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There are two main types of transport proteins on the cell membrane, namely:Carrier protein(carrierprotein) andChannel protein（channelprotein）。Carrier protein is also called carrierPermeating enzyme(permease) andTransporter(transporter), which can combine with specific solute·
The solute bound to it is transferred to the other side of the membrane through the change of its own conformation,Carrier proteinSome need energy to drive, such as: all kinds of APT drivenIon pump；Some do not need energy and transport materials in a free diffusion way, such as:Valinase。
Protein properties
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Channel proteins are weakly bound to the transported substances. They can form hydrophilic channels. When the channels are opened, they can allow specific solutes to pass through. All channel proteins transport solutes in a free diffusion manner.
