tissue factor

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Transmembrane single chain glycoprotein composed of amino acid residues

The organizational factor is Amino acid residue The transmembrane single chain glycoprotein human body sine qua non.

Chinese name: tissue factor
Foreign name: TF，Tissue factor

Nature: factor
Properties: organization
Is amino acid residue: Composed transmembrane single chain glycoprotein

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one Medicinal value
two Efficacy

Medicinal value

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The organizational factor consists of 263 Amino acid residue It is composed of transmembrane single chain glycoprotein with a molecular weight of about 47 kDa. The 219 amino acid residues in the amino terminal are located outside the cell membrane, followed by 23 amino acid residues passing through the cell membrane, and the remaining 21 amino acid residues are located in the cytoplasm. Under normal circumstances, tissue factors are located in the outer membrane cells of the blood vessel wall, fibroblasts surrounding the blood vessels, fiber sacs of liver, spleen, kidney and other organs, and epidermal cells in the outer layer of the skin Glomerular epithelial cells , cerebral cortex Cardiac myocyte 、 alveolar macrophage Gastrointestinal tract wall, part of genitourinary tract and endometrium Stroma cell However, it is rare in the vascular media or intima. Therefore, under normal circumstances, tissue factor does not exist in the circulation or does not contact with circulating blood. TF is only exposed to circulating blood when the integrity of vascular wall is damaged, and plays a hemostatic role by activating coagulation cascade reaction.

Efficacy

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Tissue factor initiates blood coagulation cascade reaction by combining with factor Ⅶ/Ⅶ a. Moreover, TF plays an "anchor" role by its close combination with cell membrane, so that the physiological coagulation process is limited to the injured part, rather than from Blood coagulation The start of the spread to the distance. TF starts the process of blood coagulation when cell surface Expressed TF exposed to Plasma protein TF will adhere to factor Ⅶ (F Ⅶ) with high affinity. Free factor Ⅶ a (F Ⅶ a) and/or formed TF2 - Ⅶ a complex can activate the transformation of TF2F Ⅶ complex into TF - Ⅶ a complex, and TF - Ⅶ a complex can further activate free F Ⅶ. These mechanisms are called TF mediated F Ⅶ self activation. TF - Ⅶ a complex can rapidly catalyze the activation of factor X. In addition, TF - Ⅶ a can activate factor Ⅸ at a lower rate, and the activated factor Ⅸ a can activate factor X to transform into factor Xa in the presence of cofactor Ⅷ. These processes eventually lead to the production of thrombin. Thrombin further catalyzes fibrin The protein is transformed into fibrin and polymerized into fibrin clots. That is, TF can be activated simultaneously Coagulation factor Ⅸ and Ⅹ, start internal and external thrombin linked amplification reaction Thrombosis It plays an important role in the process. However, TF and F Ⅶ alone have no procoagulant activity at physiological concentration.

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