Presbyopic glasses

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Optical products

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Presbyopia The mirror, also known as the presbyopic mirror, is a kind of optical product. It is a kind of glasses for people with presbyopic eyes Convex lens 。 The presbyopic glasses are mainly used to meet the needs of presbyopic people.

The presbyopic glasses are used to supplement the eyesight of the middle-aged and elderly people. They are as many as the myopic glasses national standard The specified optical indicators also have some special rules of use. The use of presbyopic glasses improves people's Quality of life , played an indispensable role.

Chinese name: Presbyopic glasses
Foreign name: Presbyopic glasses

Style: Ordinary presbyopic glasses, progressive multifocal presbyopic glasses
Purpose: Middle aged and elderly people supplement vision
Meaning: It is a kind of optical product

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Basic classification

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There are mainly three kinds of presbyopic glasses on the market, namely single lens, Bifocal mirror And progressive multifocal mirror. Single lens can only be used to see near, and glasses need to be removed when looking far. The dual lens means that the upper half of the lens is used to see far and the lower half is used to see near, but this kind of presbyopic lens has Jumping phenomenon The appearance is also not beautiful. Progressive multifocal mirror can meet the requirements of viewing objects at different distances, and its appearance is also very good, 2019 Penetration rate It has increased year by year, and the first generation has a long time to adapt.

application area

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Reading books and newspapers with reading glasses

presbyopia It is a normal physiological phenomenon, not an eye disease, nor an elderly person. After the age of 40 Lens Gradual fiber hardening, Ciliary muscle Gradually paralyzed, making the human eye unable to effectively adjust the shape of the eyeball（ axial Change), only by adjusting eye The distance from the object you are looking at. When you look at the object near you, you must move far to see it clearly. The eye state at this time is called presbyopia.

If presbyopia wants to use their eyesight at the distance they used to see, they must wear presbyopia glasses to supplement their eyesight, so that they can see closely and clearly again. It is no exaggeration to say that presbyopia glasses are the second pair of eyes after everyone enters middle age. The degree of presbyopia is related to age. For example, at the age of 45, presbyopia is+1.50D (i.e. 150 degrees). At the age of 50, whether you wear glasses or not, presbyopia will increase to+2.00D (i.e. 200 degrees). There has been presbyopia. If you do not wear presbyopia glasses, you will not be able to adjust the exhausted ciliary muscles, which will definitely worsen Dyslexia It is unwise to have many symptoms, such as dizziness and bulging eyes, which affect life and work. Therefore, presbyopia glasses should be matched immediately without delay. As you grow older, the old reading glasses are not strong enough, so you should replace them in time. Therefore, presbyopic glasses cannot be worn to the end. Wearing inappropriate presbyopia glasses for a long time will not only bring a lot of inconvenience to your life, but also accelerate the process of presbyopia.

Generally speaking, presbyopia at the initial stage has two main manifestations: the first is difficulty in working close together or reading. For example, when reading, you need to take the book far away, or you need to read in strong light to see clearly. The second is Asthenopia 。 As the regulating force decreases, Reading needs Gradually approaching the limit of accommodation, that is, when reading, almost all the accommodation of the eyes will be used, which will lead to the inability to use the eyes for a long time. At the same time, over adjustment is prone to eye swelling, headache and other visual fatigue symptoms. The above two phenomena indicate that the eyes may have begun to presbyopia. For people with myopia, the need to take off their glasses or pull away the reading materials when reading closely is also a manifestation of presbyopia. After presbyopia, the safest way is to wear proper presbyopia glasses for correction.

Purchasing method

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Basic standards

Presbyopic glasses

The correct selection of presbyopic glasses is very important for those who need to wear them. Wearing presbyopic glasses should be based on the principle of clarity and comfort. It is absolutely not allowed to simply consider the price factor and buy ready-made glasses on the streets or even stalls. Because everyone has different degrees of presbyopia, the degrees of presbyopia in both eyes may also be different, and some people also have hyperopia 、 myopia 、 astigmatism If you wear inappropriate presbyopic glasses for a long time, it will not solve the problem, but will also cause Ocular distension 、 headache And so on. So only to be normal Optical Shop For optometry and glasses matching, only the presbyopic glasses that are suitable for your own vision can truly ensure your eye health, and it is best to be based on your own actual situation Tailored Exclusive presbyopic glasses.

A good pair of presbyopic glasses meets the optical requirements, has a price tag, and is suitable for comfortable wearing. It mainly reflects the following aspects in 2019:

1. The shape must be relatively wide, because presbyopia Collective action in nearsightedness, plus reading Writing habits , monocular Visual axis When the lens is far sighted (head up), it should move downward and inward 2.5mm at the same time. In head up view, the pupil is generally above and below the central line of the lens, so the presbyopic lens should have sufficient field of vision. The lens should meet the requirement that the upper and lower height should be greater than 30mm, not the smaller the lens, the better. Narrow films within 25mm above and below are generally portable for temporary vision supplement.

2. The front of glasses should be wide, but OCD（ Optical center Horizontal distance ）It is smaller. Since the users of presbyopic glasses are all over middle age and have plump faces, the horizontal size of presbyopic glasses is generally 10mm larger than that of optical frames, but it is nearly used Pupillary distance The pupillary distance is 5mm smaller than that of remote use, so the OCD value should be generally 58-61mm for women and 61-64mm for men. To meet these two requirements at the same time, larger diameter lenses should be used and the optical center should be larger when making films Inward shift Quantity.

3. The presbyopic glasses must be firm and durable. The presbyopia glasses are proximity glasses. The rule of presbyopia is that from the age of 40 (+1.00D, i.e. 100 degrees),+0.50D (i.e. 50 degrees) should be added every 5 years. In addition, the frequency of taking off and wearing is dozens of times higher than that of myopia, so the parts of presbyopic glasses must be solid or high elastic materials. The anti-corrosion and scratch resistance of electroplating must be outstanding, and the hardening process of lenses should be better. Generally Guaranteed on No serious deformation, rust and scuffing within 2 years. In fact, the requirements for a good presbyopic mirror are higher than those of the frame for matching glasses of the same grade.

Select lens

Generally speaking, glasses lenses can be divided into two categories, namely Glass lenses And optics Resin lens 。

Glass lens includes Optical glass lens And height Refractive index Lenses (commonly referred to as ultra-thin lenses) have high hardness and good wear resistance. Generally, their quality and various parameters will not change with time, but the Impact resistance And the weight is slightly inferior to the resin lens.

Resin lens is generally much lighter than glass lens Impact performance It is better than glass sheet, but its surface hardness Low, easy to be Abrasions 。 Resin lens and Coated lens Due to its soft characteristics, you should pay attention not to let the mirror surface direct contact For hard objects, it is better to use clean water (or mix a small amount of water Detergent ）Clean, and then use the special test cloth or high-quality cotton paper to absorb the water drops on the glasses. In addition, on the environment condition Coated lenses should be used carefully in poor areas to avoid dirt and difficulty in cleaning.

Select a frame

In Select Spectacle frame In addition to taking price and beauty as the standard, pay special attention to matching the size of the selected lens frame with my pupil distance as far as possible, because it directly affects the internal optical quality and wearing comfort of the glasses.

The following items can be considered for the identification of mirror frame quality:

1. The mirror frame with good elasticity is generally of good quality.

2. The mirror frame with smooth and bright coating has good quality.

3. The mirror frame made of smooth, small and uniform materials has good quality.

4. It is better to closely assemble all parts.

5、 Mirror ring The size and shape must be exactly the same, and the nose bridge must be symmetrical.

Attention to glasses

1. First, you should choose a regular and reputable professional matching shop or Eye Hospital To prepare presbyopic glasses, the quality and service of glasses can be guaranteed.

2. Optometry should be performed before matching glasses, and blind purchase is not allowed. When purchasing ready-made presbyopic glasses, you should also know your prescription parameters for myopia and purchase them under the guidance of professionals.

3. After the glasses are made or purchased, the matching personnel will match them according to the face shape. Generally speaking, if the parameters are appropriate, you will feel very clear when wearing new glasses.

Key points for use

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Pupil distance

When wearing presbyopic glasses for the first time, it is necessary to know about the proximity PD (pupillary distance). Because of the convergence effect of the human eye when looking near, the visual axis rotates inward, making the proximity PD (taking the reading distance of 33cm as an example) 4~6mm smaller than the remote PD (head up). The presbyopic glasses have an important optical index OCD (two lens optics Center point Horizontal distance), OCD and near PD should be as consistent as possible. national standard The difference range between the two is specified, Sunset red presbyopic glasses ± 3mm Tolerance That is to say, for a customer with near use PD=62mm, the OCD value of the presbyopic glasses to be used can be between 59-65mm. But the best solution is to choose glasses with OCD value less than pupillary distance and wear OCD value Much greater than Eyeglasses with pupil spacing will cause the guests' eyes ache, fatigue and inability to focus their vision. If the pupil distance of the guest is too small or too large, which makes it impossible to choose the finished lens and assemble the matching lens (without super large frame or super large piece), the unfocused presbyopic lens is the best choice.

Use distance

The presbyopia is characterized by the poor adjustment ability of the eye to see far and near. For example, the user's vision Diopter When it is+4.00D (commonly known as 400 degrees), its vision adjustment ability can only work within a few centimeters. A pair of presbyopic glasses only adds a fixed diopter to the user's vision, but does not enhance the user's vision Regulating force 。 That is to say, the user does not have to wear a certain degree of presbyopic glasses, but should choose the appropriate degree of presbyopic glasses according to the distance of their own vision. For example, when reading books, newspapers and writing, the use distance is 33cm, which is called the reading distance. At this time, the age of the user has the following proportional relationship with the degree of the reading glasses: (see the following table)

Age	forty	forty-five	fifty	fifty-five	sixty	sixty-five	seventy
Degree of presbyopic glasses	+0.75D	+1.50D	+2.00D	+2.50D	+3.00D	+3.50D	+4.00D

However, if you are watching TV, the distance between the human eye and the TV screen is generally 2.50 meters. At this time, the ratio between the age of the user and the degree of the presbyopic glasses becomes the following table:

Age	forty	forty-five	fifty	fifty-five	sixty	sixty-five	seventy
Degree of presbyopic glasses	no need	no need	no need	no need	no need	+1.00D	+1.50D

The use of eyes by modern people has become more and more abundant, and the distance and objects of the middle-aged and elderly people to use their eyesight in short and medium distance have also been greatly expanded Near use Visual acuity chart Optometry and glasses can no longer meet the needs of consumers.

Use vision purpose	Reading and writing	computer	housework	shopping	Watch tv
Use visual distance	33cm	50cm	80cm	120cm	250cm

Therefore, when selecting presbyopic glasses, you should choose the ones that are suitable for you according to your own usage habits and needs, such as the distance at which to use the presbyopic glasses.

Secondary standby

Generally, from the age of 55, Naked eye The clear distance (without glasses) is more than 0.86 meters. If you wear+2.50D (i.e. 250 degrees) presbyopic glasses for reading, the clear distance is about 0.27-0.40 meters. In this way, a blind spot appears at a distance of 0.5 - 0.7 meters, which is just the second common distance for guests (doing housework, shopping, using computers...). Therefore, no secondary vision supplement will be carried out in this blind area, so that the guests' eyes will often be in a fatigue state regardless of naked eyes or reading presbyopia, which will virtually accelerate the development of presbyopia. If you need a reading distance of more than+2.50D (i.e. 250 degrees), for your own needs and Vision health At an arm length (about 70cm), prepare a pair of reading glasses for yourself, that is, buy a pair of reading glasses that is+1.50D (150 degrees) lower than the reading distance for use other than reading. Foreign presbyopia glasses users are always eye-catching, and several pairs of presbyopia glasses of different degrees are used in turn according to the needs of use; Glasses sold abroad are also several pairs of presbyopic glasses with different degrees, but in China, a pair of presbyopic glasses is worn to+4.00D (400 degrees) when they are less than 60 years old, which deepens the degree of presbyopic glasses and affects the health of eyesight.

matters needing attention

1. If you are dazzled, you can wear glasses without delay.

2. The eyes should be comprehensively examined and optometrically tested before fitting glasses.

3. Try on the mirror for a while after it is fitted.

4. Separate the scene and wear it. The presbyopic glasses are only suitable for looking at objects at close range, and should not be worn when looking at distant or normal objects at ordinary times. Wear presbyopic glasses for a long time regardless of time, which may cause dizzy Problems such as unclear vision, decreased eye accommodation, etc.

5. The presbyopic glasses should not be worn to the end.

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