Specialized agencies of the Organization of American States
The Inter American Development Bank (IADB), founded on December 30, 1959, is the earliest and largest regionalMultilateral Development Banks。The head office is located in the United StatesWashington。This line isOrganization of American StatesCountries from other regions can also join the specialized agencies of the Bank, but non Latin American countries cannot use the funds of the Bank, and can only participate in the project bidding organized by the Bank.[1]
Gather the strength of all member countries to provide financial and technical support for the economic and social development plans of Latin American and Caribbean member countries, and assist them to make contributions to accelerating economic development and social progress.[1][11]
The organization has 20 founding members (19 Latin American countries and the United States).As of 2006, the bank consists of 28 countries in the Americas, including the United States and Brazil, and 19 members outside the region, including Japan, the United Kingdom, Germany, and South Korea.The publication is Annual Report (English), published in the United States;Latin American Integration (monthly), Spanish, published in Argentina.
China formally applied to the Inter American Development Bank in 1993 and reiterated this application in 2004.In recent years, the economic and trade relations between China and Latin America have developed rapidly. Many Latin American countries also hope that China will join the Inter American Development Bank as soon as possible.However, due to the obstruction of the United States and Japan, China's application was repeatedly blocked.2008Global financial crisisAfter the event, the Inter American Development Bank (IDB) urgently hoped that China would join to jointly respond to the financial crisis. In January 2009, China officially became the 48th member of the IDB, and also the fourth country in Asia to participate in the organization.
The Inter American Development Bank is also calledInter American Development Bank。Its purpose is to "concentrate the strength of member countries to provide financial and technical assistance to the economic and social development plans of Latin American countries", and to help them "individually and collectively contribute to accelerating economic development and social progress".
Principal Responsible Person
Successive presidents
Enkeri Iglesias, Uruguayan, President of the Inter American Development Bank, was re elected for 17 years and resigned on May 31, 2005.
On July 27, 2005, in the election of President of the Inter American Development Bank (IDB), the former Colombian Minister of Economic Development and Colombian Ambassador to the United States at the age of 52Luis Alberto Moreno(LUIS ALBERTO MORENO, Colombian), was elected as the new president of the Inter American Development Bank.Moreno became the fourth president of the Inter American Development Bank since its establishment in 1959.The term of office starts from October 1, 2005, and the term of office is five years. The last two terms of office are renewed until 2020.[1]
On September 12, 2020, senior director of Western Hemisphere Latin American Affairs of the National Security Council of the White HouseMauricio Clavier KaroneyHe was elected the new president of the Inter American Development Bank, which is the first time since the bank was founded that a US official served as the president.[2]
Current President
presidentIlan Goldfarn(Ilan Goldfajn, Brazilian), was elected in November 2022 and served in December.[6-7]
Address of head office
It is located in Washington, USA.[1]
Publications
Annual Report, in English, published in the United States;Integraci ó n Latin America, a monthly magazine, published in Spanish in Argentina.[1]
bank capital
1. Member States' assessment;2. Provided by member countries of developed countries;3. Issue bonds in the world financial markets and relevant countries.When it opened in 1960, it had 813 million dollars.By the end of 2022, the total equity of the Bank was 176.75 billion US dollars.Countries with more subscribed shares are: the United States accounts for 30.006%, Argentina and Brazil account for 11.354%, Mexico accounts for 7.299%, Japan accounts for 5.001%, Canada accounts for 4.001%, Venezuela accounts for 3.403%, Chile and Colombia account for 3.119% respectively.The voting rights of each member state depend on the amount of its share capital.According to the Articles of Association, the voting rights of Latin American and Caribbean countries shall not be less than 50% in any case.By the end of 2022, China's voting rights in the Inter American Development Bank were 0.004%, the Inter American Investment Corporation was 5.26%, and the Multilateral Investment Fund was 3.62%.[1][7][10]
Main activities
Provide loans to promote the economic development of Latin America and the Caribbean, help developing member countries in Latin America and the Caribbean develop trade, and provide technical cooperation for the preparation, preparation and implementation of various development plans and projects.The general funds of banks are mainly used to provide loans to public and private enterprises in Latin American and Caribbean member countries. The annual interest rate is usually 8%, and the loan period is 10-25 years.The special operation fund is mainly used for economic development preferential projects of Latin American and Caribbean member countries, with annual interest of 1~4% and loan period of 20~40 years.The bank is also in chargeU.S.A、Canada、Germany、britain、Norway、Sweden、SwitzerlandandVenezuelaAnd other governments andvatican"Latin America Development Fund".
In the 1960s and 1970s, the Bank mainly provided funds for public projects such as health and education, and gradually increased investment loans to private enterprises since the 1990s.Since its establishment for more than 60 years, the bank's loan scale has grown rapidly. In 1961, the loan amount was $294 million, increased to $10.063 billion in 1998, $5.266 billion in 2000, $7.9 billion in 2001, $4.55 billion in 2002, $12.2 billion in 2008, $13.843 billion in 2014, $11.264 billion in 2015, $9.264 billion in 2016, and $13.202 billion in 2018,It was US $11.3 billion in 2019, US $12.64 billion in 2020, US $14 billion in 2021 and US $12.75 billion in 2022, playing an important role in promoting the economic and social development of Latin America and the Caribbean.
The bank holds annual meetings every year.In April 2006, the 47th annual meeting was held in BrazilBelo HorizonteHeld.The meeting called on all countries to seize the opportunity of the regional economy turning better in recent years, establish more effective public management mechanisms, accelerate infrastructure construction, strive to narrow the gap between rich and poor, and promote sustainable development.All parties emphasized that efforts should be made to support the development of the private sector and make it an important force to eliminate poverty and unbalanced development in the region.
In March 2007, the 48th annual meeting was held in the capital of GuatemalaGuatemala CityIt promised to vigorously eliminate poverty in Latin America and the Caribbean and let more people benefit from economic growth.
In April 2008, the 49th Annual Conference was held in the United StatesMiamiHeld.The meeting stressed that climate change and social development have increased energy consumption in Latin American and Caribbean countries. It is necessary to address the challenges through energy diversification strategies, while improving energy efficiency and reducing environmental pollution.
In March 2009, the 50th annual meeting was held in ColombiaMedellinThe meeting focused on how Latin American and Caribbean countries formulate economic and social policies to cope with the global economic crisis.
In March 2010, the 51st annual meeting was held in Mexicocancun The Cancun Declaration was adopted and an agreement was reached on the capital increase of the Inter American Development Bank and assistance to Haiti.
In March 2011, the 52nd Annual Conference was held in CanadaCalgaryThe meeting reported to the member states on the implementation of the universal capital increase and development strategy, and elected the executive directors of each constituency from 2011 to 2014.
In March 2012, the 53rd annual meeting was held in the capital of UruguayMontevideoThe meeting discussed the capital increase and promised to explore more financing channels and tools to cope with the financial crisis and help small and weak economies tide over difficulties.
In March 2013, the 54th Annual Conference was held in the capital of PanamaPanama CityThe meeting focused on analyzing the economic challenges faced by Latin America and the Caribbean, especially the demand for infrastructure construction.
In March 2014, the 55th Annual Conference was held in Shoipe Beach, Brazil, focusing on improving education and health facilities in Latin America and the Caribbean, improving the efficiency and professionalism of SMEs, increasing cooperation with the private sector, and expanding investment in sustainable energy and energy conservation.
In March 2015, the 56th Annual Conference was held in South KoreaBusanThe meeting focused on the private sector reform, financial policy and institutional strategy update of the Bank.
In April 2016, the 57th Annual Conference was held in the capital of BahamasNassauThe meeting focused on the regional economic situation, climate change, energy challenges and the "Panama Document" event, issued an annual macroeconomic report, called on regional countries to deeply reform their fiscal and tax systems, cut public spending to curb the economic downturn, and announced that the US Development Bank would increase financing in the field of climate change,It will increase from 14% of the total financing at present to 25% - 30% in 2020.The Bank President Moreno reiterated his welcome to Cuba to join CDB.
In March 2017, the 58th Annual Conference was held in the capital of ParaguayAsuncionThe meeting focused on the economic situation in Latin America and the Caribbean, promoting economic integration, tackling climate change, strengthening cooperation with the private sector and other topics.President Moreno stressed that in order to deal with protectionism, we should continue to deepen globalization and integration.Last year, the bank provided 12 billion dollars of loans to the region and 2.7 billion dollars of financing for projects related to climate change.
In March 2018, the 59th Annual Conference was held in ArgentinaMendozaThe meeting focused on topics such as the future development of the Bank and key areas of support.
March 2019, originally scheduled to beChengduThe 60th annual meeting was cancelled for some reason.In July, the 60th annual meeting was held in EcuadorGuayaquilThe meeting was held around equality, inclusivenessThe Fourth Industrial RevolutionClimate change and migration were discussed.In September, the Executive Board Meeting of the 60th Anniversary of the founding of the Inter American Development Bank and the Summit of Heads of State and Government of member countries were held in Washington, the United States.
In September 2020, the Inter American Development Bank held an online special meeting of the Council, and elected Mauricio J. Clavier Karoney as the new president.
In March 2021, the 61st Annual Conference will be held in ColombiaBalankiaThe meeting was held in the form of video. It discussed topics such as the impact of COVID-19, climate change, women's economic empowerment, innovation, health and the role of the private sector, and approved the launch of technical analysis procedures for the US Development Bank's $80 billion capital increase.
In March 2022, the 62nd Annual Conference was held in Washington in the form of video. The conference formulated the "New Business Model Development Path of American Development Bank in the 21st Century" aimed at promoting the institutional reform of American Development Bank, passed the capital increase proposal of American Investment Corporation, authorized the company to develop specific plans, and approved the plan aimed at better solving social problemsStrengthen the private sector and the "New Values Proposition of ADB" to cope with climate change.
In March 2023, the 63rd Annual Conference will be held in Panama. It will discuss issues such as poverty reduction and inequality improvement, biodiversity and sustainable development, infrastructure and regional integration, food security and sustainable energy, climate change, gender and diversification, and release the report Creating a Macro Environment for Restoring Growth,And decided to discuss the capital increase plan of CICA at the next annual meeting.[1][7][10]
Relations with China
Announce
edit
Since 1991, China has been invited to send delegations to participate in the annual meeting of the Inter American Development Bank (hereinafter referred to as "ADB") as observers for 18 consecutive years.In September 1993, the People's Bank of China formally applied to the American Development Bank for joining.In February 1994, President Iglesias was invited to visit China.In September 1995, Ms. Bodesse, Executive Vice President of the Bank, led a delegation to attend the Fourth World Conference on Women held in Beijing.In March 2003, Deputy Director of the International Department of the People's Bank of ChinaHe JianxiongLed a delegation to attend the 44th Annual Conference as an observer.In March 2004,Chrysanthemum morifoliumThe Vice Premier sent a letter to President Iglesias reiterating the application of the People's Bank of China to join the US Development Bank.In March 2004, President of the People's Bank of ChinaZhou XiaochuanLed a delegation to attend the 45th annual meeting as an observer.Iglesias visited China at invitation in May 2004 and April 2005,Zhou WenzhongVice Foreign Minister andYang JiechiThe Vice Foreign Ministers met separately.Assistant to the President of the People's Bank of China in April 2005 and April 2006madlung Led a delegation to attend the 46th and 47th annual sessions as an observer.
In March 2007, Zhou Xiaochuan, President of the People's Bank of China, led a delegation to attend the 48th Annual Conference as an observer, and signed a memorandum with the President of CDB on China's accession to CDB.In April 2008, the International Department of the People's Bank of ChinaJin LuoThe Deputy Director General led a delegation to the 49th Annual Conference.In October 2008, the Executive Board of IDB decided to accept the People's Bank of China as a full member;President Moreno of CDB visited China, and Foreign Minister Yang Jiechi and President Zhou Xiaochuan met respectively.In January 2009, the People's Bank of China formally joined the Inter American Development Bank Group on behalf of China.In March, Zhou Xiaochuan, President of the People's Bank of China, represented China as a full member to attend the 50th Anniversary Annual Meeting of CDB held in Medellin, Colombia.
In March 2010, Zhou Xiaochuan, President of the People's Bank of China, led a delegation to attend the 51st Annual Conference of American Development Bank in Cancun, Mexico.September,Wang QishanVice Premier Yang Jiechi and Foreign Minister Yang Jiechi met respectively with CDB President Moreno who came to China to attend the fourth China Latin America Entrepreneurs Summit.In March 2011, the People's Bank of ChinaGuo QingpingThe Assistant President led a delegation to attend the 52nd Annual Conference of CDB held in Calgary, Canada.In September, Foreign Minister Yang Jiechi met with US Development Bank President Moreno who came to China to attend the annual meeting of the World Economic Forum in Dalian.In March 2012, the People's Bank of China sent a delegation to attend the 53rd annual meeting of the US Development Bank held in Montevideo, the capital of Uruguay.In October, Foreign Minister Yang Jiechi met with visiting US Development Bank President Moreno.The two sides exchanged views on the international, Latin American and Caribbean economic and financial situation and China Latin America relations.In March 2013, Vice President of the People's Bank of ChinaYi GangAttended the 54th Annual Meeting of ADB.September,Ma KaiVice Premier, Vice Minister of Foreign AffairsZhang YesuiAnd met respectively with President Moreno who came to China to attend the annual meeting of the Dalian World Economic Forum.In March 2014, the People's Bank of ChinaGuo QingpingThe Assistant President led a delegation to attend the 55th Annual Meeting of ADB held in Shoipe Beach, Brazil.In September, President Moreno came to China to attendThe 8th Summer Davos ForumVice Premier Ma Kai met with the 8th China Latin America Entrepreneurs Summit.In November, President Moreno was invited to China to attendAPEC Business Leaders Summit。
In January 2015, CDB Vice President Rosa was invited to China to attend the first ministerial meeting of the China CELAC Forum.In March, Yi Gang, Vice President of the People's Bank of China, led a delegation to the 56th Annual Conference held in South Korea, and signed a medium-term strategic cooperation plan between the two banks with CDB.In June, State Councilor Yang Jiechi met with President Moreno at request during the seventh round of the China US Strategic and Economic Dialogue in Washington.
In March 2016, ADB President Moreno was invited to China to attend the China Development Summit Forum and the Boao Forum for Asia, Vice Premier Ma Kai and Minister of FinanceLou JiweiDirector of the Development Research Center of the State CouncilLi WeiChairman of the Silk Road FundJin QiMeet separately.In April, Zhou Xiaochuan, Vice Chairman of the National Committee of the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference and President of the People's Bank of China, led a delegation to attend the 57th Annual Conference held in Nassau, the capital of the Bahamas, and witnessed the signing of a tripartite framework cooperation agreement between the China Latin America Capacity Cooperation Investment Fund and the American Development Bank and its affiliated Inter American Investment Company.In October, Roberto Rosa, Vice President of CDB, came to China to attend the 10th China Latin America Entrepreneurs Summit, Vice Foreign MinisterWang ChaoMeet.
In April 2017, Assistant President of the People's Bank of ChinaZhang XiaohuiLed the delegation to attend the 58th annual meeting held in Asuncion, the capital of Paraguay, and met with ADB President Moreno.From May 11 to 16, President Moreno was invited to China to attend the "Belt and Road" International Cooperation Summit Forum, and made a speech at the parallel theme conferences of "strengthening policy communication and strategic docking" and "promoting financial integration".During the meeting, Ma Kai, Vice Premier of the State Council, met with him. Mo also met with Scriven, CEO of the American Investment Corporation, and President of the Asian Infrastructure Investment BankJin LiqunSign a framework cooperation agreement.From November 30 to December 2, President Moreno attended and addressed the 11th China Latin America Entrepreneurs Summit held in Dongjiao, Uruguay.
In January 2018, Lu Bo, the general manager of the US Development Bank in South America, attended the second ministerial meeting of the China Latin America Forum held in Santiago, Chile, and participated in the collective meeting of Foreign Minister Wang Yi.In March, Vice President of the People's Bank of ChinaChen YuluLed the delegation to attend the launching ceremony of the 59th and 60th annual conferences held in Mendoza, Argentina.In October, President Moreno paid a visit to China,Liu HeVice Premier, President of the People's Bank of ChinaYi GangVice Minister of Foreign AffairsLe YuchengVice Minister of FinanceZou JiayiChairman of the Silk Road FundJin QiMeet with them respectively.In November, Vice President Wang Qishan met with President Moreno while attending the Innovation Economic Forum in Singapore.
In March 2019, the 60th Annual Meeting of American Development Bank, originally scheduled to be held in Chengdu, was cancelled for some reason.In April, CDB sent representatives to attend theThe Second Belt and Road Forum for International Cooperation。In November, President Moreno was invited to attend the Innovation Economic Forum held in Beijing and attend the collective meeting of President Xi Jinping.governor of the People's Bank of ChinaYi GangVice Minister of Foreign AffairsQin GangAnd met with them respectively.
From September 12 to 13, 2020, the Bank held a general election of its president in the form of a special online board meeting, and the People's Bank of China sent staff to attend the meeting.
In March 2022, the People's Bank of China sent personnel online to attend the 62nd Annual Conference of American Development Bank.
In March 2023, Vice President of the People's Bank of ChinaZhang QingsongLed a delegation to attend the 63rd annual meeting of CDB in Panama.[3][7-9]
Organization
Announce
edit
IDB Badge
1. Council: the highest authority, composed of one member appointed by each member state, holds one meeting every year.The directors are usually ministers of economy and finance, governors of central banks or other persons holding similar positions.
2. Executive Board: a standing executive body under the leadership of the Council, composed of 14 directors, including 9 members from Latin American and Caribbean countries, 1 from the United States and Canada, and 3 members from other regions. The term of office is three years.
3. President and Vice President: preside over daily work under the leadership of the Executive Board.The President shall be elected by the Executive Board of Directors for a term of five years, and the Vice President shall be appointed by the Executive Board of Directors.
4. Branches: Offices are set up in the capitals of Latin American and Caribbean member countries, Madrid and Tokyo.
5. Investment institution: (1) Inter American Investment Corporation IDB INVEST, established in 1989, is a wholly-owned subsidiary of the Inter American Development Bank, aiming to promote the development of the region by providing financing to small and medium-sized enterprises.There are 48 member countries, 26 of which are Latin American and Caribbean countries.The Inter American Development Bank has established a new company on the basis of the investment company since 2013, and injected $2.03 billion into the new company in 2015, including $1.305 billion from member countries.(2) The Multilateral Investment Fund (MIF) was established in 1993 with the main purpose of creating a better investment environment for private enterprises and promoting their development. It was funded by 39 member countries and managed by the Inter American Development Bank.
6. Latin American Integration Institute: established in 1964 and located in Buenos Aires, the capital of Argentina, it is responsible for training senior technical personnel, studying major economic, legal and social issues, and providing advice to the member countries of the Bank.[7][10-11]
Source of funds
Announce
edit
1. Member States' assessment;
2. Provided by member countries of developed countries;
3. Issue bonds in the world financial market and relevant countries.
The Bank mainly provides loans to member countries to promote economic development in Latin America and help them develop trade.Provide technical cooperation for the preparation, preparation and implementation of various development plans and projects.The general funds of banks are mainly used to provide loans to public and private enterprises in Latin America, with an annual interest rate of 8% and a loan term of 10-25 years.The special business fund is mainly used for economic development projects in Latin America, with an annual interest rate of 1-4% and a loan period of 20-40 years.
detailed information
Announce
edit
date of establishment
December 30, 1959.This line isOrganization of American StatesOther countries in other regions can also join.Non Latin American countries cannot use the funds of the Bank, but can participate in the project bidding organized by the Bank.[1]
provide aid
In May 2019, the Inter American Development Bank (IDB) granted Ecuador the first loan of US $500 million.On July 3, the Inter American Development Bank approved a US $300 million loan to Ecuador to support the "economic prosperity plan" pursued by the government of Ecuador.[4]
On April 17, 2020, the Inter American Development Bank announced that the first anti epidemic fund of US $25.3 million had been released to Ecuador, which would mainly be used to improve the conditions of intensive care units in 28 hospitals in Guayas Province, the epicenter of the Ecuadorian epidemic, and provide protective equipment for its medical staff.The loan is the first of more than 700 million dollars of rescue funds that the Inter American Development Bank has promised to Ecuador.[5]
