Nephrotoxicity, drug induced nephrotoxic reaction.kidneytoxicityThe clinical manifestations vary in severity, and the earliest symptoms may be proteinuria andTubular urine, which can then occurAzotemia. Renal function decline, which may occur in severe casesacute renal failureanduremiaEtc.
Definition: Drug induced kidneyToxic reaction。The kidney is the main excretory organ of the body and is particularly vulnerable to the influence of drugs. Some drugs can have direct toxic effects on the kidney orAnaphylactic reactioncauseKidney injury。
Common Western Medicine
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It is common clinically and can damage the kidneyToxic reactionThere are mainly the following drugs:
For traditional Chinese medicinetoxicityNearly 50 kinds of traditional Chinese medicines have been found to be toxic to the kidney.Summing upKidney damageThere are three kinds of traditional Chinese medicine.
In clinical practice, there are various drugs that can cause drug-induced kidney damage. In addition to various western drugs, traditional Chinese medicines that people usually think have little side effects are also on the list.The clinical manifestations of drug-induced renal damage are various.Some will have low back pain;Some will change urine color;Some urine volume changes, but it can be more or less: sometimes the urine volume increases at night, and patients feel that they wake up more often than before, and some also find that the foam in urine is more than before, not as easy to dissipate as before;There are othersEyelidOr lower limb edema;Some even have anemia andhypertension；Some patients have non-specific manifestations, such as fatigueAnorexiaEtc;Of course, some people don't feel anything at all. They only found that there was something wrong with their kidneys due to the occasional physical examination or doctor's inspection.
It can be seen that routine and regular monitoring is also very important for those patients who have no symptoms of discomfort.It is recommended that after the use of drugs, if the patient has the above symptoms, he/she should go to a doctor in time to have a kidney disease related examination and, if necessary, a kidney testPuncture biopsy。
Sickness or not
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Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a disease with a high incidence. According to a survey among Beijing citizens, the incidence of CKD has reached about 10%, but the awareness rate is very low. Many patients do not know they have CKD.Experts remind that in fact, some very simple tests can help to screen for kidney disease.
First of all, routine urine examination is the simplest and most intuitive examination to reflect kidney disease.An ordinary routine urine test can detect 80-90% of kidney diseases, which is the basis of kidney disease examination.asUrine protein positiveRemind you may have nephritis, high blood pressure ordiabetic nephropathy , or kidney disease caused by tumor disease;Nitrite positivePrompt may existurinary tract infection；Positive urine glucose indicates high blood glucose level or renal tubular injury;Urinary ketone bodyPositive indicates fat decomposition, which is more common inHungry ketosis, orDiabetic ketosisHypertonic coma and other serious complications of diabetes;Urine red blood cellThe increase indicates nephritis or urinary tuberculosisstone, tumor and other diseases.The routine urine examination method is also very simple, as long as you go to the hospital to take a sufficient sample of fresh midstream urine, and morning urine is not required.
Secondly, if you want to check the kidney more comprehensively, you can further test the kidney function and do kidney B ultrasound.Renal function testIn various projects ofSerum creatinineIt is the most accurate reflection of renal function.Once the creatinine content in the blood is found to be increased, it indicates that the renal function has been seriously damaged;Kidney B ultrasound can observe the size, structure and shape of the kidney, and assist in the diagnosis of kidney stones, hydronephrosiscyst, tumor and other diseases, if the renal volume has shrunk under B-ultrasound, it also indicates that the renal function is seriously damaged.The renal function test requires vegetarian diet, avoiding strenuous exercise for 3 days, and fasting blood sampling in the morning;Simple kidney B ultrasound can be examined at any time.
preventive measure
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In order to protect the kidney better, some preventive measures should be taken to reduce the damage of drugs to the kidney.
Most antibiotics have varying degrees of nephrotoxicity
First of all, we must not abuse the ancestral secret recipe and folk prescription. If we must use a prescription or drug, we should first obtain its formula or ingredients, consult a specialist, and determine whether it has no effect on the kidneytoxicityOnly consider using.
Second, drink more water before and after taking medicine to ensure enough urine volume to promoteDrug excretion, reduce the nephrotoxicity.
Third, for drugs that are known to have nephrotoxicity or whose pharmacological effects are not clear for the time being, but must be used, the changes of urine and renal function should be closely observed during use, abnormalities should be found as soon as possible, and the drug should be stopped in time.
Fourth, people of different ages should pay attention to drug nephrotoxicity, especially the elderly and children, and be especially careful about the choice of drug types and doses.
Fifth, most of the chronic renal damage of drugs is caused by long-term or excessive medication, so medication must be strictly in accordance with the doctor's advice, and you must not increase the dosage and extend the duration of medication.
coping style
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To prevent drug-induced kidney damage, we should not only pay attention to the prevention of kidney damage that may be caused by western medicine, but also take strict precautions against Chinese herbal medicine and Chinese patent medicine that may cause kidney damage.It should be noted that even if the following countermeasures are adopted, sometimes drug-induced renal damage cannot be completely avoided.Therefore, efforts should be made to detect and treat the drug-induced kidney damage as soon as possible in order to completely reduce the harm to human health.
1. Find an experienced doctor and use drugs under the guidance of the doctor.When a patient is undergoing medication or needs to undergo angiography, he or she must be guided by an experienced doctor.
2. For patients with chronic diseases, try not to use kidneystoxicityDrugs.The elderly, patients with kidney diseasediabetesPatients, patients who use nephrotoxic drugs in combination, and seriously ill patients with other clinical conditions should try to choose drugs without nephrotoxicity.
threeRenal insufficiencyThe drug dosage must be adjusted according to the renal function.Before using drugs that may cause nephrotoxicity, it is better to check the renal function first.Patients with renal insufficiency should adjust the single dose or interval of medication according to their renal function.
4. Learn to protect yourself and take appropriate protective measures.For different drugs, adopt appropriate methods to help detoxify and detoxify, such as hydration and preventionContrast nephropathyEtc.
5. Keep the relevant medical records and tell the doctor at the time of treatment.Yes, what happenedAdverse drug reactions, including allergic or non allergic adverse reactions, records should be kept for doctors' reference.
Generally speaking, under the premise of closely monitoring urine and renal function indicators, necessary treatment can still be carried out.It is suggested that patients should take medicine under the guidance of experienced doctors or pharmacists, and strengthen self-protection.Most drug-induced renal damage can be avoided by timely detection, timely diagnosis, timely drug withdrawal and timely treatment.
