Juvenile is the larva of incomplete metamorphosis, aquatic, breathing with gills;Adults are terrestrial and breathe by trachea;The two are different in morphology and habits. Young dragonflies, mayboas, etc[1]。
The adult insects will lay eggs after mating,Complete metamorphosisInsects of the same kind, from eggsIncubationThe small insects that come out need to go through four ecological stages: egg, larva, pupa and adult.Juveniles andnymphThe third place of insects is missingPupal stage, are incomplete metamorphosis insects.If the appearance of the larval stage is different from that of the adult, it is called a larva, such asdragonfly、DamselflyEtc.The juveniles of dragonflies and damselflies are calledWater dobby, living in a pool, carnivorousfrogorToadLarva oftadpoleAnd so on.
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Ephemeroptera juveniles need to molt continuously during their growth and development, and they can develop into sub adults only after 15~25 molts.The growth rate of juveniles is most affected by seasonal water temperature changes.There are also a few species of larvae whose growth speed is not affected by water temperature, especially in winter, they continue to grow at the same speed.However, in any case, the growth rate of larvae is generally slow in winter due to the lower water temperature.The gills of juveniles are both respiratory organs and ventilation organs.The factors that affect the respiration of juveniles include temperature, light intensity and growth period.For many species living in caves and ponds, their juveniles can generally live in relatively low oxygen concentrations for a long time.Under the condition of hypoxia, the juveniles can also show special behavior, that is, they can move to a habitat with more oxygen to live.At some stage of their lives, all mayflies will carry out population movement.The population movement of mayfly in the larval stage can be random, directional or seasonal.Especially the nymphs of the genus Ephemeris, which drift in flowing waterinvertebrateThis drifting has a strong periodicity, that is, it reaches the peak at the dark time every day[2]。
Diurnal eclosion: In temperate regions, most mayflies eclosion occurs at dusk, clearly showing the diurnal pattern.However, some species, such as the ephemeral larvae of Lepidoptera, which have a shorter lifespan, emerge at dawn or dusk, and some ephemeral larvae of the genera Ephemeris and Lepidoptera emerge at noon.Wind, temperature, rainfall, smoke and irradiance all affect the eclosion of all day night mayfly larvae.
Seasonal eclosion: Ephemeroptera lives in the Arctic. Due to the restrictions of natural conditions such as ice and low temperature, the eclosion of juveniles generally takes place in warmer summer, and other times they are in a dormant state.
