chen Yizhi, he went to Taiwan to participate in the reception work and served as the Director of the Education Department of the Office of the Chief Executive.After the liberation of the whole country, we can move back to the mainland in the future and stay in Taiwan to continue teaching.He left Taiwan in 1981 and returned to the mainland to settle down the following year.Fan Shoukang loved his motherland and devoted his whole life to progressive cultural and educational undertakings.He has studied education, philosophy and the history of Chinese and Western philosophy, and has written many books.His works on aesthetics include Introduction to Aesthetics, Essence of Art, etc.[2]
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In aesthetics, Fan Shoukang accepted the influence of Lips and believed in "empathy theory".His "Introduction to Aesthetics" and "Essence of Art" were both written in the mode of Lipps' "empathy theory".He believes that beauty or the essence of beauty lies not in the objective object itself, nor in subjective thought and will, but in the relationship between subject and object.When an object is called "beauty", it is because it has moved into our feelings, so that the object has the same life activities and personality spirit as us.Therefore, to understand the essence of beauty and grasp the particularity of beauty, we must start from the "experience of beauty".The so-called "experience of beauty" consists of two aspects: "the object of beauty" and "the attitude of beauty".The objective object should conform to the principles of formal beauty, such as "the unity of diversity", "the differentiation of communication", "the subordination of monarch", etc. The subject should transcend the interests and quietly illuminate the intuitive object, so as to make the object become one, and then beauty is the "experience of beauty".Many people often regard works of art and natural things as objects of beauty. Fan Shoukang believes this is a misunderstanding.He believes that works of art and natural things are just a kind of material to form beauty, not beauty itself;Beauty or art is just an expression, an intuitive activity, and the key is whether the subject can have a beautiful attitude.
Fan Shoukang was an earlier person engaged in aesthetic teaching, and his Introduction to Aesthetics was also a more detailed book published earlier.This book, "Introduction to Aesthetics", fully discusses the category of beauty, especially the "ugliness" as an aesthetic category, and unifies the opposition with beauty, which has a profound dialectical thought.[2]
