Structural health monitoring

Strategy and process of damage identification and characterization for engineering structures

This entry is made by Compilation and application of scientific encyclopedia entries of "Science Popularization China" to examine.

Structural health monitoring It refers to the engineering structure damage Identification and Characterize Policy and process 。 Structural damage refers to the structure Material Science Parameters and geometry Change of characteristics. The structural health monitoring process involves the use of periodic sampling sensor The array obtains the structural response, the extraction of damage sensitive indicators, and the statistical analysis of damage sensitive indicators to determine the current structural health status.

Chinese name: Structural health monitoring

Foreign name: Structural health monitoring

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Structural health monitoring It refers to the engineering structure damage Identification and Characterize The strategy and process of. Structural damage refers to the structure Material Science Parameters and geometry Change of characteristics. The structural health monitoring process involves the use of periodic sampling sensor The array obtains the structural response, the extraction of damage sensitive indicators, and the statistical analysis of damage sensitive indicators to determine the current structural health status.^[1]

Deformation monitoring

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Deformation monitoring It refers to the use of special instruments and certain methods to shape or volume The change of measure Work. The observation value obtained from deformation monitoring is the result of change line analysis Predictive Maintenance The main basis for.

With the progress of society and the development of economy, a large number of engineering construction has been carried out all over the world, and more buildings with strange shapes and large scales have appeared all over the world. Due to design, construction quality and other defects, the engineering buildings are deformed during construction and operation. If the deformation exceeds the limit, the use of buildings will be affected, or even collapse And other accidents. Because deformation monitoring can provide necessary information for judging the safety of engineering buildings, the significance of deformation monitoring is more important.^[1]

method

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Ground monitoring method --Use high-precision measuring instruments (such as Theodolite 、 Level 、 total station Measure the change of angle, side length and elevation of the deformed body to detect its deformation. It is the main method of deformation monitoring at present.
Ground photogrammetry --Set movie camera Place it on a relatively stable point around the deformable body to take photos of the deformable body. The obtained image is processed to obtain the two-dimensional or three-dimensional coordinates of the target point on the deformable body. By comparing the coordinates of the target point at different times, their displacement can be obtained. along with computer Technology and Photogrammetry With the development of GIS, this method has been widely used in deformation monitoring.
GPS deformation monitoring --The application of GPS in deformation monitoring has the advantages of high precision, fast speed, simple operation and high degree of automation.
Satellite telemetry technology -- synthetic aperture radar (SAR) is a kind of microwave sensor successfully developed in the late 1950s, and it is also one of the most rapidly developed and effective microwave sensors. With the rapid development of SAR technology, a new interdisciplinary synthetic aperture radar interferometry InSAR emerged at the end of the 1960s. It is a perfect combination of SAR and radio astronomy interferometry technology. This technology is particularly suitable for monitoring and forecasting large-scale landslides, collapses, debris flows, ground fissures, land subsidence and other geological disasters, and its accuracy can reach the millimeter scale, It is a fast and economical space exploration high-tech.
Other measurement methods --Strain measurement, collimation measurement, tilt measurement.^[1]

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