synonymNeurofibril(Neuron fiber) generally refers to nerve fibrils
Neurofibrils arenerve cellAn important component ofArgyrophilic, Bielschowsky (1902) and Cajal (1903) established theSilver staining: Use firstreducing agentRestore nerve cells, and thenSilver saltComposition and neurofibrillogenesisPrecipitation reaction, showing nerve fibrils, which also showsCell body。The nerve fibrils are distributed in a linear interwoven mannerneuronIt plays the role of support and transportation.
Chinese name
Neurofibril
Foreign name
nerve fiber
Alias
nerve fiber
Distribution area
In the space between all organs and tissues of human body
Neurofibril: in the nerve cytoplasm, there are filiform fiber structures with a diameter of about 2-3 μ mSilver stainThe sectioned body ofDendrites and axonsExtendableEndposition.[1]
structure
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HE stainingThe slice cannot be distinguished.staySilvering dyeingIn the section, it is brown and black filaments,Staggered arrangementNetworking, and insertDendrites and axonsMedium.Under the electron microscope, nerve fibrils are composed ofNeurofilamentandNeural microtubuleGather into bundles.Neurofilament, or nerve filament, is about 10 nm in diameterTubular structure, YesIntermediate filamentBut it is different from the intermediate filament in other cells.High magnification observation under electron microscope.It can be seen that the nerve filament is a very fine tubular structure, with a transparent lumen in the middle, a tube wall thickness of 3nm, and its length is very long, which is mostly clustered into bundles.Dispersed inCytoplasmInside, also extends toneuronIn the protrusion.Neurofilamentphysiological functionIs involved in the neuronsMetabolitesAnd ion transport flow.Neurotubule is a thin and long round tubule with a diameter of about 25 nm. Its wall thickness is 5 nm. It can extend into the neurites of neurons and form bundles with nerve filaments in the cytoplasm.
function
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Its physiological function is mainly involved in intracellularMaterial transportActivity, approachingmicrotubuleThe flow rate of various substances on the surface is the largest, and the surface of microtubule hasDynein（dynein）, which itself hasATPThe function of enzyme can make microtubules slide in the presence of ATP, so that microtubules have transport function.In addition, there are shorter and dispersedMicrofilament。Microfilament（microfilament）It is the thinnest filamentous structure with a diameter of about 5nm and different lengths. It gathers into bundles and interweaves into a network, which is widely distributed in the cytoplasm and processes of neurons. Its main function is to shrink and adapt to morphological changes in the physiological activities of neurons.Neurofilament, microtubule and microfilament, these three fibers constitute theCytoskeleton（cytoskeleton）, participate in material transport, and play the role of support and transport in neurons.
