To comprehensively promote our citizensScientific qualityIn 2006, the State Council promulgated the Outline of the National Science Literacy Action Plan, which willMaster of Science PopularizationCultivation is the basic project of citizens' scientific quality construction.On January 17, 2012, the then State CouncilorLiu YandongAt the report meeting on the implementation of the Outline of the Action Plan for the Scientific Literacy of the Whole People, it was made that "we should actively explore the establishment of science popularization related majors and courses in colleges and universities, and cultivate undergraduate or graduate studentspolular scienceTalent ".
Science popularizationScience communicationIt refers to the activities of popularizing natural science and social science knowledge, spreading scientific ideas, carrying forward scientific spirit, advocating scientific methods and promoting the application of science and technology in a way that is easy for the public to understand, accept and participate in.
type
Announce
edit
Master of Science PopularizationScientific qualityAnd those who have professional skills in science popularization, are engaged in science popularization practice and creative work, and make positive contributions.The types of science popularization masters include: science popularization venue professionals, science popularization creation and design talents, science popularization research and development talents, science popularization media talents, science popularization industry management talents and science popularization activity planning and organization talents.
Production process
Announce
edit
First Master of Science Popularization of Huazhong University of Science and Technology
The construction of popular science talents is an important guarantee for improving citizens' scientific quality.In order to comprehensively promote the construction of citizens' scientific quality in China, the State Council issued the Outline of the Action Plan for the Scientific Quality of the Whole People in 2006, which regards the construction of science popularization talents as the basic project of citizens' scientific quality construction.On January 17, 2012, Liu Yandong, the then State Councilor, made an important instruction to "actively explore the opening of science popularization related majors and courses in colleges and universities, and cultivate science popularization talents at the undergraduate or graduate stage" at the report meeting on the implementation of the Outline of the National Science Literacy Action Plan.In order to implement the spirit of the Central Committee and solve the problem of shortage of popular science talents.On August 13, 2012, 11 academicians participated《Scientists face to face with the media》[3]In discussion, semiconductor physicistsChu JunhaoAcademicians proposed that in addition to scientists doing science popularization work, they should train some talents specialized in science popularization work, which was approved by many academicians present.Xu Yanhao, Secretary of the Secretariat of the Chinese Association for Science and Technology, responded that the Chinese Association for Science and Technology and the Ministry of Education jointly mobilized sixnine hundred and eighty-fiveThe university set up the Master of Science Popularization major, and 150 master of science postgraduates were recruited in the first session.The six 985 universities includeTsinghua University, Zhejiang University,Huazhong University of Science and Technology，Beijing Normal University，Beijing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics，East China Normal University。
necessity
Announce
edit
Shortage of popular science talents
As of 2012, China has 13.06 full-time and part-time science popularization workers per 10000 people《The 12th Five Year Plan for National Science and Technology Popularization》[4]There is still a gap in the requirement of 15 full-time and part-time science popularization workers per 10000 people during the "12th Five Year Plan".There are 1751400 science popularization talents in China, including 223400 full-time talents, 840300 science popularization talents with intermediate professional title or above or bachelor's degree or above. The total number of science popularization talents in China will reach 4 million by 2020, including 500000 full-time talents,There is a big gap to reach the goal of 3 million popular science talents with intermediate professional titles or above or bachelor's degree or above.
Urgency of science popularization
With the deepening of reform and opening up and the continuous improvement of the socialist market economic systemScientific Outlook on DevelopmentUnder the guidance, China's science popularization has made great progress. Improving the scientific quality of the whole people and improving the national independent innovation ability have become the core strategy of China's national development.However, the public welfare science popularization that should be led by the government has been under invested for a long time, and the market led operational science popularization industry has been relying on the government for a long time, confusing the public welfare science popularization with the operational science popularization industry, which has seriously hampered the development of science popularization.Therefore, during the 12th Five Year Plan period[5]During this period, the urgency of further developing the business oriented science popularization industry is shown in the following aspects: First, the traditional work mode of science popularization is no longer suitable for the rapid development of modern technology.Second, the single popularization of natural science and technology has not met the requirements of scientific development.Third, the lack of government science popularization resources affects the needs of people at different levels.
From Chinapolular scienceIn terms of current demand, China is adeveloping countryThere are great differences and imbalances in the level of economic and social development in different regions, which has led to significant differences in the needs of different regions and people in science popularization in China.This difference in demand requires science popularization not only to benefit all members of the society, but also to carry out more targeted science popularization work for various groups of different types, different levels of knowledge and in different social environments.At the same time, rapid response and wide publicity should be carried out to various emergencies (such as SARS and other major epidemics, earthquakes and other major disasters) in the process of social development.Such complicated science popularization work obviously needs the support of a large number of science popularization resources. It is far from enough to rely on the deployment of the government alone, and high-level science popularization talents are the top priority.
culture
Announce
edit
Master of Science
In 2012, the Ministry of Education and the China Association for Science and Technology jointly carried out the pilot work to promote the cultivation of high-level science popularization professionals,Huazhong University of Science and Technology、Beijing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics、Beijing Normal University6 universities including East China Normal University and China Science and Technology Museum, Shanghai Science and Technology Museum, Shandong Science and Technology Museum, Zhejiang Science and Technology Museum, Hubei Science and Technology MuseumWuhan Science and Technology MuseumAnd Guangdong Science Center.The pilot work in three directions, namely, training science popularization education talents, science popularization product creativity and design talents, and science popularization media talents, has been carried out in advance since 2012.Xu Yanhao, secretary of the Secretariat of the Chinese Association for Science and Technology, said that the Master of Science Education is intended to cultivate China's professional science popularization team.
Master of Science Popularization courses include Museology, History of Science and Philosophy of Science, Digital Science Popularization, Introduction to Science and Technology Venues, Science Education, Psychological Development and Education of Teenagers, Popular Science Exhibition and Exhibition Design《Communication Psychology》, Digital Media Arts and Technology《speech and eloquence 》And so on.Chinese science popularization elites and university teachers give lectures jointly, and EU science popularization experts are also introduced to talk about high-end lectures.
As the main place for science popularization activities, science and technology venues play an irreplaceable role in cultivating and developing the scientific literacy of the public;Therefore, it is important to deeply understand and study the operation and management of science and technology venues and cultivate a sense of mission for science popularizationMaster of Science PopularizationThe learning content that must be completed.
Reported by People's Daily Online and China News Online
In 2015, China will produce the first batch of science popularization professionals with graduate degrees.It was learned yesterday that as one of the first pilot universities in China,Huazhong University of Science and Technology30 science popularization masters are being trained, and the second batch of enrollment reexamination will be held on the 20th of this month[8]。
Eleven academicians jointly proposed to cultivate science popularization talents, and Huazhong University of Science and Technology was listed as a national pilot
It is understood that the establishment of Master of Science Popularization is mainly due to the proposal of academicians.Two years ago, 11 academicians, including semiconductor physicist Chu Junhao, participated in the discussion of "Face to face Scientists and the Media" and proposed that in addition to scientists to do science popularization, some high-level talents specialized in science popularization should be trained.In that year, the Ministry of Education and the China Association for Science and Technology jointly mobilized six universities, including Tsinghua University, Zhejiang University, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, and Beijing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics“985 project”Universities and colleges set up the Master of Science Popularization major to pilot the cultivation of Master of Science Popularization.
The first 30 students are all science and engineering students, and the curriculum focuses on the history of science and technology
According to the relevant person in charge of the Academy of Educational Sciences of Huazhong University of Science and Technology, the Master of Science Popularization is a professional master, and the threshold for applying for the exam is not high, as long as the major is a science and engineering undergraduate.Most of the first 30 people recruited were fresh students, including Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan UniversityHuazhong Agricultural UniversityAnd other key universities.They have a wide range of professional backgrounds, such as machinery, architecture, computer and even industrial design.
It is reported that as a new major, the curriculum system of the Master of Science Popularization is not perfect. At present, in addition to science and technology related courses such as history of science and technology, philosophy of science, digital science popularization, introduction to science and technology venues, popular science exhibition and exhibit design, there are also communication, psychology, speech and eloquence."Since there are no teachers specialized in science popularization, seven or eight teachers are borrowed from colleges and majors in pedagogy, journalism, psychology, scientific philosophy, software, etc.".
The person in charge said that it is an important course content to carry out science popularization training in the Science and Technology Museum.Science popularization master students have begun to work in the Museum of China University of Geosciences (Wuhan)Daye Iron Mine Museum、Huangshi Tonglushan Ancient Copper Mine Site Museum, Huangshi Science and Technology Museum, Hubei Provincial Science and Technology Museum Exhibition Center, etc.
Employment destination is not only science and technology museum, but also for in-service staff
The first batch of science popularization masters will graduate next year.Master class teacherSharon The reporter was told that at present, there is a huge gap of high-level science popularization talents in China.In addition to working in science and technology museums, graduates of science popularization masters can also engage in science popularization products and exhibition design, science popularization media, science popularization industry management and other jobs, and the employment range is not narrow.
It is understood that as a pilot college,East China Normal UniversityThe Master of Science Popularization recruited by colleges and universities mainly refers to the in-service study of the staff of the Science and Technology Museum."No one in the local science and technology museum has come to study on the job for the time being. This year, we specifically noted this major in the enrollment brochure of the school, and some students directly applied for the exam after seeing it. The first college entrance exam scored more than 400 points. It is estimated that the final enrollment this year will not exceed 25 people." Zhang Junchao said.
There is a big gap of science popularization professionals in China
As of 2012, China has about 13 full-time and part-time science popularization workers per 10000 people《The 12th Five Year Plan for National Science and Technology Popularization》There is still a gap in the requirement of "15 full-time and part-time science popularization workers per 10000 people during the 12th Five Year Plan".There are 223400 full-time science popularization talents in China, which is far from the goal of "achieving 500000 full-time science popularization talents nationwide by 2020" proposed in the Outline of Science Popularization Talent Planning.
No experiments, No textbooks, and many beautiful women accompany us. In science and engineering, the most exciting major is the Master of Science Popularization from the University of Science and Technology of China.The so-called Master of Science Popularization is a high-end talent who popularizes science and technology?Out, Wencrepe's explanation is incomprehensible to my friends. The encyclopedia is their most concise and clear title.What and how can you learn become an encyclopedia in your imagination?Is this particular, don't you believe?Ordinary people don't tell me.
Gender ratio 1:1
The impression of a science and engineering man is that he has a scruffy beard and wrinkled clothes. He can smell it from afar without looking.But if you see the Master of Science Popularization, it will be an eye opener: the boys are clean and the girls are generous.There is no aesthetic sadness of "master does not go out, and go out to frighten the whole street".
If you want to ask why?Literary and artistic youth will definitely say that "women are the ones who please themselves", and 2B youth can not always say that "there is a love of beauty".In the eyes of Master of Science Popularization, "hormone" must be the most powerful explanation!For laymen, when boys see beautiful women, their heart beats faster, their saliva becomes more, their blood pressure rises, and their clothes naturally become beautiful.Whether you understand it or not, I understand it anyway.
There are 14 girls and 16 boys in a class of 30, with a ratio of almost 1:1 between men and women, so that the vision of "men and women work together without tiredness" is no longer an extravagant hope.If you want to ask whether this ratio is very suitable for love, the little partner smiles "hey hey", revealing mystery and bad laughter.
Last year, the first Master of Science Popularization at the University of Science and Technology of China began to enroll students. Because their majors were too new, few people wanted to join them. Except for two students, other students were selected from all walks of life. Mechanical men, construction women, computer losers, etc., whose wide span surprised me and my little partner.
It looks like a strange combination. If you ask about it, it's really big. Let's go and have a look.
Who is the first person to eat crabs
Science is too professional, science popularization is not easy, and it is not easy for ordinary people to understand. Is this really difficult?As early as two years ago, many academicians, Daniel, complained publicly that science venues have been built and science popularization talents are scarce.However, after the nuclear power plant incident in Japan, salt can prevent radiation, which actually "deceived" many citizens who did not know the truth.
Who was the first person to eat crabs?Academicians finally had hope when they touched their white hair: in 2013, six 985 universities, including Tsinghua University and Huake University, began to "taste the fresh" science popularization masters.
No textbook, no experiment, no syllabus, no professional lecturer, and almost nothing in the Master of Science.What should I do?Excuse me!In the first semester, seven or eight science popularization masters from Huake University were recruited from education, journalism, psychology, industrial design, computer and other majors.
The seemingly miscellaneous courses, in fact, also pay attention to training professionals specialized in science popularization, which is applicable to science popularization venues, science popularization creation and communication, science popularization industry operation, event planning and organization, etc.Besides traditional science and technology history, science philosophy, digital science popularization and other science and technology related courses, there are also communication science, psychology, speech and eloquence.From astronomy to geography, from fish farming to turtle catching, hey hey, they all need to learn a way.
In this way, the teacher who became a monk on the way met the student who became a monk on the way. It was really a pair of living treasures.But there are "unique skills" in life, so we should have a good look.
IT male painting vase
IT male painting vase?At first it sounds unimaginable, but facts speak louder than words.
As a saying goes, in order to cultivate students' artistic appreciation, the teacher arranged a course in the classroom: drawing vases shortly after the school began last year.Shh... The class is noisy.If architectural painting is acceptable, let other science and engineering men who have barely touched the brush and can't tell the color to paint vases, which is a typical brain damaging cell!
When I chewed the pen and smeared it into a big colorful face, the class was just like the prelude to a drama class. The paint was everywhere, and my face was like a clown on the stage.The mouse changes the brush, the straight line changes the curve, the black and white changes the color, slowly, this group of dull science students began to change.In a fashionable way, they used to be foolish, but now they are foolish and cute, with a qualitative change.
There is a picture of a clock in the class. The whole clock is set against the background of a collage of broken eggshells, with various colors painted around. The picture is filled with black hands, which is harmonious and grand. It looks very beautiful and energetic from afar, and matches their current state very well.This handicraft was completed by their whole class and has been put in the exhibition hall so far, witnessing their growth experience.
Painting is by no means a special case of girls and boys being "abused". Such experiences can be found everywhere.Compared with the richness of the classroom, these are just small cases.
Compared with ordinary graduate students in small classes, 30 science popularization masters have classes together, which is a grand class.But the difference is that generally 30 people will be divided into different groups to complete the task according to the classroom content.For example, Group A disassembles household appliances, Group B draws circuit diagrams, Group C assembles household appliances [l4]... Each group has tasks, and within the group, the division of labor is carried out according to the principle of "men and women are matched, and work is not tired" to complete tasks together.This is not only efficient, but also practical. The most important thing is to be able to exchange feelings between male and female students. But many couples are together like this [15].
Practical training to "see the scenery"
Theory learning is good, but if you stay in school every day, you will become stupid sooner or later.Look, Master of Science Popularization has benefits: visit all museums in Hubei.
Dinosaur fossils, animal specimens, steel construction... After half a semester, dozens of "wind spots" including Shennongjia World Geopark, Jingzhou Museum, Wuhan Botanical Garden of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dinosaur Fossil Museum of China University of Geosciences, and Huangshi Tonglushan Ancient Copper Mine Site Museum have been visited by science popularization masters. They don't gasp, and they are like doggerels,Tell various historical sites and cultural mysteries everywhere.
Watching is playing?Out!Seeing and hearing from all directions is the right way.During the viewing period, we should not only understand the exhibits in the venue, the layout of the venue, and the overall style design, but also take a seat to tell the story of the cultural relics.It seems that the absent-minded viewing is more particular and tests the children's various skills, which is not as simple as expected.
Boring!boring!This is the most intuitive feeling when others visit the museum, and the Master of Science Popularization is no exception.But over time, it has become a beautiful job.Normal people who pull their girlfriends to a museum to fall in love will definitely blow up immediately, but a master of science popularization is different. It can not only let their girlfriends learn more and improve their taste, but also make their girlfriends laugh and remember history when they joke about official history and distort ancient books. It is a win-win situation.Who can say this is not spreading science?
Professor Du, why fire?
There is no special textbook for Master of Science Popularization. How can we learn knowledge?Literature is their best teacher.The little fellow told us without boasting that those who read 200000 words of literature every week were only at the level of "academic slag"!The real "learning bully" is a person who treats literature as a snack "Chiguoguo".
With a strong literature reading, the Master of Science Popularization has different energy from ordinary people. It can identify rumors almost every minute and speculate on the possible truth behind the event.
Can salt prevent radiation?No，Iodine tablets in table salt can not "prevent" nuclear radiation, but can only reduce the absorption of radioactive iodine by the human body, and have no effect on other radioactive substances.
What to eat?No，Any substance that people eat into the stomach and intestines must be broken down into small molecules before it can be absorbed. It will eventually become amino acids, glucose, water, etc., with little difference.It doesn't work to make up what you eat.
Can oral collagen whitening products beautify?No，ProteolysisOnly amino acids can participate in the synthesis of new proteins, and the amino acid composition of collagen is doomed to be a low-quality protein.Collagen does not contain all“essential amino acid ”。The protein eaten cannot be directly transported to the skin.Beauty obviously can not be achieved.
Such as this, no matter science or pseudoscience, Master of Science Popularization can say something.Not only that, they can also have their own scientific explanations for social phenomena.
Professor Du, why fire?Because Professor Du has a good appearance, conforms to the traditional Chinese aesthetic, and can give people a sense of security, meet women's psychological needs and expectations for the future.
Where did Dad go? Why did he become famous?It stimulates women's maternity and men's sense of responsibility for their families.
If you don't know, you will be shocked. The Master of Science Popularization is really powerful and domineering.As the saying goes, there is specialization in the art industry!But the Master of Science Popularization is obviously more aggressive.So professional, what are you waiting for if you don't apply for the exam?[9]
Investigation report of Shennongjia
The drizzle started the training on May 9. At 8:00 in the morning, we left Yichang for Shennongjia.The road is like a jade belt inlaid between the green mountains. As it moves westward, the mountains on both sides gradually rise. When it gradually enters the deep, the mountains have become a shadow.The light rain has never stopped, and the mountain is full of fog. The barrier formed by the cloud makes the mountain like a shy girl, covering her face with a veil.The rock wall is as towering as a knife cut. White walls and black tiles are interspersed between the verdant mountains from time to time. Terraces are hidden in the hillsides and mountains. Sometimes streams pour down the mountain, without holding a handful of springs, but already feel sweet.Nature's uncanny workmanship and ever-changing ingenuity make us feel as if we were in a dream all the way.
On the way, Feng Qian, the curator of the Science and Technology Museum, came to the bus to accompany us.The population distribution of kiwifruit, the picking season of tea garden, the type of mixed forest, and the scenery along the way have become extensive scientific knowledge at this time.We walk outside the white walls and black tiles, swim among the misty mountains, and wander in the ocean of knowledge.Four hours later, we came to Shennongjia, the last pure land in the subtropical zone.We will gently unveil the mystery of Shennongjia in the next time.
After getting off the bus, the cold air and heavy rain hit us head-on, but it did not affect our enthusiasm for exploration.After a short rest in Muyu Town, we embarked on the first stop of Shennongjia - Shennongjia Nature Exhibition Hall.Shennongjia Natural Exhibition Hall is located in the northwest of Muyu Town, in the embrace of mountains and streams, which is a rare human civilization landscape in mountains.In chronological order, we visited the Geomorphology Museum, Geology Museum, Academic Museum, Biology Museum and Wilderness Cave.
The Geomorphology Museum displays the panoramic sand table of Shennongjia.Shennongjia is named after Shennongjia, one of the ancestors of China, and its full name is Shennongjia Forest Region. It is the only administrative region in China named after "forest region". Located in the western border of Hubei Province, it is known as the "roof of central China".The geological museum mainly displays the profile of Shennongjia Group, rich mineral deposits and strange rocks. Pictures, objects, videos and environment rendering, as well as rich multimedia technology, let us come to the geological park as if we were in the scene.
In the academic museum, we enjoyed the 4D film named Shennongjia. The shocking visual effect made us witness the mountain building movement, forest ecology and myths and legends of Shennongjia together with the Sunbird. The past and present life of Shennongjia are vivid.
The Biology Museum is the focus of this station. We visited the Plant Museum, Animal Museum and Savage Museum.Most of the wild plants in Shennongjia are collected in the Plant Herbarium, and both dried and soaked specimens are vividly presented.Later, we had the honor to visit the plant specimen workshop, and we were pleasantly surprised by our first close contact with specimen making.The museum of animal specimens amazed all the students who visited it. What was presented in front of us was not one by one sample window, but a vivid pictureForest ecosystemWalking into the herbarium is like walking into the forest: all kinds of birds perch on tree trunks and hover in the air. Birds of prey prey on other birds or snakes with their sharp claws and hooked beaks. All kinds of snakes are twined on the branches. All kinds of beasts on the ground walk or hunt prey.These exquisite specimens were made by Professor Tang Zhaozi, the fourth generation successor of the "Specimen Tang". When Mr. Tang taught zoology, he always attracted us.
The existence of savages has always been a mystery in Shennongjia, which may be affected by subjective factors. The savage museum holds the attitude that there are savages in Shennongjia, and lists some evidences, but we find that these evidences can not fully prove the existence of savages.At the last stop, the savage cave really made our heart beat faster. The scene layout like the Terror Valley and the bones in the corner from time to time stimulated our nerves. Finally, in the darkness of the corner, we found a family of three savages. At the moment when we saw the savage model, we were all surprised - maybe that's the meaning of visiting the savage cave.
At the end of the visit to the Shennongjia Nature Museum, it was evening and the light rain was still intermittent.In the evening, we had the honor to listen to Professor Tang Zhaozi, an expert in zoology of Wuhan University, explain the top secret "Tang's specimen" preparation method in the hotel conference room.The animal specimen circle is known as "Southern Tang and Northern Liu", in which "Southern Tang" refers to the Tang family of specimens. Teacher Tang Zhaozi is the fourth generation descendant of Tang's specimens and a "national treasure" professor of Wuhan University.The general meaning of Tang's specimen "filling method" is very clear to us through Tang's rich body language and image metaphor, but it was not cold in a day, and it is not an overnight thing to learn this unique skill.
While explaining the preparation method of Tang's specimen, Mr. Tang also explained the national first-class protected animals in Shennongjia Forest AreaSichuan Golden MonkeyHowever, what impressed us most was Mr. Tang's attitude towards learning.As a national top vertebrate expert, although Mr. Tang has a deep knowledge of other related fields, when asked about the problem of deviating from the professional field, Mr. Tang never claimed to be an expert, but modestly answered "I don't know this", and then recommended experts and books and literature in related fields to us, never making false statements - this is similar to the so-called "public knowledge" in the mediaCompared with their attitude, they have more respect for science and conscience of scholars.
The initial exploration of Shennongjia has been accompanied by rain, but our enthusiasm for exploring nature has been ignited and kept rising.I believe that in the next time, we will spend more unforgettable time.[10]
