Humboldt Current

Humboldt Cold Current

Peru Peru Current, also known as Humboldt Cold Current, is a Compensation flow Is the most powerful branch of the cold current and the largest in the world Compensation flow 。 It is a low salinity Of ocean current , along South America The west bank extends from the southern tip of Chile to the northern part of Peru antarctic It flows towards the equator and extends westward to 1000 kilometers away from the coast of South America at the north end. Its impact can even reach Cologne Islands 。 famous el nino phenomenon and La Nina The phenomenon is closely related to the Peru cold current.

Chinese name: Humboldt Current
Properties: cold current

Nature: Cold sea flooding
Form a fishing ground: Peru fishing ground, one of the four largest fishing grounds in the world
Name reason: The cold current is close to Peru

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one Range
two climate
three resources

Range

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Humboldt Current

Peru Cold current begins South Latitude About 50 ° Westerly drift , due to the westerly drift South America Blocking, part of the water flows northward. It is close to the west coast of South America Chile 、 Peru 、 Ecuador And other countries flow northward to the equatorial sea area Galapagos Islands Nearby, turning westward, the water temperature gradually rises, and finally becomes the Pacific Ocean South Equatorial Warm Current 。 This ocean current It is 3700~5500 km long and more than 370 km wide, with an average flow rate of 0.9 km per hour.

climate

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In the process of northward flow, due to the influence of geostrophic bias force, the prevailing southerly wind and Southeast wind , the surface water deviates westward from the coast, making the middle layer cold water flood to the sea surface with an average of 100 meters per second, Sea water temperature Very low. The annual average water temperature is generally 14 °~16 ℃, 7 °~10 ℃ lower than the ambient temperature, which makes the ocean surface near the coast cloudy and the sunshine weak.

Peru The cold current is leading to coastal areas and Ecuador Important causes of drought in the south: Onshore wind It is cooled by cold current and cannot cause precipitation. This current significantly reduces the southeast the pacific ocean 的海水温度，使赤道上的 Galapagos Islands Penguins survive.

resources

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Peru Great cold current Marine ecosystem Is one of the most important Upflow System, supporting a large number of marine organism , 18% - 20% of the world's annual fishery catch comes from Ecosystem 。 The flooding of seawater brings a lot of nitrate, phosphate, etc Nutrients , promote the mass propagation of plankton fish It provides abundant bait, so the Peruvian coast has become one of the world's famous fishing grounds—— Peru Fishing Ground 。 The Peruvian fishery is located along the Peruvian coast in the southeast of the Pacific Ocean. The Peru cold current flowing along the coast of Peru Southeast trade wind And the south wind, and Deflection force of earth rotation The influence of Offshore flow , carried by lower seawater Nitrate 、 phosphate Upwelling of quasi nutrients, plankton Abundant Cold water fish , with anchovy（ sardine ）, bonito, cod, etc., of which Anchovy The output ranks first in the world. Peru alone catches more than 10 million tons of fish every year, 98% of which are anchovy. It is one of the world's famous fishing grounds.

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