Lipid raft

Microdomains rich in cholesterol and sphingomyelin on plasma membrane

Lipid raft is plasma membrane Upper rich cholesterol and Sphingomyelin Micro of Domain （microdomain）。 About 70nm in size, it is a dynamic structure, located outside the plasma membrane Small page 。

Chinese name: Lipid raft
Foreign name: lipid raft
Main components: Cholesterol Sphingomyelin

Size: 70nm
Location: Outer leaflet of plasma membrane
major function: And membrane signal transduction Protein sorting of

catalog

Basic Introduction

Announce

edit

Lipid raft (2 sheets)

Because sphingomyelin has a longer Saturated fatty acid Chain, Intermolecular force Stronger, so these Regional structure Dense, between disordered liquid and liquid crystal, is called liquid ordered. Under low temperature, these areas can resist the extraction of non-ionic detergent, so they are also called detergent resistant membranes (DRMs). Lipid rafts are like a platform for protein parking, which is associated with membrane signal transduction Protein sorting Are closely related.

Fat raft angle

Announce

edit

Membrane protein It can be divided into three categories: ① protein ； Including Glycophosphatidylinositol Anchored Protein (GPI anchored protein ）, some Transmembrane protein , Hedgehog protein, diacetyl Double acylated protein, such as: Non receptor tyrosine kinase Src、 G protein G α of Subunit 、 vascular endothelial cell Of Nitric oxide synthase （NOS）；② Proteins in the disordered liquid phase outside the lipid raft; ③ Proteins between the two, for example, some proteins are not received ligand The affinity for lipid rafts is low, and will be transferred to lipid rafts when oligomerization occurs when ligands are combined.

Lipid raft cholesterol Like glue, it has Saturated fatty acid Chained Sphingomyelin High affinity, but Unsaturated fatty acid Low affinity of chain Methyl - β - cyclodextrin (methyl - β - cyclodextrin) cholesterol removal, anti Detergent The protein becomes easy to extract. The sphingomyelin in the membrane is mainly located outside Small page And most of them are involved in the formation of lipid rafts.

It is estimated that the area of the lipid raft may occupy the membrane Surface area More than half of. The size of the lipid raft can be adjusted, and small independent lipid rafts may keep Signal protein It plays an important role in the closed state. When necessary, these small lipid rafts will be assembled into a large platform Signal molecule (such as receptors) will meet their accessories and start signal transmission Approaches. as Allergen (allergen) is able to mast cells or Basophil cell surface IgE antibody and its receptor bridging Get up to form a larger lipid raft, and the receptor is covered by Lyn (a Non receptor tyrosine kinase ）Phosphorylation starts downstream signal transduction and finally triggers Anaphylactic reaction 。

Cave like invagination

Announce

edit

(caveolae) has the same Membranous lipid Composition, excluding Clathrate protein (clayrin), containing caveolin (a small molecular weight protein, 21KD). A large number of fat cells 、 epithelial cells and smooth muscle cell 。 This structure is related to the Endocytosis Related, other acupoints Invagination It is also rich in some Signal molecule , indicating that it is related to cell signal transduction.

Novice on the road

Growth task Getting Started with Editing Edit Rule Edit by myself

I have questions

Content query Online Service Official post bar Feedback

Complaints and suggestions

Report bad information Failed to appeal through entries Complaint of infringement information Blocking query and unblocking

Jinggong Network Anbei No. 1100000200001