Lao She has always worked selflessly throughout his life. He is a well deserved "model worker" in the literary and art circles.On August 24, 1966, due tothe Great Proletarian Cultural RevolutionDuring the vicious attack and persecution in the movement, Lao She was forced to sink in Beijing with injusticeTaiping Lake。[4]In 1978, Lao She was rehabilitated and the title of "People's Artist" was restored.[5]
In September 2017, the classic of Chinese modern literature novels《Four generations in the same hall》ByOriental Publishing CenterPublication and listing.This is the first time that the book has been published in full since its publication.The tombstone is inscribed with a sentence from Lao She: "The conscientious pawns of the literary and art circles sleep here."
Lao She was born in Beijing on February 3, 1899.Because bornBeginning of SpringHis parents named him "Qingchun", which probably means to celebrate the coming of Spring and have a bright future.Father is aManchuOfEscort, died in battleEight-Nation AllianceIn the war against Beijing.The whole family depends on their mother to wash clothes for others.
In 1908, when Lao She was nine years oldMaster Zong YueIt was funded to enter private schools. After going to school, Lao She changed her name to Shu Sheyu, which contains "self abandonment", that is“Selflessness”Means.[6]
In 1913, he was admitted to the Third Middle School of Beijing Normal University (now the Third Middle School of Beijing). A few months later, he dropped out due to economic difficulties. In the same year, he was admitted to Beijing Normal School at public expense.
After graduating in 1918, he was appointed as the headmaster of Fangjia Hutong Primary School.Two years later, he was promoted to the Northern Suburb of Beijing Normal University Education Bureau, but because it was difficult to work with the old forces in the education sector and the local area, he quickly resigned from his well paid position and returned to the school to teach.
In 1921《Overseas New Voice》The vernacular of her failure published onShort story, signed by She Yu, this is the earliest work of Lao She found so far, with only 700 words.
In 1922, he was baptized and converted to ChristianityTianjin Nankai Middle SchoolHe teaches Chinese and works in Beijing Education Association and Beijing Local Service Corps.During this period, he was keen on social service career, and also tutored in English evening school and Yanjing University.
In 1923, she published her first short story, Xiao Linger, in Nankai Quarterly.[4]
In 1924, he went to Britain to serveAsia Africa College, University of London(School of Oriental and African Studies, University of London).During his stay in England, Lao She used the English name Colin C. Shu (which should be his Christian name).[7]
In 1926, he serially published novels in Fiction Monthly《Lao Zhang's Philosophy》The first issue was signed "Shu Qingchun", and the second issue was changed to "Lao She".In the following three years, he continued to write, and published three novels Lao Zhang's Philosophy in Britain《Zhao Ziyue》《Erma》。The English teaching career made Lao She a qualified writer.
In the summer of 1929, he returned from Britain and stayed in Singapore for half a year as a middle school teacher.
In 1930, he returned to ChinaQilu UniversityProfessor, teaching while writing.
In 1932, he created《Cat City》, and on《modern》Magazine serials.In the following years, Lao She created《divorce》And《crescent moon》And other works of great importance in the history of modern literature.
In 1936, Lao She resigned as a professor of Shandong University to concentrate on writing.September《The Ricksha Boy》It was serially published in Cosmic Wind, which was officially released by Human World Bookstore in 1939.[4]
In August 1937, he returned to Qilu University to teach.Went to Wuhan alone in November.
In 1938, Lao She was electedAll China Association of Literary and Art Circles to Resist the EnemyThe Executive Director and Director of the General Affairs Department shall preside over the daily meetings internally, represent the "Literary Association" externally, and be fully responsible for the leadership of the Federation.In July of the same year, he moved to Chongqing with the Association for Literary and Art Circles.
In 1939, Lao She translated the English version《The Plum in the Golden Vase》Published in London, translated asThe Golden LotusThis version is a translation of the more authoritative "Plum in the Golden Vase" in the West, which has been issued four times.
In 1946U.S. Department of StateHe was invited to give lectures in the United States for one year, and published the second volume of Four Generations in One Hall, Living Steadily in the same year.
In 1949, after receiving a letter from more than 30 friends in the cultural and artistic circles, he decided to return to China, left the United States in October, and arrived in Tianjin in December.
In 1950, the Chinese Folk Literature Research Association was established as the vice chairman.
In 1978, Lao She was rehabilitated and the title of "People's Artist" was restored[5]。The tombstone is inscribed with a sentence from Lao She: "The conscientious pawns of the literary and art circles sleep here."
In 1930,Hu WeiqingIsBeijing Normal UniversityWhile studying, my mother was afraid that she would delay her life because of her study.linguistLuo ChangpeiMr. Hu is a friend of Hu Weiqing's brothers. Once, he went to Hu's house to play, and Hu's mother asked him to help find out.At this time, Lao She just returned from London and wrote some works, so Luo Changpei introduced Lao She to Hu's mother. After learning about Lao She's talent and character, Hu's mother was very happy. She secretly decided to take advantage of the dragon and have a quick husband, so they discussed a thorough plan with Luo to make Lao She meet Hu Weiqing.
In the winter of 1930, Lao She returned to Peiping.Under Luo's arrangement, Lao She was dragged to dinner by friends everywhere, and Hu Weiqing was always on the table.After frequent meetings, Hu and Shu developed a feeling of affection.It was not until the summer of 1931, when Hu Weiqing graduated, that the two married.
Half a month after the marriage, Lao She brought his wife to Jinan and continued to teach in the university, while Hu Weiqing taught in a middle school.The first child of the two was born in Jinan, a girl, namedShu Ji。1935 Second child, sonShuyibirth.In 1937, she gave birth to her third child in Shandong, named afterComfortable rain。[19]In 1945, a young girlShulibirth.
Funny characters
Interesting story of urging manuscript
During the Anti Japanese War,Beixin BookstorePublished《Youth》, once urged the writer Lao She to write.At the same time, Lao She humorously sent a reminder letter with the flavor of opera: the marshal sent an emergency order: no food inside, no soldiers outside!The young general put his gun on the horse, and walked on the Youth World, barking!Malay!See Marshal.How many people will be brought?A word!They are old, weak and disabled!Rest in the back account!Get the order!It is: the banners are clear, and the mountains are full of murderous gas!
Manuscript correcting slave
writerLou YiyiI visited Lao She once."What have you written recently?" Lou Yiyi asked.Lao She, a man of Manchu origin, said with a smile, "I am working as a 'slave' to polish our 'emperor'!" A burst of laughter revealed that Lao She was accepting a new task - to be the last emperorPu YiRevise his autobiography《The first half of my life》。
Make a fool of yourself and write a poem
Once many young people came to Lao She's house to ask how to write poems.Lao She said, "I can't write poems. I'm just making up." Someone suggested that Lao She "make up" a poem on the spot."The rain washes the starry sea, and the rainbow is in the sky; the ice is shining, and I am sleeping in the green forest." Lao She casually recited this unique five character quatrain.Just 20 words put together the names of 8 well-known and acclaimed writers and artists, which are vivid, broad and lasting.The young people were all amazed.The heavy rain mentioned in the poem isSun Yuyu, a modern poet and literary translator.Xi XinghaiXian Xinghai, people's musician.Gao ChanghongIs a modern celebrity.All sounds of heavenHe is a theatre and film worker.IcyXie Bingying, a modern female writer from Hunan.Chengshe IOnce worked in Chongqing《Xinshu Daily》Editor in Chief.BiyeHe is a contemporary writer.Lin FengmianHe is a painter.
Meet the Black Shirt Woman at Jinan Station
In the autumn of 1933,Zhou MingxiAfter serving as the principal of Qingdao Shenggong Middle School, I had to go to Jinan on business, because I didn't know my hometown well,Xu DishanAnd sent a telegram toQilu UniversityLao She, the teacher, asked for a welcome.According to Lao She's article "Mourning Mr. Xu Dishan", Zhou Mingxi wrote."Do you remember sending me a telegram asking me to pick up President Zhou at Jinan Station? What an interesting telegram! Knowing that I didn't know her, you taught her to wear a black cheongsam, and the telegram was: 'Meet the black dress girl at the station at X day X time!' When my wife and I received the black dress girl, we couldn't stop laughing.".In this way, because of Xu Dishan's relationship,Zhou MingxiWith Lao She and his wifeHu WeiqingI met in Jinan and later became a lifelong friend.[8]
There are about 300 old style poems with 120000 words.
Three new poems, all long poems, with the following information:
1934
Ghost song
1939
Chengdu Chongqing Road
1939
Sword North Chapter
The above information is compiled from
quyi works
Through collection and sorting, there are 27 dramas, 7 Beijing operas, 5 operas, 2 local operas, 1 English translated Chinese drama, 1 movie script, 15 drum lyrics, 31 cross-talk, 12 clappers, 4 Taiping drum lyrics, 1 Shandong clappers, 1 single string brand song and 7 librettos jointly written.
glorious flowers in spring and solid fruits in autumn
Looking West at Chang'an
Lotus matching
Fist
I'm going home!
Three brothers of Qin Family
Family portraits
Qin Xia and Danxue
Frog Rider
Treasure Ship (Fairy Tale)
Red Mansion
-
The above is organized from
The works that have not been collected and published are as follows:
"Past and Present", "Live Wu Song", "False Doctor", "Professor", "She Remembers", "Two Anti Japanese Folk Songs", "Empty City Plan", "Accusing of Holding Bags", "Big Drum Calligraphy", "Gift", "Love Song", "Alienation", "Random Description", "Explanation of Vernacular", "Tan Benxiu's Self Narration", "Phlegm Fan's New Style", "Two Kindergarten Ballads", "Smile", "Fighting for Peace", "Songs for Children"Vitamins, A Little Crosstalk, Song of New Spring, New Youth, New Poetry, March in the Snow, Life of Music, Praise of Heroes, New Year's Day Inscription, Mother of Love, Song of Knife Beating, Reading, Phase II Anti Japanese War, Appendix Letter to Friends, Singing of the Great Party, Singing, Ghost Song《state funeral》Celebrating the New Year, Overseas New Voice, Peaceful Liberation of Tibet, Red Salesman, Red Leaves, Red Flag in Hongxing Restaurant, Eighty or Ninety Flowers, Protecting the People and Killing the Bandits, Protecting My River and Mountain, Wall Newspaper Poems, Don't Superstition, Long term Resistance, More Pigs in Chengezhuang, On the Road to Chengdu and Chongqing, Mongolian Youth March, Daughter's Sutra, Praise for Accompanying the Capital, Youth"Young Commandos", "Tomb Sweeping Day", "Japan's Withdrawal", "Sweeping Five Spirits", "Mountain Heights Can't Block the Sun", "Immortals Resign", "Production and Employment", "Persimmon Harvest", "Shu River Boat Song", "Double Opposition", "Summer in Zhalantun", "War", "Husband Going to the Army", "Fortune Curse", "Mid Autumn Moon Cake", "Congratulations on Beijing's Liberation Decade", "Congratulations on Children's Day 1", "Congratulations on Children's Day 2"Poetry.
The Soul Breaking Gun is a short story written by Lao She in 1935. The plot of the novel is simple. It tells the story of Sha Zilong, a Wulin expert, after he changed his identity and became the innkeeper. There are three short fragments, namely, Wang Sansheng performing, Sun Laozhe competing with Wang Sansheng, and Sun Laozhe performing.Among them, the identity change of Sha Sha Long from a chivalrous man to an innkeeper is full of the author's profound and dignified cultural complex.The play "Five Rules of Lao She" created in 2010 to commemorate the 111th anniversary of Lao She's birth
Fuxing Collection, Mr. Lao She's prose collection, was published by Beijing Publishing House in May 1958, with 23000 copies and a price of 0.70 yuan.The articles included in the book are essays written by the author since liberation eight years ago, including 39 articles including the preface.The name of "Fuxing Collection" is related to the 1957 launch of the first satellite in human history by the former Soviet Union. At that time, the event of the former Soviet Union launching a satellite was called "Fuxing of mankind" in China. Lao She first
Humanities Reading and Collection - Companion Literature Series: Going to the Fair mainly says that a straw picker and a straw picker made a bet to see who would come to the fair first. The next day, they set out together. The straw picker made steady progress and soon arrived at the market;The other man who took the straw was absent-minded and made the straw zigzag. When he arrived at the market, his straw had disappeared.At this time, the straw picker thought: "It's not a bad thing to have pressure. He can
Talking about Writing with the Workers is a book published by the Workers' Publishing House in 1954 by Lao She.This book is about some writing methods, skills and characteristics introduced by Mr. Lao She and workers.
Winter in Jinan is a prose created by Lao She, a famous modern writer, playwright and novelist. It was first published in April 1931, and has been selected by Chinese textbooks for middle schools for a long time since then.Winter in Jinan is a poetic prose. Lao She has been lecturing in Britain for six years. He was deeply impressed by the fog of Britain and went to the southwest. Therefore, when he came to Jinan, the capital of Shandong Province, which is known as the "Spring City", he felt very strongly.Title "Economy
Selected Works of Lao She's Children's Literature is a book published by Learning Press in January 2012. The authors are Lao She, Liu Xiangwei and Liu Qian.
Among the great masters of modern new literature and art in China, Lao She is one of the few writers who give consideration to children's literature. However, Lao She's children's literature has received little attention.These works fully express the author's childlike innocence, innocence and interest.Mr. Lao She, who is so sincere, enthusiastic, caring, and has the same lover, is so talented that his heart is really made of gold!The masterpieces he left behind, with words as bright as gold and jade, will always be the spiritual wealth of our descendants!
Lao She Talks about Beijing is a book published by Beijing Publishing House in January 2005. The author is Lao She.This book mainly introduces the scenery, customs and places of Beijing, as well as the friends, family, mothers and hobbies that the author knows.
The Complete Works of Lao She (Volume 1-19) is a book published by the People's Literature Publishing House in 2013. The author is Lao She.This set of books includes more than 20 articles on the basis of the original 19 volumes, and the original book is revised to correct errors.
"Lao Zhang's Philosophy" describes the life and thoughts of citizens of all walks of life in Beijing around the 1920s.Lao Zhang, the hero, was a scoundrel in old Beijing.He is a soldier, a scholar and a businessman. He believes in three religions: Hui, Yah and Buddha;He believes in the philosophy of life of "money standard and trinity", and the connotation and essence of "Lao Zhang's philosophy" is a naked philistine philosophy.
There is a caricature description of "Liu Tun's" which confuses the villagers with the help of "religion" in Liu Tun's, so some researchers often think that the religious concept of the writer Lao She at that time has undergone a major change, and even regard it as a text material deviating from Christianity.In fact, from the standpoint of Christianity, Lao She denounced the rampant social disorder of egoism through the description of Chinese and Western "witchcraft and evil law", and expressed the anxiety of being unable to return to heaven.Whereas
Camel Xiangzi (2011 Upgrade Edition) is a book published by Beijing Yanshan Publishing House in 2011. The author is Lao She.Camel Xiangzi is Lao She's most representative work.
Camel Xiangzi, Black and White Li, written by Lao She, was published by Fudan University Press in 2004.This book selects some representative works of Lao She, the "people's writer".Among them, "Camel Xiangzi" tells the tragic story of Xiangzi, a rickshaw driver in Beiping, old China.
Anemia Collection, written by Lao She, was published by Chongqing Wenyu Publishing House in 1944.This book has collected five articles in total, including Love, Little Woodhead, No Problem, Eight Elders and A Barrel of Battery Smoke.
Lao She wrote a short story in Qingdao in July 1937.It was included in Clam and Algae Collection.This article is about a traitor Bao Shanqing's panic under the student movement, and his eldest daughter is one of the first to oppose him and defeat him.Like a fragment.
★ Mr. Lao She, a famous literary master, has selected his sixty years of essays exclusively, devoted himself to typesetting, and gathered for the first time.★ Only a leisurely life can dispel the noise and disputes in the world;Only a calm state of mind can face endless setbacks and frustrations.★ [The world is quiet, why can we live comfortably and calmly] As Mr. Lao She said, "Life is a kind of rhythm. There must be light and shadow, left and right, sunny and rainy. The interest is in the twists and turns that change without violence, slightly dark, and then bright
"Deep Taste of the World" is a collection of selected articles from 12 writers, a total of 43 articles, which shows the writers' deep feelings about their own destiny, the ups and downs of life, and the plight of the times.12 famous writers, including Lao She, Xiao Hong, Lin Huiyin and Shi Tiesheng, face the soul with their classic prose, and recognize the works with high reputation. They can read the helplessness of life and the freedom after tasting the human flavor.The book was produced by Lianhe ReadCreate in September 2019 and published by Beijing United Publishing Company.
Tianshu Daicun has chosen the epistolary form to publish the letters sent by "Niu Tianci" to the two authors and other friends.In commemoration of the 20th anniversary of the death of Mr. Lao She, Zhang Wei and Huang Zhiwei of the Shanghai Library found a lost copy of Lao She's novel, Tianshu Daicun, on the Peiping Morning Post in 1937.This is the sequel of "The Legend of the Ox" created by Lao She and Mr. Zhao Shaohou in 1936.
The author of Doctor Wen is Lao She, published by Wenhui Publishing House.It is about Dr. Wen, a doctor studying in the United States. He is an uneducated but skilled politician. Under the foreign signboard of Dr. Wen, he bluffs, flatters the dignitaries, and gets rich and famous as a "commissioner".Although he also loves money, he knows that if he wants money, he must become an official.Therefore, his philosophy of life is the dualism of "money standard plus official standard".Lao She used the sharp pen of banter and ridicule to whip
The Fireworks World is a collection of works by Mr. Lao She.The book covers topics such as love, marriage, life in Beipiao, mother-in-law daughter-in-law relationship, etc., and is full of Mr. Lao She's perception and love of life.As the sister part of My Life, this Fireworks World has become another treasured commemorative edition of Lao She's works.Moreover, Lao Shu painted exquisite illustrations of Eight Blessings.Add a touch of color between black and white.
Zhao Ziyue is a novel written by the writer Lao She. It was published in 1927 and first published in April 1928.Taking a group of college students in the rooftop apartment as the object of description, the work shows the "serious and mixed scene" of the student movement, satirizes and criticizes it, and describes the process of this group of students from obsession, mischief to awakening.
Under the Red Flag is Lao She's autobiographical novel.Written from 1961 to 1962.Unfortunately, because of the Cultural Revolution at that time, Lao She was forced to stop writing before he finished it.
Master Zongyue (1880-1939), surnamed Liu, Shoumian, Manchu, was the only son of the Liu family in Yuehai, the capital.Master Zongyue was arrested immediately after the Japanese invaders learned that Master Zongyue buried the remains of Chinese soldiers and civilians who fought against Japan. However, under the pressure of public opinion, the Japanese puppet government soon released Master Zongyue.Master Zong Yue can be said to be the son of a truly wealthy family. Originally, half of Xizhimen Street in Beijing was his family's industry.Master Zongyue is compassionate and patriotic
64 selected essays of Lao She were carefully proofread according to the first edition and the Complete Works of Lao She. The contents were divided into five series: "How much spring scenery is easy to go", "Life is a kind of rhythm", "When humor becomes an oil wipe", "Those people, those things", and "Small comments", which comprehensively demonstrated the essence of Lao She's prose creation and restored a humorous, kind, and simple cultural master image.
The 16 volume collection of Lao She's works is a collection of Lao She's works published by the People's Literature Publishing House from November 1980 to May 1991. The publishing work lasted for 11 years, including Lao She's novels, dramas, essays and literary theories.
The Complete Works of Lao She's Novels is a book published by Changjiang Literature and Art Publishing House in January 1993. The author is Lao She.This book introduces the long, medium and short stories created by Lao She throughout his life.
Cat: A Collection of Lao She, written by Lao She, was published by Beijing Daily Newspaper Group and Tongxin Publishing House in 2010.This book mainly includes prose works such as Missing Peking and Cats, as well as short stories such as Time honored Brand and Soul Breaking Gun.
Divorce is a novel written by Lao She, first published in August 1933.The novel tells about the divorce crisis and family disputes of several staff members of the Beiping Finance Institute, mainly Lao Li.The novel focuses on the spiritual structure of ordinary intellectuals in a specific era and their relationship with the times and society, starting with the clerk Lao Li.The presentation of daily life in the novel makes the spiritual connotation of the character Lao Li not only point to the complex social reality, but also point to the
"Camel Xiangzi" is a novel written by Lao She (Shu Qingchun, 1899-1966), an artist of the people, which describes the tragic fate of rickshaw pullers during the warlord wars in the 1920s.Xiangzi was the representative of the laboring masses in the old society.
The book My Whole Life contains some classic essays and short and medium length works of Mr. Lao She, which are published by Changjiang Literature and Art Publishing House.
Xiao Po's Birthday is a book published by the People's Literature Publishing House in 2000. The author is Lao She.This book takes the boy Xiao Po and his sister who live in Nanyang as the main characters, telling interesting stories about Xiao Po's life.
Crescent Moon is a novella created by Lao She, a modern writer. It was originally published in Guowen Weekly on April 1, 8 and 15, 1935, Volume 12, Issue 12-15, and later included in the collection of short stories Cherry Sea.Crescent Moon tells the story of a woman and her daughter who were forced to degenerate into prostitutes in the old society, and shows the whole process of a woman's fear, confusion, resistance to the unfair fate imposed on her, and finally submission.The relationship between characters in Crescent Moon is simple
Famine is a book published by Wenhui Publishing House by Lao She
Selected Plays from 1949 to 2009
Author nameLao She
Work time2009-9
Taking the 60 years since the founding of the People's Republic of China as the time span, the Selected Plays of 1949-2009 has selected six representative plays in particular, trying to reflect the overall development of drama since the founding of the People's Republic of China and show the historical life of drama performance.Among them, Lao She's Teahouse vividly and profoundly displays the life of Beijing citizens in different times in the constant dramatic scenes.Tian Han's Guan Hanqing successfully portrayed the Yuan Dynasty, which fought with drama as a weapon
Cat City: Illustrated collection booklet
Author nameLao She
Work time2015-1-1
This book is the only illustrated collection booklet authorized by Mr. Shu Yi.In the creation history of Chinese native science fiction, there is a large number of novels, that is, the Cat City by Mr. Lao She.Among the numerous works of Mr. Lao She, Cat City is the only novel in the form of science fiction.Cat City is written in the first person.The "I" in the novel left the earth by plane and fell on Mars."I" only
Camel Xiangzi
Author nameLao She
Work time2017-5
Introduction to "Camel Xiangzi": Xiangzi comes from the countryside and is determined to buy his own car and become an independent worker.However, the car he bought with three years' hard work was stolen by the warlord's soldiers. After escaping from the warlord, he had not saved enough money to buy a car, but Detective Sun stole the money.Then, Tigress, the daughter of the owner of the car factory, brought suffering to him both physically and mentally.Xiangzi bought a car with Tigress' savings. After Tigress died in childbirth, he
[Print on demand] - Poe's birthday
Author nameLao She
Reading Classics - Camel Xiangzi
Author nameLao She
Must read Chinese classic before exam: Camel Xiangzi
Author nameLao She
Camel Xiangzi: Youth Edition
Author nameLao She
Work time2018-7-1
"Camel Xiangzi" is one of Lao She's representative works. With realism and compassion, it has shaped Xiangzi, Tigress and other distinctive artistic images, and has an important position in the history of modern Chinese literature.The text of this edition of Camel Xiangzi is attached with some annotations of rare words to facilitate readers' better understanding and reading.This edition of "Camel Xiangzi" is faithful to the original work and better retains the words of Lao She's age, which helps readers understand the words and
Camel Xiangzi -- Haven
Author nameLao She
Work time1978-2-1
Camel Xiangzi - In depth Guide to Classic Works
Author nameLao She
mother
Author nameLao She
Work time2020-10
[Editor's Recommendation] 1Collect the essays written by famous writers in the history of literature for a century, and read the love and memory of Lu Xun, Hu Shi, Mao Dun, Ba Jin, Lao She, Wang Anyi, Yu Hua, Yan Lianke, Chi Zijian and other writers for their parents.2. Ding Fan, a senior professor and doctoral supervisor of the China New Literature Research Center of Nanjing University, carefully compiled it.3. Many articles in this set of essays have been selected into Chinese textbooks, including Zou Taofen's My Mother and Shi Tiesheng's The Joyous Tree
My Life: Selected Novels and Short Stories of Lao She (Collection)
Author nameLao She
Work time2019-11-1
★ Lao She, the first winner of the title of "People's Artist" in New China, is a classic masterpiece.★ Selected collection of Lao She's classic long, medium and short stories, "humorous novelist", shows the world of an era in all its forms and a thought-provoking elegy of fate.★ The depth, passion and humor in Lao She's novels are cosmopolitan and have no borders.★ A humorous writer, his works are realistic and vivid, with strong "Beijing flavor", gentle and playful humor and self mockery.★ Mr. Lao She's
High School Student Famous Scholar - Camel Xiangzi
Author nameLao She
Work time2012-11
Lao She, the author of "High School Students Read Famous Artists: Camel Xiangzi", has always worked selflessly throughout his life and is a well deserved "model worker" in the literary and art circles.He wrote about eight million words of works in his life, which were translated into more than 20 languages and published, and a large number of compositions were selected into educational textbooks."High School Students Reading Famous Artists: Camel Xiangzi" selects 24 articles of Lao She, supplemented by guidance and interpretation. For middle school students, it is not only an excellent book worth reading and reflection, but also a good way to cultivate literature
Most of Lao She's works are based on the life of citizens.He is good at depicting the life and destiny of the urban poor, especially the conservative and backward middle and lower class citizens saturated with the feudal patriarchal concept, in the national contradictions and class struggles, under the impact of the new historical trend.The contradictory psychology of confusion, hesitation and loneliness, and the ridiculous behavior of being in a dilemma and at a loss.He likes to reflect common social conflicts through ordinary scenes, and his brushwork often extends to the excavation of national spirit or the thinking of national destiny, which makes people taste the severity and heaviness of life from lightness and humor.The colorful rendering of natural scenery and the meticulous description of customs and human feelings add to the life flavor and interest of the work.
In the history of modern literature, Lao She's name is always closely linked with the theme of citizens and Beijing.He is an outstanding painter of customs and manners (especially the local customs and customs of Beijing) in the modern Chinese literary world.As a great man, the social reality he reflects may not be broad enough, but within the scope of his description, he combines history and reality, from the natural scenery of the four seasons, the social atmosphere and customs of different times, to the joys, sorrows and subtle mentality of all kinds of people, which are vivid and lively,It has become a complete and full world with "Beijing flavor".This is Lao She's special contribution to the history of modern literature.
Another characteristic of Lao She's works is that they show a distinct theme of anti imperialism and patriotism.Lao She's works often directly revealImperialismThe crimes of aggression describe from different aspects the various harms inflicted on the Chinese people by their economic, cultural, religious infiltration and racial discrimination.He showed the national awakening, praised the national integrity, and attacked the foreign slaves who were subservient to these invasions and infiltration.1960 was the 60th anniversary of the Boxer Uprising, so he wrote a play《Fist 》, reappearing the resistance of Beijing residentsEight-Nation AllianceA heroic scene.[4][9]
style of language
Lao She's language is colloquial, refined and popular.Lao She said: "No language artist is divorced from the masses, and no such master records the people's language without processing it." Therefore, the character language in the works is refined Beijing vernacular.The "vulgar" language of his works is based on careful thinking and research.His "white" is easy for readers to understand but profound.It is Lao She's realm as a master of language to reflect the times and life with popular and plain words.However, on the other hand, Lao She used language to get rid of the roughness and randomness of the natural form, and refined it into gold, making the modern spoken language in Beijing look simple and refined like a finely carved porcelain.[10]
Similarly, Lao She's works also seek humor. On the one handDickensOn the other hand, the influence of British litterateurs has also been deeply branded with "Beijing citizen culture", forming a more intrinsic "Beijing flavor".Humor and humor are the overall style characteristics of Lao She's works.He thought: "If the words are to be vivid and interesting, we must use humor... The false is not dry, obscure and boring, which is the fatal wound of literature and art; humor has become very important." Therefore, Lao She's novels, dramas, essays, etc. are also full of humor.His humorous talent is reflected in all the lines of his works: the thought content of "thinking deeply" is expressed in the language of "speaking beautifully", which is implicit, meaningful and full of strong humor.From《Lao Zhang's Philosophy》Since its birth, Lao She has been known as a "humorous novelist".[4]
Mr. Lao She is a master of using subtext, represented by《teahouse》。Teahouse, with its profound and implicit subtext, has effectively enriched the meaning of the language.The most classic example is the first actEunuch PangAndQin Zhongyi"War of words".One of these two isthe Empress Dowager Ci XiOne of them is a reformist capitalist. They meet unexpectedly. They are polite on the surface, but they are fierce at heart.Such lines can be found everywhere in Teahouse.It attracts people's interest and deep thinking, which is impressive.[10]
Lao She's works have successfully used the vitality of Beijing colloquial vocabulary, which makes the language of his works reveal unique Beijing charm, the life of his works is mellow, and the local scenery and customs are real and moving.At the same time, Beijingers are written in authentic Beijingese. They are native, lively, interesting, simple and natural, and the breath of life is coming at them. They have unique charm, reveal the charm of Beijingese, and show the lively vitality of Beijingese and Lao She's ability to control the spoken language in Beijing.[4][9-10]
Literary thought
A problem that is not a problem
Lao She's literary ideology is complex. In the struggle between proletarian literature and bourgeois literature in the history of modern literature, his faction color is not obvious, although he has some criticisms about the artistic guidance method of the revolutionary leadership literature of the left and other artistic and ideological propositions.At the same time, Lao She never joinedSudananda leading figure in the Crescent Moon SocietyThe third group of people, who do not believe that literature is free until death.The keynote of his literary thought is to emphasize the free expression of literature, and at the same time, he believes that the role of literature in society is unexpected and long-term.[11]
However, due to the influence of the times, Lao She once approached the practicality of literature. However, after a period of development, the artist felt uncomfortable again, so he called for and practiced the free expression and artistry of literature again. During this period, his literary thought also experienced repeated and concussion.Therefore, Lao She does not have a firm and simple literary position. His literary and artistic thoughts are wavering, but he tends to look at literature from the emotional perspective, believing that "making people happy is the purpose of art" and "literature is to understand and explain life".At the same time, Lao She believes that "literature is based on spirit" emphasizes self expression and does not make literature a textbook for preaching.[11]
On the basis of the writer's free expression without interference from outside forces, Lao She further deepened the depth of personal literary thinking - the beauty of the form.Lao She has repeatedly put forward that "literature is the expression of the soul with beautiful words." At the same time, inspired by English literature, he pursued a simple and simple language style, "taking off the flowery clothes and revealing the beauty of the characters", which is to a large extent similar to English literature, and is also an important projection of Lao She's creation under the influence of Dickens and other writers,It is an integral part of Lao She's literary thought.
Freedom of expression and beauty of form are Lao She's most basic pursuit. On this basis, Lao She also opposes the literary view of literature as literature, but does not deny the sociality and social role of literature, such as Lao She's early and middle novels "Lao Zhang's Philosophy", "Zhao Ziyue", "Er Ma", "Xiao Po's Birthday", "Cat City", "Niu Tianci Biography", "Camel Xiangzi", etc,The central purpose is to explore the way to revitalize the national games and strengthen the nation.Lao She described the life of the common people as the object of description, based on the philosophy of traditional ethics and morality, taking the humanitarian concept of good and evil as the most basic starting point, and taking whether it is conducive to revitalizing the national destiny and strengthening the nation as the yardstick. In the later period, Lao She published a large number of literary and artistic works to promote the war of resistance.
Character influence
Announce
edit
Literary and artistic influence
Lao She is committed to the popularization of literature and the transformation of folk art, and is a pioneer in the reform of folk art.
Among modern Chinese writers, Lao She is the only one who can combine literature with Quyi, pay close attention to the development of Quyi for a long time, and personally participate in the socialist transformation of Quyi, especially the main genre (crosstalk) after the founding of New China.In the early days of liberation, as a well-known writer, Lao She actively engaged in the socialist transformation of crosstalk, andLuo Changpei、one of the founders of the scientific study of Chinese grammar and a supporter of fundamental language reform、Wu XiaolingAnd other scholarsSun Yukui、Liu Dezhi、Hou BaolinAnd other crosstalk actorsCrosstalk Improvement TeamBy writing a large number of works and theoretical articles, it not only guided crosstalk to get rid of the survival crisis caused by its old form and content in the early days of liberation, but also made crosstalk and even quyi, an art form, complete its own positioning in the new society and new situation, established its artistic position, and set the tone for the development of new crosstalk later,And it has affected the development of crosstalk today.[13]
Lao She's Teahouse and Longxu Valley have been establishedBeijing People's Art TheaterWith its unique style, it founded the School of Performing Arts of Beijing People's Art Theater.Longxugou is the foundation work for the establishment of the School of Performing Arts of the Beijing People's Art Theater. The script establishes a realistic and vivid foundation for the performance, emphasizing the creation of a distinctive image from life.This has played a fundamental and key role in the development of China's drama cause and the Beijing People's Art Theatre. The style of the Beijing People's Art Theatre gradually formed on this basis has been inherited by the directors and actors of the Beijing People's Art Theatre and has been used up to now.
From the perspective of creative themes, Lao She's literary and artistic influence can be seen from his creative experience. From the original "Lao Zhang's Philosophy", "Erma" and "Zhao Ziyue", which focused on the life of Beijing and Beijingers overseas, to the later "Divorce", "Niu Tianci Biography" and his representative work "Camel Xiangzi", which focused on the life of Beijing's people's livelihood《Four generations in the same hall》, and《My whole life》And《crescent moon》《liu courtyard 》His most characteristic and artistic achievements are all related to the city of Beijing.
Therefore, it can be said that Lao She is“Beijing style novels”The source is that Beijing culture breeds Lao She's creation, and the citizen world in Lao She's works can best reflect the humanistic landscape of Beijing culture, and even become a symbol of cultural history. When talking about Beijing culture, one cannot but associate with Lao She's literary world.Lao She's novels have orderly and completely constructed a "Beiping World" in art. At the same time, snacks, architecture and language in the novels are all important sources of digging and developing Beijing culture nowadays.
At the same time, on the road of criticizing the national character, Lao She also has his own development. Compared with Lu Xun's exploration of the national psychological mechanism, Lao She's research and description of Chinese psychology and behavior is inevitably superficial, but there are also places that Lu Xun can't show Lao She's own characteristics - both the shortcomings of Chinese people in the original pure Chinese environment,There are also morbid and appropriate Chinese psychology and behavior in front of foreigners. The latter is the unique development of Lao She, which is also rare in later criticism. Therefore, this criticism also constitutes and supplements a complete history of modern national criticism, which has reference significance for later criticism.[4][9][14]
Political influence
Lao She andGuo MoruoAnd others organized“All China Association of Literary and Art Circles to Resist the Enemy”He also served as the executive director and director of the General Affairs Department, was responsible for leading the daily meetings and representing the "Literary Association" to the outside world. During his tenure as director of the General Affairs Department, Lao She united the anti Japanese literati throughout the country, making this period one of the best periods of unity in the literary and art circles in the history of modern literature.[9]
Character evaluation
Announce
edit
Li Duo's Calligraphy and Painting Exhibition in Memory of the People's Artist Lao She
Hu Feng: "Sheyu is a man who has experienced the ups and downs of life, and is well versed in the world. But instead of being obliterated by these things, his" truth "is more prominent, more difficult and lovely. So his truth is not simple and straightforward, not forgetful, but a fruit set off by complex branches and leaves.He is polite and always has a sense of humor that he doesn't know whether it is true or a joke.Now we all know that his true meaning for life is shining there, but sometimes he has to cry for state affairs, public utilities, and friendship, which is probably rarely known. "
"Sheyu is a person who is very happy to make friends and is the most sociable, but also a person who is rich in artistic temperament and can be lonely".
"Giving is his responsibility. When he is asked to do his best, he is asked to do his best. When he is asked to do his best, he is asked to do his best. Especially when he is asked to do his best for public purposes, he is forced to do his best. To tell the truth about some things I have taken over, I can only secretly admire his selfless mind wrapped in modest words and deeds."
Son of Lao SheShuyi: "The father in life is completely contradictory. He does not speak most of the time all day long, and is pondering over writing. He is very serious and closed. But as soon as someone comes, he hears the voice of his friends. He is very active, approachable, warm and thoughtful, and can talk very well. After careful thinking, his father is also contradictory. Because he is very serious and diligent about life and writing;On the other hand, he is very interesting and loves life. "
Zhu Guangqian: "According to the world literature information I have access to, there are onlyShen CongwenWith Lao She. "[12]
Fan JunAppraise humor to Lao She: "In a sense, without humor, there will be no Lao She, let alone his achievements and status in the history of literature."
People Memorial
Announce
edit
Commemoration for future generations
On June 3, 1978, Beijing held a ceremony to place the ashes of Lao She at Babaoshan Revolutionary Cemetery.Deng XiaopingA wreath was specially sent.[15]
Memorial Former Residence
There are three former residences of Lao She, located in Beijing, Chongqing and Shandong respectively.
Former Residence in Beijing
Laoshe Memorial Hall
Located at No. 19, Fufu Hutong, Dengshikou West Street, Dongcheng District, Beijing, the former residence is the place where Lao She lived after liberation. It is an ordinary courtyard that Mr. Lao She bought at his own expense after returning from the United States in 1950.Lao She created more than 20 plays here, including Teahouse.
The former residence was listed by the Beijing Municipal People's Government as the third batch of cultural relics protection units in Beijing in 1984.In 1998, Mrs. Lao She returned to China and donated some of Lao She's calligraphy, paintings and antiques. In the same year, she donated the former residence of Lao She to the country. The next year, with the approval of the State Council, it was officially completed on the original site of the former residenceLaoshe Memorial Hall 。
Chongqing Former Residence
Located at No. 63, Tiansheng New Village, Chongqing, Lao She and his family, who had just undergone cecum surgery, began to settle down here in 1943. Lao She has completed such novels as Cremation, Panic and Famine here.Lao She was almost all in this house in Chongqing during the eight year Anti Japanese War.In 2012, the former residence was officially renamed“Memorial Hall of Four Generations”, open to the society.
Former Residence in Shandong
The former residence in Jinan, Shandong is located at 54 Nanxin Street (now 58 Nanxin Street), Lixia District, Jinan. It is the most famous former residence of Lao She in Jinan, where she gave birth to her eldest daughterShu Ji。In this hut, Lao She wrote a novel《divorce》《The Legend of Niu Tianci》, and included in《Go to market》Most of the short stories in.
The former residence in Qingdao, Shandong is located at No. 12, Huangxian Road, Shinan District, Qingdao. In 2010, it was rebuilt as the "Camel Xiangzi Museum". From 1936 to 1937, Lao She lived here and completed his "first shot of writing career" here -《The Ricksha Boy》。
Literature Awards
To commemorate Mr. Lao She and encourage the creation of excellent literary and artistic works, the Beijing Federation of Literary and Art Circles and Lao She Literature and Art Foundation were founded in 1999Lao She Literature AwardThis award is mainly awarded to Beijing authors for their creation and excellent works published and published in Beijing, and is selected every two to three years.
