Diammonium hydrogen phosphate

inorganic salt

Collection

zero Useful+1

zero

synonym Diammonium phosphate (Chemical substance) generally refers to diammonium hydrogen phosphate

Ammonium phosphate dibasic, chemical formula (NH four ) two HPO four , an inorganic salt, is a colorless transparent monoclinic crystal or white powder, easily soluble in water, insoluble in alcohol.^[1]

Potassium bicarbonate is used in analytical chemistry, food processing, agriculture and animal husbandry.^[2]

Chinese name: Diammonium hydrogen phosphate
Foreign name: Ammonium phosphate Dibasic
Diammonium hydrogen phosphates
Secondary ammonium
Diammonium phosphate
Alias: Diammonium phosphate 、 Dibasic ammonium phosphate 、 Dibasic ammonium phosphate 、 Dibasic ammonium phosphate
chemical formula: (NH four ) two HPO four
molecular weight: one hundred and thirty-two point zero five six

CAS login number: 7783-28-0
EINECS login number: 231-987-8
Melting point: 155 ℃ (Disassembly)
Water solubility: Soluble
Density: 1.619 g/cm³
Appearance: Colorless transparent monoclinic crystal or white powder
Application: Analytical chemistry, food processing, agriculture and animal husbandry
Security description: S26；S36
Hazard symbol: Xi,Xn,N
Hazard description: R36/37/38

catalog

Physical and chemical properties

Announce

edit

physical property

Diammonium hydrogen phosphate is colorless transparent monoclinic crystal or white powder, odorless, salty and cool. The density is 1.619g/cm3 at 25 ℃, which is easily soluble in water but insoluble in alcohol, acetone and ammonia. Refractive index α: 1.508; β：1.516；γ：1.526。 Specific heat capacity 43.5 J/(mol · ℃).^[3] The solubility of diammonium hydrogen phosphate is shown in the table:

Solubility of diammonium hydrogen phosphate
Temperature (℃)	zero	ten	twenty	twenty-five	thirty	forty	fifty	sixty	seventy	seventy-five	eighty
solubility (g/100g)	fifty-seven point five	sixty-two point eight	sixty-eight point six	seventy-one	seventy-five point two	eighty-one point eight	eighty-nine point two	ninety-seven point six	one hundred and six	one hundred and eight point six	one hundred and fifteen point five
reference material:^[5]

Diammonium hydrogen phosphate

chemical property

chemical property	explain	equation
PH	The 1% diammonium hydrogen phosphate aqueous solution is weakly alkaline, with pH of 8.^[3]	——
decompose	Diammonium hydrogen phosphate is heated to 155 ℃ for decomposition, but it is also possible to gradually decompose and release ammonia at room temperature to form Ammonium dihydrogen phosphate 。	(NH four ) two HPO four =NH three ↑+NH four H two PO four
	Decomposition at high temperature Ammonium metaphosphate 。^[3]	(NH four ) two HPO four =NH three ↑+H two O↑+NH four PO three
React with acid	Diammonium hydrogen phosphate can react with acid, such as hydrochloric acid.^[1]	(NH four ) two HPO four +HCl=NH four H two PO four +NH four Cl
React with alkali	Diammonium hydrogen phosphate can react with alkali, such as ammonia monohydrate.^[3]	(NH four ) two HPO four +NH three ·H two O=(NH four ) three PO four +H two O
Reaction with salt	Diammonium hydrogen phosphate can double decompose with some metal salts. For example, when determining the magnesium content in iron ore by gravimetric method, it is used to transform magnesium chloride into magnesium ammonium phosphate precipitation in ammonia solution.^[4]	MgCl two +(NH four ) two HPO four +NH three ·H two O+5H two O=MgNH four PO four ·6H two O↓+2NH four Cl
esterification	It can be mixed under the heating condition of diammonium hydrogen phosphate Primary alcohol （R-CH two OH) is esterified to produce phosphate.^[6]	Reaction formula

Calculate chemical data

Announce

edit

Number of hydrogen bond donors	three
Number of hydrogen bond receptors	four
Number of rotatable chemical bonds	zero
Number of tautomers	zero
Topological molecular polar surface area	eighty-five point four
Number of heavy atoms	seven
surface charge	zero
Complexity	forty-six point five
Number of isotope atoms	zero
Determine the number of atomic geometric centers	zero
Number of atomic geometric centers in uncertainty	zero
Determine the number of chemical bond stereocenters	zero
Number of uncertain chemical bond stereocenters	zero
Number of covalent bond units	three^[2]

Preparation method

Announce

edit

Preparation method	explain	equation
Industrial preparation: neutralization liquid ammonia method	Dilute the thermal phosphoric acid with distilled water (water: phosphoric acid=1.3:1) to dilute phosphoric acid, send it to the first stage tubular reactor with an acid pump for neutralization reaction with ammonia, pump the reaction solution to the second stage tubular reactor for further reaction with ammonia, make the pH value of the reaction solution reach about 8.0, add arsenic removal agent and heavy metal removal agent for solution purification and filtration, To remove impurities such as arsenic and heavy metals, the filtrate is sent to the fine tuning tank to adjust the pH value to 7.8-8.0, sent to the evaporator for evaporation and concentration to the relative density of 1.3, sent to the cooling crystallizer, cooled and crystallized, centrifuged to separate the mother liquor, dried, and produced the finished product of edible diammonium hydrogen phosphate.^[2]	H three PO four +2NH three =(NH four ) two HPO four
Industrial preparation: wet phosphoric acid method	Will contain 20% - 30% P two O five 1.2% - 2% F extracted phosphoric acid is sent to the reaction device through the gas purification system. After three stages of ammoniation, impurities are formed into a sediment that is easy to filter. After impurities are removed, the filtrate is saturated with ammonia, and then cooled and crystallized to produce triammonium phosphate. The precipitated crystals are centrifugally dehydrated and put into a fluidized bed furnace for pyrolysis to produce diammonium hydrogen phosphate. After drying, diammonium hydrogen phosphate for feed is produced.^[2]	①H three PO four +2NH three =(NH four )H two PO four ②(NH four ) two HPO four +NH three ·H two O=(NH four ) three PO four +H two O ③(NH four ) three PO four (NH four ) two HPO four +NH three +3H two O
Laboratory preparation	Add analytical pure ammonia water into chemically pure phosphoric acid until the filtrate is alkaline (pH=8-9), stir, dissolve and react, heat the solution to boiling, till the relative density is 1.41, then add an appropriate amount of ammonia water to pH=8-9, cool and crystallize, filter and dry. Purify according to the above method to obtain analytical pure diammonium hydrogen phosphate.^[2]	H three PO four +2NH three ·H two O=(NH four ) two HPO four +2H two O

application area

Announce

edit

laboratory

Diammonium hydrogen phosphate can be used to prepare buffer solution and culture medium in the laboratory, which is the nutrient for yeast culture. It can also be used as analytical reagent, precipitation and pH buffer of magnesium, zinc, nickel, uranium, etc., and as supporting electrolyte in electrochemical analysis.^[2]

food industry

Diammonium hydrogen phosphate is used in food industry as food leavening agent, dough conditioner, buffer, yeast feed, bread improver, fermentation assistant for brewing, and refined sugar.^[2]

Agriculture and animal husbandry

Diammonium hydrogen phosphate is a compound fertilizer containing nitrogen and phosphorus nutrients. It is a high concentration quick acting fertilizer with less solid after dissolution. It is suitable for various crops and soils, especially for crops that are fond of nitrogen and need phosphorus. It can be used as base fertilizer or topdressing fertilizer. Applying it on acidic soil can reduce the fixation of iron and aluminum on phosphorus, so that phosphorus can remain highly effective. It should be applied deeply. It can be used as feed additive for ruminants in animal husbandry.^[1-2]

Chemical production

Diammonium hydrogen phosphate is used for flame retardant treatment of fabric, paper, wood and plant fiber, and impregnation treatment of lamp wick to increase its durability and self extinguishing treatment after match ignition. It can be used as dry powder extinguishing agent and phosphorus in fluorescent lamps. It can be used as welding flux for tin, copper, bronze and zinc. It is also used in printing plate making, electronic tube manufacturing, ceramics and enamel industries. It is used for chrome dyeing of wool fabrics in the printing and dyeing industry.^[2]

water treatment

Diammonium hydrogen phosphate is mainly used as a corrosion inhibitor in the field of water treatment, as a bacterial nutrient in the biochemical treatment of wastewater, and as a softener component of boiler water.^[2]

Safety measures

Announce

edit

Toxicological data

Diammonium hydrogen phosphate has mild irritation to skin and mucous membrane, and may cause severe diarrhea if inhaled or ingested. Oral, rat LD fifty : 17000 mg/kg; Abdominal cavity, rat LD fifty : 1000 mg/kg.^[1-2]^[5]

Hazard characteristics

Diammonium hydrogen phosphate generates toxic nitrogen oxides, phosphorus oxides and ammonia smoke when heated.^[1]

Storage and transportation method

1. It shall be stored in a cool, ventilated, dry and clean warehouse. It shall be protected from moisture, high temperature and toxic substances. It shall not be stored and transported together with toxic and harmful substances.^[2]

2. During transportation, rain and sun exposure shall be prevented. Handle with care during loading and unloading to avoid package breakage.^[2]

3. In case of fire, water, sand and carbon dioxide extinguishers can be used to put out the fire.^[2]

Safety signs

Dangerous goods sign	Xi,Xn,N
Hazard Category Code	36/37/38-20/21/22-50
Safety instructions	26-36-61-37/39
Dangerous goods transportation number	UN34656.1/PG
Customs code	thirty-one million and fifty-three thousand
Toxic substance data	7783-28-0
Security description	S26 S36
Hazard description	R36/37/38^[1-2]

test method

Announce

edit

Accurately weigh about 600 mg of the sample, dissolve it in 40 ml of water, and titrate it with 0.1 mol/L sulfuric acid to a pH of 4.6. 0.1 mole per milliliter of sulfuric acid is equivalent to diammonium hydrogen phosphate [(NH four ) two H two PO four ]13.21 mg.^[1]

Novice on the road

Growth task Getting Started with Editing Edit Rule Edit by myself

I have questions

Content query Online Service Official post bar Feedback

Complaints and suggestions

Report bad information Failed to appeal through entries Complaint of infringement information Blocking query and unblocking

Jinggong Network Anbei No. 1100000200001