It was proved and purified in 1928 and 1943.Natural CCKChemical structureThere are many kinds, including CCK-33, CCK-39, CCK-58, and an 8-peptide CCK isolated from goat and human cerebellum.CCK containing cells exist inmammalduodenumandjejunumThe cells of mucosa are the same as those of human intestinal I cells.In 1978, it was found that CCK still existed incentral nervous systemAnd its content is larger than that of small intestineInternal content, present in cortexfrontal lobe, piriform cortex, caudate nucleus, hippocampusthalamus、hypothalamus、cerebellumandDiencephalon。CCK degrades quickly in blood, and its half-life is about 3 minutes.It has a variety of biological effects, mainly stimulatingPancreatinSecretion and synthesis, enhance pancreatic bicarbonate secretion, stimulate gallbladder contraction and Odie'sphysiological sphincterRelaxation can also excite the liverBile secretionIt can regulate the movement of the small intestine and colon, and can also be used as a satiety factor to regulate food intake.
Background
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A study published in AJP - Gastrointestinal and Liver Physiology (American Journal of Gastroenterology and Liver Physiology) in January 2004 showed that cholecystokinin plays a role in regulating and coordinating gastrointestinal activities and is an important medium for food intake control.
Johns Hopkinsmedical collegeDr. Moran TH ofNutrientsIt gathers in the stomach and gradually enters the small intestine.The intake of nutrients will cause a series ofPhysiological responseSo as to promote the overall digestion process.
Researchers pointed out that during the process of eating, various kinds ofneuropeptideandNeurotransmitter, further coordinate the secretion and movement of gastrointestinal tract, and finally lead toSatietyAnd stop eating.Cholecystokinin is a brain/intestinal hormone, and food intake promotes its secretion.
Dr. Moran believes that cholecystokinin plays a variety of roles in regulating and coordinating gastrointestinal activities and is an important medium for food intake control.
Terminology
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Cholecystokinin (CCK)It is released by intestinal mucosa I cellsPeptide hormone。Its main function is to promote the secretion of various pancreatic acinidigestive enzymePromote gallbladder contraction and dischargebile, promoting water and HCO3 -Secretory actionWeak.CCK can also act onvagusAfferent fibers, stimulated by vagal vagal reflexPancreatinSecretion.CCK via activationphospholipidAcyl alcohol system plays a role in the pancreas under the mediation of Ca2+.CCK andSecretinhaveSynergy。
After eating,ProteolysisThe product can stimulate the intestinal mucosa to release a cholecystokininReleasing peptide, stimulates small intestinal mucosa ICell secretionCCK。The factors that cause CCK secretion from strong to weak are:ProteolysisProductsfatty acidSalt, HCl, fat and sugar have no effect.In addition,insulinIt can enhance the amylase secretion effect of cholecystokinin.
Cholecystokinin releasing peptide secreted by small intestinal mucosaTrypsinVery sensitive, trypsin can make CCK release peptideInactivationTherefore, CCK release andPancreatinAfter the secretion increases, trypsin will make it lose its activity again, thus feedback inhibits the further secretion of CCK and trypsin.The physiological significance of feedback regulation of pancreatic enzyme secretion is to prevent excessive pancreatic enzyme secretion.I putgastrinThe interactions of secretin, cholecystokinin and their roles in digestion are summarized in the following table:
Reduce the secretion of trypsin, that is to say, reduce the amount of food in the dietDry FruitsAnd vegetables.That's why I like to eatAnimal visceraThe more people eat with dried fruits, the more they want to eat.
principle
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Through special food and various enzymes in the bodyCompound actionHelps to decompose protein decomposition products, fatty acid salts, HCl, etc. to stimulate CCK（Cholecystokinin）Secreted decomposition factor, stimulatinghypothalamusInside, a large number of satiety signals are generated.
CCK is easily degraded in blood to lose its activityhalf lifeAbout 3 minutes.This needs to be suppressedTrypsinAnd continuously decompose CCK decomposition factor to stimulate CCK secretion, so that the satiety signal continues to be smallthalamus。And act onFeeding center(Feeding Center)NeuroinhibitionAppetite generation.
