Red phosphorus[5]）Also known as red phosphorus, it is a purplish red amorphous powder, shiny and non-toxic.Under high pressure, heat to 590 ℃ to start melting. If not pressurized, it will not melt and sublimate. After vaporization, it will condense to get white phosphorus.Red phosphorus with PfourThe single bond of tetrahedron forms a highly polymerized structure of chain or ring, with high stability. It is insoluble in water and carbon disulfide, slightly soluble in anhydrous ethanol, and soluble in alkaline solution.It reacts with nitric acid to generate phosphoric acid, and is heated in chlorine to generate chloride.Yellow phosphorus is heated to 250 ℃ under normal pressure in vacuum for several days, and gradually transformed into red phosphorus.Red phosphorus can be used as diffusion source, organic synthesis and match making in semiconductor industry, as well as insecticide, rodenticide, fireworks and smoke bombs.[1-2]
Solubility: insoluble in water and carbon disulfide, slightly soluble in anhydrous ethanol, soluble in alkaline solution[3]
First aid measures
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Skin contact: Take off the contaminated clothes and wash the skin thoroughly with soapy water and clean water.[4]
Eye contact: lift the eyelid, wash with flowing water or physiological saline, and seek medical advice.[4]
Inhalation: quickly leave the site to a place with fresh air to keep the respiratory tract unobstructed. If breathing is difficult, give oxygen. If breathing stops, give artificial respiration immediately.Get medical attention.[4]
Ingestion: drink enough warm water to induce vomiting.Get medical attention.[4]
Fire fighting measures
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Hazard characteristics: In case of open fire, high heat, friction and impact, there is a risk of combustion. It can burn when mixed with bromine. It forms compounds with very sensitive explosive properties with most oxidants, such as chlorate, nitrate, perchlorate or permanganate, and emits toxic and irritating smoke when burning.[4]
Hazardous combustion products: phosphorus oxide and phosphane.[4]
Extinguishing method: a small fire can be smothered with dry sand, and a large fire can be extinguished with water. After the fire is extinguished, it must be covered with wet sand to prevent rekindling. When cleaning, care must be taken to avoid burns.[4]
Leakage emergency treatment
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Isolate the leakage contaminated area and restrict access.Cut off the fire source. It is recommended that emergency treatment personnel wear dust masks and do not directly contact the leakage,
Small amount of leakage: cover it with wet sand or soil, collect it in a dry, clean and covered container, pour it into an open place, and burn it after drying.
Large amount of leakage: wet with water, then use non sparking tools to collect and recycle or transport to waste disposal site for disposal.[4]
Handling and storage
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Operation precautions
For enclosed operation and local air exhaust, operators must receive special training and strictly abide by the operating procedures. It is recommended that operators wear self-priming filter dust masks, chemical safety goggles, remote fire and heat sources. Smoking is strictly prohibited in the workplace.Explosion proof ventilation system and equipment shall be used to avoid dust generation, contact with chlorination agents, halogens and halides. During handling, they shall be loaded and unloaded with care to prevent damage to packaging and containers. Vibration, impact and friction are prohibited. Fire fighting equipment and leakage emergency treatment equipment of corresponding types and quantities shall be equipped. Empty containers may have harmful substances left.[4]
Precautions for storage
It shall be stored in a cool and ventilated warehouse with high ignition and heat source. The temperature of the warehouse shall not exceed 32 ℃ and the relative humidity shall not exceed 80%. It shall be stored separately from oxidants, halogens, halides, etc. It shall not be mixed. Explosion proof lighting and ventilation facilities shall be used. It is forbidden to use mechanical equipment and tools that are prone to spark. The storage area shall be equipped with appropriate materials to contain leakage and shall not be vibrated,Impact and friction.[4]
transport
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Hazard code: 41001
UN No.: 1338
Packing mark: flammable solid
Packaging category: Class III packaging
Packing method: solid wooden case outside the metal container;Screw mouth glass bottle, iron cap pressure mouth glass bottle, plastic bottle or ordinary wooden case outside metal bucket (can).
Precautions for transportation: the transportation vehicles shall be equipped with fire fighting equipment of corresponding types and quantities and leakage emergency treatment equipment.The exhaust pipe of the vehicle transporting this product must be equipped with a fire retardant device.During transportation, the container shall not leak, collapse, fall or be damaged.It is strictly prohibited to mix with oxidant, halogen, halide, etc.During transportation, it shall be protected from sun exposure, rain and high temperature.Keep away from kindling and heat sources during stopover.Thoroughly clean the vehicle after transportation.It is forbidden to slip during railway transportation.
purpose
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Red phosphorus can be used to prepare semiconductor compounds and as a dopant for semiconductor materials.It can be used for flame retardant polyols, polystyrene, polyester, nylon, polycarbonate, polyoxymethylene, epoxy resin, unsaturated resin, rubber, textiles, etc.It is particularly effective for flame retardancy of oxygen containing polymers such as polyethylene terephthalate, polycarbonate and phenolic resin.Compared with other phosphorus flame retardants, red phosphorus of the same quality can produce more phosphoric acid, which can not only cover the surface of the flame retardant material, but also accelerate dehydration and carbonization on the surface of the material. The formation of liquid film and carbon layer can separate the external oxygen, volatile combustibles and heat from the internal polymer matrix, thus interrupting combustion.Because the amount of red phosphorus is small when meeting the same flame retardant requirements, and the melting point of red phosphorus is high, the solubility is poor, so some physical properties of red phosphorus flame retardant polymers are better than similar polymers made with general flame retardants.The combination of red phosphorus and halogen flame retardants can improve the flame retardancy efficiency.Red phosphorus can also be used to make matches, fireworks, aluminum phosphide, phosphorus pentoxide, phosphorus trichloride, etc.It is the raw material for producing organophosphorus pesticides.Metallurgical industry is used to make phosphor bronze sheet.It is also used for deacidification of light metals and pharmaceuticals.For organic synthesis.[3]
