Amaranth red, also known as acid red 27, food red 2 and cockscomb red, is an organic compound with the chemical formula CtwentyHelevenNtwoNathreeOtenSthreeIt is a water-soluble azo colorant. It is stipulated in China that amaranth red can be used for coloring fruit flavored water, fruit flavor powder, fruit juice, soda, mixed wine, candy, color packaging on cakes, red and green silk, canned food, concentrated fruit juice, green plum, etc.
On October 27, 2017, the list of carcinogens released by the International Agency for Research on Cancer of the World Health Organization (WHO) was preliminarily sorted out for reference, and amaranth was included in the list of category 3 carcinogens.[1]
Solubility: soluble in water, soluble in glycerin and propylene glycol, slightly soluble in ethanol, insoluble in oil[2]
chemical property
The maximum absorption wavelength of amaranth is 520nm ± 2nm. It has poor bacterial resistance and good acid resistance. It is stable to citric acid, tartaric acid, etc., and turns dark red in case of alkali.Contact with copper, iron and other metals is easy to fade and be decomposed by bacteria.Resistance to oxidation and poor reduction.
Amaranth is purple in concentrated sulfuric acid and pink after dilution;Bright red in concentrated nitric acid;It is brown in hydrochloric acid, with black precipitation.Due to its sensitivity to oxidation reduction, it is not suitable for use in fermented food.If the pigment content in the product is high, the pigment powder tends to be black.Due to the influence of powder state or moisture, even for the same batch of products, the color of the powder may be somewhat different, but if the concentration of the prepared solution is the same, the color of the solution is certain.Amaranth has weak coloring power.
Calculate chemical data
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Number of hydrogen bond donors: 1
Number of hydrogen bond receptors: 12
Number of rotatable chemical bonds: 2
Number of tautomers: 3
Topological molecule polar surface area (TPSA): 213
Number of heavy atoms: 38
Surface charge: 0
Complexity: 1200
Number of isotope atoms: 0
Determine the number of atomic structure centers: 0
Number of uncertain atomic structure centers: 0
Determine the number of chemical bond stereocenters: 1
Number of uncertain chemical bond structure centers: 0
Number of covalent bond units: 4[2]
purpose
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According to China's Hygienic Standard for the Use of Food Additives (GB2760-1996), amaranth can be used in hawthorn products, cherry products, fruit flavored drinks, fruit juice drinks, soft drinks, mixed wine, candy, pastry color packaging, red and green silk, canned food, concentrated fruit juice, green plum, and shrimp slices, with a maximum use of 0.05g/kg.When synthetic colorants are used together, they should be converted in proportion to the maximum amount used. The amount of red and green silk can be doubled. The amount of fruit powder colorants should be added at 50% of the dilution ratio. Infant milk substitutes should not be used.
the way to distinguish
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1. 0.1g of this product is dissolved in 100mL of water, showing rose red solution.
2. This product is slightly soluble in ethanol and insoluble in oil. It has the characteristics of acid dyes and can make animal fibers colored.
3. 100mL0.02mol/L ammonium acetate solution containing 0.001g of this product has a maximum absorption wavelength of 520 ± 2nm.
4. Take the aqueous solution of this product and perform paper chromatography. The Rf value of the main color point should be the same as that of the standard sample.
