Government agencies established by the United States Congress
American Atomic Energy CommissionyesUS CongressstayWorld War IIThe government agencies established by subsequent legislation are intended to promote and manageatomic energyPeaceful uses in science and technology.TrumanpresidentOn August 1, 1946, the General's control of nuclear power was transferred to the above-mentioned civilian institutionsAtomic Energy Act of 1946This act was enacted in 1947New Year's Daytake effect.
Chinese name
American Atomic Energy Commission
Foreign name
AEC
Period of existence
1946-1974
Category
Government agencies established by the United States Congress
The 1946 Atomic Energy Act reflects the optimism of the US Congress after the war that atomic energy can promote world peace, public welfare and free competition of enterprises. However, President Truman signed the bill after intense debate in the political, military and scientific circles.David Lilienthal (David Lilienthal) was appointed as the first Chairman of the Atomic Energy Commission.
The Congress gave the new Atomic Energy Commission special independent functions and powers: the Commission can freely appoint experts and scholars, and the provisions of the general civil service system are not applicable;For safety reasons, all nuclear production equipmentnuclear reactorRelevant technical information and research results are controlled by the committee.National Laboratory System(National Laboratory system) is based on the Manhattan Plan, in whichArgonne National LaboratoryIt was one of the first laboratories authorized by the Atomic Energy Act of 1946 to carry out the tasks of the Atomic Energy Commission.
stayUS Nuclear Regulatory CommissionBefore the establishment of the Nuclear Regulatory Commission, nuclear control was the business of the Atomic Energy Commission.In 1954, the United States Congress passed an amendment to the Atomic Energy Act, giving the Atomic Energy Commission the authority to promote and regulate the use of nuclear energy, making the development of commercial nuclear energy feasible.Therefore, the Atomic Energy Commission must establish control standards to protect the safety of the general public, and at the same time avoid setting too strict standards to restrict the development of industry, which is a very difficult thing.In the 1960s, many nuclear control standards were criticized as too weak, includingRadiation dose standardEnvironmental protection standards, nuclear reactor location and safety standards.In 1974, the Congress finally decided to divide the business of the Atomic Energy Commission into two partsEnergy Reorganization Act (Energy Reorganization Act)Nuclear Regulation Commission Implementation (commenced on January 19, 1975), and the business of promoting the use of nuclear energy was entrusted toEnergy Research and Development Agency(Energy Research and Development Administration, later incorporated intoMinistry of Energy）Execution.[1]
