Sulfonamide, also known as p-aminobenzenesulfonamide, molecular formula CsixHeightNtwoOtwoS，It is a kind of medicineOrganic compound。Commonly used in the pharmaceutical industry, it is the main raw material for the synthesis of sulfonamides.
Chinese name
sulfa[4]
Foreign name
Sulfanilamide[4]
alias
P-aminobenzenesulfonamide[4]
chemical formula
CsixHeightNtwoOtwoS[4]
molecular weight
one hundred and seventy-two point two one
CAS registration
63-74-1[4]
EINE
200-563-4
melting point
164 to 166 ℃
atlas
Science popularization in China
Committed to authoritative science communication
The certification expert of this term is
Zhang Zheng|Pharmacist in charge
Pharmacy Department of Beijing Chaoyang Hospitalto examine
Qiu Kui|Pharmacist in charge
Pharmacy Department of Beijing Chaoyang Hospitalto examine
Solubility: slightly soluble in cold water, ethanol, methanol, ether and acetone, easily soluble in boiling water, glycerin, hydrochloric acid, potassium hydroxide and sodium hydroxide solution, insoluble in chloroform, ether, benzene and petroleum ether
chemical property
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1. It is amphoteric and soluble in acid or alkali solution, and its sodium salt is often used as an injection.[2]
2. The aromatic primary amino groups in the reducing molecules are easy to be oxidized. Under the catalysis of sunlight and heavy metals, the oxidation is accelerated. Especially, sodium salts are easier to be oxidized under alkalinity, and the color can gradually darken when exposed to light. They should be stored in a dark container and sealed.The oxidation products are mainly azo compounds and oxidized azo compounds (orange yellow).[2]
3. The hydrogen atom on the sulfonamide group of the copper forming salt reaction can be replaced by metal ions (silver, copper, cobalt) to generate insoluble metal salt precipitates of different colors, which can identify and distinguish different sulfonamides.[2]
4. Diazotization and coupling reactionSodium nitriteActionDiazotization reactionThis property can be used to determine the content of sulfonamides.The diazonium salt generated is coupled with β - cainol in alkaline solution to form scarletAzo compound, which can be used for identification.[2]
In addition, bromination reaction and condensation reaction with aromatic aldehydes can also occur.[2]
In addition, bromination reaction and condensation reaction with aromatic aldehydes can also occur.[2]
Molecular structure data
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1. Molar refractive index: 42.80[4]
2. Molar volume (cmthree/mol）：120.6
3. Isotonic specific volume (90.2K): 340.9
4. Surface tension (dyne/cm): 63.7
5. Polarization (10-24cmthree）：16.97[1]
Calculate chemical data
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1. Reference value for drainage parameter calculation (XlogP): None
2. This product is an important intermediate of sulfonamides.This product has a strong antibacterial effect on hemolytic streptococcus, meningitis, and cocci, but it is rarely used for oral administration because of its poor efficacy and high toxicity. External use as a spray or ointment can prevent and treat wound infection, but it can cause allergic reactions, so it is rarely used. It should be used as a mediator in the synthesis of other sulfonamides, and also used as a raw material for the synthesis of agricultural "Huangcao Ling" abroad.[1]
3. Used asAnalytical reagent, such as photometric determination of nitriteSodium nitroso ferricyanideReagents for.It is used in biochemical research, organic synthesis and pharmaceutical industry.[1]
4. The main raw materials for the synthesis of sulfonamides can be used to produce crystalline sulfonamides for external use and anti-inflammatory, and can also be used to synthesize other sulfonamides, such asSulfamidine、Sulfamethoxazine、SulfamethazineEtc.[1][3]
Health hazards
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Long term human contact will cause dry cough, loss of appetite, foul smell in the mouth, headache, dizziness, fatigue, mental depression, etc.[3]If a large amount of sulfanilamide is taken, it can cause nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, affect the liver and kidney, and also cause tinnitus, dizziness, headache, and even various neurological symptoms until death.[1]It decomposes when heated and emits toxicnitrogen oxide And sulfur oxide.[3]
toxicology data
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It can be used as medicine and has inhibitory effect on the growth and reproduction of bacteria.Taking a large amount of sulfa can cause death due to the imbalance between absorption and excretion.
Water hazard class 1 (German regulation) (self assessment by list) This substance is slightly hazardous to water.[1]
Do not allow undiluted or large quantities of products to come into contact with groundwater, waterways or sewage systems.[1]
Do not discharge materials into the surrounding environment without government permission.[1]
Transportation and storage
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Transportation: complete package and handle with care;The warehouse shall be ventilated, away from open fire, high temperature, and stored separately from oxidant.[1]
keep in storage:
(1) Keep in a cool, ventilated and dry place to prevent heat, sun and moisture.Store and transport according to general chemical regulations.[1]
(2) Lined with plastic bags and covered with gunny bags, or lined with plastic bags, the middle layer is packed with kraft paper bags and covered with fiber cloth bags.Generally 40kg per bag.Store in a cool, ventilated, dry place, heat proof, sun proof and moisture-proof.Store and transport according to general chemical regulations.[1]
